Ntau yam lus Indo-European zoo ib yam, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus muaj kev koom tes. Kev koom tes hauv Lavxias yog ib daim ntawv qhia, tab sis nws kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus cwj pwm. Yog li ntawd, tsis yog txhua tus linguists paub qhov kev koom tes raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus.
Tab sis hauv tsev kawm ntawv, qhov kev koom tes yog ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov lus qhia uas muaj ntau yam ntawm cov lus qhia. Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias cov neeg koom nrog teb cov lus nug ntawm adjectives, nws kuj
txhais tau tias yog ib qho kos npe ntawm ib qho khoom, tab sis qhov kos npe no cuam tshuam nrog kev ua thiab tseem hu ua ib qho kev hais lus lossis kos npe los ntawm kev ua. Piv txwv li, daus ntog yog daus uas ntog.
Cov tub ntxhais kawm paub tias lub cim nco txog yog dab tsi hauv qib 6. Ua ntej ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov txawv ntawm ib qho adjective. Zoo li adjectives, cov neeg tuaj koom tuaj yeem yog poj niam txiv neej thiab tuaj yeem ua ntau ntau. Lub cim nco txog muaj thawj daim ntawv. Nws muaj poj niam txiv neej thiab tus lej. Piv txwv li, lo lus "flying" tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv "flying", "flying" thiab "flying". Cov neeg koom kuj raug tsis lees paub raws li qhov xwm txheej, lawv tuaj yeem sawv ntsug hauv daim ntawv luv luv, piv txwv li, "qhib", "painted". Nws yog ib txwm txhais nyob rau hauv ib kab lus, ib yam li ib tug adjective.
Dab tsi yog kev koom nrog hauv cov lus qhia ntawm cov cim qhia? Cov koom nrog tam sim no thiab yav dhau los, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov koom nrog yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li, "sab tam sim no" thiab "sab ua ntej". Lwm qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb yog qhov pom, thiab hauv cov kab lus ua raws li hom kev tswj hwm, cov neeg koom yuav tsum muaj lub npe nyob rau hauv rooj plaub. Muaj cov koom nrog kev xav, piv txwv li, "tumbling".
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom raug txiav txim siab qhov sib txuas ntawm cov lus qhia los ntawm qhov kev koom tes tau tsim, txwv tsis pub koj tuaj yeem ua yuam kev hauv kev sau cov lus tom qab. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus qhia tsis muaj tseeb, kev hloov pauv thiab paub tias cov lus qhia hloov pauv yog dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej kawm txog qhov kev koom tes yog dab tsi, koj yuav tsum kawm lub ntsiab lus "Verb" kom meej.
Txhua tus tuaj koom tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj. Lawv yog active thiab passive. Koj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv tsis yog los ntawm lub ntsiab lus, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov lus kawg. Cov koom tes nquag qhia tias cov khoom nws tus kheej ua ib yam dab tsi. Cov suffixes -usch-, -yushch-, -ashch-, -yashch- yog txuas rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus qhia hauv lub sijhawm tam sim no, thiab rau cov lus qhia yav dhau los -vsh- thiab -sh-. Piv txwv li, tsaug zog, zom, ya.
Yog tias qhov kev txiav txim ua tsis yog los ntawm qhov khoom nws tus kheej, tab sis los ntawm lwm tus neeg, ces qhov kos npe ntawm qhov kev txiav txim no yog qhia los ntawm kev koom tes. Cov suffixes -nn-, -enn-, -t- koom nrog lawv tsim. Piv txwv li, licked, kaw, tig rau. Passive participles tsis yog tsim los ntawm tag nrho cov lus qhia. Piv txwv li, cov lus qhia "to take" tsis muaj daim ntawv passiveparticiples, xws participles tsis yog tsim los ntawm intransitive verbs ib yam. Tab sis tsuas yog cov neeg koom nrog passive tsim ib daim ntawv luv.
Cov teeb meem loj heev rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis yog los ntawm nqe lus ntawm "Lub cim nco txog yog dab tsi", tab sis los ntawm kev tsis muaj peev xwm sau cov lus xaus kom raug. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ua yuam kev tshwj xeeb thaum sau ob tsab ntawv "n"
Lub cim nco txog yog dab tsi, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov thiab paub tom qab kawm ntawv. Txhawm rau siv cov lus kom raug hauv kev sau thiab hais lus, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim tau.
