Lub sijhawm ntawm cov tub rog tau hu ua ntau yam haujlwm ntawm lawv cov neeg kawm thiab hauv cov ntawv sau tshiab ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv tom ntej. Romance, thiab tej zaum mysticism, shrouded lub paladin nws tus kheej, nws knightly motto, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, txoj kev ua neej, ua hauj lwm zoo nkauj poj niam. Raws li txoj cai, lawv yog cov tub rog siab phem, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj ua rau lawv cov duab tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus thiab lub npe tsev neeg - thaum lawv xav ua tus txiv neej tiag tiag, lawv hu nws ua tub rog.
Motto as a creed
Thiab tsis yog kev kos duab nkaus xwb pab txhawb rau qhov no. Cov mottos ntawm cov knights ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, uas yog tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov duab, hais lus rau lawv tus kheej. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tuaj yeem koom ua ke hauv ib lub ntsiab lus - "Vajtswv, poj niam, huab tais." Txawm hais tias muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus paub daws teeb meem thiab tsis txaus ntseeg: "Kuv yuav tsis ua lwm tus" lossis "Tsis yog rau kuv tus kheej, lossis rau tib neeg" thiab lwm yam. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb, cov tub rog ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub Nyoog, raws li qhov tshwm sim, cim lub siab ntawm kev xav, kev xav, kev ua thiab tshaj tawm tias txhua lub zog thiabkev txawj ntse, lawv lub neej heev yuav tsom rau kev pab thiab tiv thaiv cov txiv neej, kev ntseeg thiab kev hlub.
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev hwm knightly code of honor
Cov tswv yim zoo nkauj, vim lawv yog raws li cov lus dab neeg ntawm tus wizard Merlin, uas qhia thiab ntuas cov tub rog ntawm King Arthur. Nws cov lus zoo nkauj tsim lub Code of Honour of Chivalry. Raws li cov lus tshaj tawm, yuav tsum coj tus cwj pwm ntawm tus cwj pwm, cov duab ntawm ib tug tub rog thaum kawg los ua romantic heev. Ivanhoe, Roland, Sid, Knights ntawm Round Table coj los ntawm King Arthur, Tristan - cov duab zoo nkauj no tuaj yeem teev rau ntev. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj lawv tus kheej knightly motto, uas, raws li txoj cai, tau engraved rau lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, tab sis lub essence yog tib yam - ua hauj lwm rau lub zoo tagnrho xaiv. Zoo li txhua yam tshwm sim, chivalry tshwm sim, mus txog nws lub ncov, ploj mus yam tsis tsim nyog, thiab txawm tias tom qab raug txim. Tab sis nws tau ua nws lub luag haujlwm keeb kwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev sib kis ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv.
cais pawg
Thiab yog tias cov dab neeg dab neeg ntawm Knights ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham, lossis tus neeg koom siab tiag tiag ntawm King Richard the Lionheart, tau npog rau hauv lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, ces qhov zoo me ntsis tuaj yeem hais txog Teutonic, Livonian thiab Polish cov tub rog hnyav hnyav. Txawm hais tias qhov tsim nyog knightly motto ntawm yav tas los - "Vajtswv, hwm, fatherland" - siab phem, intrigue thiab betrayal yog txuam nrog rau lawv.
Yog tias koj nco qab Tsov Rog ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv, ces ntawm lo lus "knights", ua ntej koj ob lub qhov muag tsis muaj cov tub rog zoo nkauj nrog kev ua kom zoo, tab sis ib daim hlau uas nkag mus hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv medieval chivalry, nws kuj yog txaus nyiam uas nwsmuaj ib pawg neeg sib cais uas txhua leej txhua tus sib npaug, tsis hais keeb kwm. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog ib tus neeg muaj nyiaj muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem dhau los ua tub rog, tab sis cov nyiaj tau los ntawm txhua tus tsis zoo ib yam. Qhov kev txiav txim tuaj yeem suav nrog ob tus feudal lords loj thiab cov neeg saib xyuas. Tab sis lawv txhua tus yog kwv tij.
Cov hom phiaj nyob mus ib txhis
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov lus hais ntawm cov tub rog sib txawv, tab sis thawj zaug txhua tus tub rog tau cog lus rau qee qhov zoo tagnrho, uas yog, cov hom phiaj, raws li txoj cai, yog qhov zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, cov tub hluas los ntawm thaum yau tau raug muab ua ntej rau nplooj ntawv, tom qab ntawd mus rau squires, thiab txij li thaum yau lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj. Lub tswv yim ntawm chivalry tau tsim rau ntau pua xyoo, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav tsis poob lawv qhov cuam tshuam. Qhov tseeb, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txiv neej kev tsim txiaj yog muaj nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm. Heroes ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome, Lavxias teb sab heroes, Japanese samurai, Arab warriors - tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj lub knightly motto "hwm thiab txaj muag". Capacious thiab nkag siab. Lwm mottos kuj luv luv, xws li "Kuv yuav tswv." Ntau luv luv, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj - intelligibly, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom characterize tus neeg muaj peev xwm ua tau tej hauj lwm. Lub motto noble thiab capacious ntawm lub medieval warrior "Yuav ntxeev siab rau yam tsis flattery" yog zoo heev uas Emperor Paul kuv tau tsim nws rau Arakcheev thaum nws tau txais tsub lub title ntawm suav. Qhov no qhia tau tias cov tswv yim ntawm chivalry yog ib txwm mus txog hnub.
yam ntxwv
Knighthood yog txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg nyob nruab nrab. Nws muaj nws tus cwj pwm, sib cais los ntawm cov duab - vows, kev sib tw, tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab thiab mottos ntawm knights, tsov rog quaj, rituals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yogdedications, Txoj Cai ntawm Honour, uas suav nrog cov qauv ntawm kev coj cwj pwm hauv zej zog. Cov tsos ntawm ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm no caste kuj muaj nws tus kheej, tsuas yog cov yam ntxwv, los ntawm uas ib tug knight yuav unmistakably txheeb xyuas. Puas muaj peev xwm xav txog ib tug paladin tsis muaj nees, armor, ntaj thiab lub tsho? Nws muaj peev xwm tsis muaj nees thaum nws nyob ntawm ib lub hauv caug, nyo nws lub taub hau liab qab rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Tus Poj Niam Zoo Nkauj. Tab sis raws li txoj cai, yog hais tias nws muaj lub kaus mom nyob rau hauv ib tes, ces lub reins nyob rau hauv lwm yam. Muaj ib daim duab tsim, thiab tsuas yog nws cov yam ntxwv.
lub ntsiab lus yog dab tsi?
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, cov mottos ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Cov Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab yog ib txwm luv thiab succinct. Qee zaum, yog tias tus tswv yog tus thawj, lub ntsiab lus tuaj yeem muaj ib tsab ntawv. Cov kwv tij hauv caj npab tau paub txog qhov nws tus kheej, thiab kev paub tsis meej thiab kev paub tsis meej yeej ib txwm muaj nyob hauv cov tub rog sib hlub no yam tsis muaj kev ntshai lossis thuam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, lub motto qhia txog tus neeg tua neeg txoj kev ntseeg, nws lub neej txoj hauv kev.
Piv txwv li, "Zoo siab rau kev ncaj ncees", "Kuv kov yeej nrog lub tshuab ntawm tsov ntxhuav lub paw", thiab lwm yam. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov mottos lawv tus kheej tau muab faib ua peb pawg - piv txwv li, figurative-hais lus thiab ua tau hais lus, feem ntau. Cov mottos yog tus kheej thiab pab pawg neeg, dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam, thiab ua lub cim coj ncaj ncees thiab kev kawm rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Muaj lub xeev mottos - nyob rau hauv tsarist Russia nws yog cov kab lus "Vajtswv nrog peb", nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union - "Proletarians ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws, sib sau ua ke!" Ntau lub teb chaws tseem muaj lawv lub xeev mottos.
xav tau tus cwj pwm
Knights of the Middle Age muaj ib lub ntsiab lustau sau nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv - nyob rau sab saum toj, nyob rau hauv Scotland - nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, kuj yog ib tug tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cwj pwm ntawm ib tug knight. Thawj cov cim knightly ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog twb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10th, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th lawv twb nyob rau ntau knightly shields. Lawv kuj tau ua cov cim cim hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov cim ntawm kev yug los ntawm cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau fatherland thiab kev ua siab loj ntawm tus kheej. Heraldic science kawm cov intricacies ntawm tsim ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, tag nrho cov allegorical kos npe rau hauv lawv, keeb kwm ntawm creation thiab tshwm sim ntawm tej yam tsev neeg cwj pwm ntawm chivalry. Tsis muaj dab tsi superfluous nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, tsis muaj cov khoom dai.
Txhua yam suav nrog
Txhua yam txhua yam: daim ntawv, keeb kwm yav dhau, kev npaj ntawm cov duab, ib qho curl - nqa cov khoom siv semantic. Daim duab tuaj yeem qhia tus neeg paub txog txhua yam ntawm tus tswv: dab tsi nws xeem, nyob hauv lub tebchaws, lossis lub nroog, nws yug los thiab nws nto moo rau.
Knight's emblems of the Middle Ages yog ib hom neeg tuav phau ntawv hla tebchaws. Tag nrho daim teb ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab tau muab faib ua ob ntu - sab sauv (lub taub hau) thiab qis (ko taw). Niaj hnub no heraldry distinguishes ob peb chav kawm ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab - concession thiab tsev neeg, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab los ntawm kev sib yuav los yog succession, patronage thiab crowned neeg. Tus thawj knightly tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab nrog ib tug motto, hais txog uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, belongs rau suav Anjouysuom, Geoffrey los ntawm Plantagenet tsev neeg. Nws hais txog 1127.
Qhov tsos ntawm chivalry, zoo li nws poob, yog vim li caskeeb kwm tsim nyog. Lub Nrab Hnub nyoog yog feudalism. Cov tswv av xav tau los tiv thaiv lawv cov khoom. Knights tshwm sim raws li warrior guards ntawm overlord cov cuab yeej. Lawv tshwm sim hauv lub xeev ntawm Franks, txawm hais tias lawv cov hauv paus hniav rov qab mus rau cov tub rog ntawm Ancient Rome. Chivalry ploj mus nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib pab tub rog tsis tu ncua nrog kev qhuab qhia nruj thiab kev sib koom tes ntawm kev ua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub Nyoog nyob rau lub sijhawm sib xws yog tib lub zog tiag tiag uas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub xeev thiab kov yeej cov av tshiab, piv txwv li yog cov neeg ua phem ua qias tau ua los tiv thaiv Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv los ntawm Seljuk Turks. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov knights yog ib qho khoom plig thiab kev txhawb nqa rau zej zog. Lawv muaj lawv tus kheej kab lis kev cai, lawv tus kheej minstrels, lawv tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus cwj pwm - txhua yam uas yog txhais los ntawm lo lus zoo nkauj "knight".
