Sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab koom

Cov txheej txheem:

Sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab koom
Sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab koom
Anonim

Cov lus xav ntawm cov lus hais txog qhov kev koom tes yog muab faib. Qee tus ntseeg tias nws hais txog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov lus qhia, lwm tus hais tias nws yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Peb yuav txhawb qhov kev xaiv thib ob.

Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds
Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds

Kev koom nrog yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Nws muaj cov cim qhia ntawm adverb thiab verb, qhia thaum twg, yog vim li cas thiab yuav ua li cas qhov kev txiav txim yog ua los ntawm cov lus qhia-predicate, thiab muaj ib tug ntxiv nyhuv. Yog hais tias lub gerund nyob rau hauv ib kab lus tsis yog ib leeg, tab sis muaj cov lus uas nyob ntawm nws, ces cov lus no yog hu ua gerund. Kab lus yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiab thaum twg cov gerunds sib cais nyob rau hauv ib kab lus.

Kev cais tawm yog dab tsi?

Hauv Lavxias, lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib cais yog ib txoj hauv kev qhia kom meej thiab nthuav qhia qee cov lus hauv kab lus. Tsuas yog cov tswv cuab ntawm lub tswv yim uas yog theem nrab tuaj yeem raug cais tawm, thiab qhov no yog qhov lawv txawv ntawm cov tswv cuab tsis nyob ib leeg. Kev sib cais yog tsim nyogkom tus nyeem ntawv tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov tseeb ntawm daim duab piav qhia ntawm qhov kev ua tsis tu ncua. Tsis tsuas yog sawv gerunds tuaj yeem sawv sib nrug, tab sis kuj yog gerunds.

Piv txwv ntawm ib tus gerunds

Yog ib qho xwm txheej cais tsis muaj cov lus nyob hauv kab lus, ces hu ua ib tus gerund. Thaum sau ib kab lus, ib feem ntawm kev hais lus no ib txwm muaj qhov txawv ntawm commas ntawm ob sab.

Qhov chaw ntawm gerund hauv kab lus tuaj yeem yog ib qho. Nov yog cov piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv kom raug ntawm ib gerunds nrog commas:

  1. Ntawm nws, nws hais tsis tau.
  2. Thaum kuv rov qab los kuv pom kuv tus muam nyob hauv tsev.
  3. Yog tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev ua kis las.

Raws li, cov gerunds hauv qab no tau qhia nrog lub cim:

  • staring;
  • rov;
  • tsis tawm dag zog.

Muaj ob peb qhov rov tuaj koom nrog hauv tsab ntawv. Lawv hu ua homogeneous. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv raug cais los ntawm commas ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab sib cais los ntawm cov cim cim cim raws li cov lus sib cais. Piv txwv ntawm cov kab lus no:

  1. Ntxhais, hu nkauj thiab kiv, Natasha nrawm nrawm rau nws thawj hnub.
  2. Laughing winking, Pasha kaw qhov rooj.
  3. Nws nyob twj ywm, npau taws tab sis cowardly.

Homogeneous koom nrog hauv kab lus tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov sib txawv. Piv txwv li: Ua si thiab luag, nws, kev tshoov siab, rushed ntawm nws txoj kev npau suav.

Kev sib cais ntawm ib tug gerunds
Kev sib cais ntawm ib tug gerunds

Kev sib cais los ntawm commas ntawm ib leeggerunds

Kev sib cais ntawm ib tus gerunds tshwm sim hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  1. Yog tus gerund ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus thib ob predicate hauv kab lus. Khaws lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia. Qhia qhov xwm txheej, ua rau, lossis lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tab sis tsis yog nws cov duab. Thaum khiav tawm, Marina poob nws lub hnab nyiaj. Tom qab hnub so, cov qhua tawm mus yam tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab.
  2. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kab lus hauv koj lub siab los ntawm kev hloov cov gerund nrog cov lus qhia, lossis ua ib qho nyuaj los ntawm kab lus yooj yim. Thaum Marina khiav tawm, nws rub nws lub hnab nyiaj. Cov qhua tom qab hnub so, txawm tias tsis nyob ntsiag to, tab sis tawg mus.

Kev sib cais ntawm ib tus gerunds tsis tshwm sim yog:

  1. Tus gerund ib leeg tau poob nws cov ntsiab lus los yog muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog tus kwv yees. Masha khiav mus rau hauv chav tsev tsis muaj khob. Zhenya nqis los ntawm tsob ntoo ntsiag to thiab maj mam.
  2. Yog tias gerunds yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm kev qhia. Zhenya kua muag ntsiag to thiab tsis maj.
  3. Yog ib tus gerund tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lub npe. Masha khiav mus rau hauv chav tsis khob.

Kev cais ntawm ib tus gerunds nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv kab lus

Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds yuav tsis tshwm sim yog tias lawv nyob rau hauv qhov pib lossis qhov kawg ntawm kab lus, tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lawv raug muab cais los ntawm commas. Sib piv ob kab lus:

  1. Tanya sim khau khiab maj mam.
  2. Txoj kev, maj mam, Tanya qhuas paj.

Hauv thawj kab lus, kev sib cais ntawm kev koom nrog cov cim tsis ua tiav, vim nws tau sawv cev los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim duabkev ua. Nws tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lo lus - "slowly".

Nyob rau hauv kab lus thib ob, gerund yog adverb ntawm vim li cas ("vim kuv tsis maj").

Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab gerunds
Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab gerunds

Kev koom tes ua li cas?

Yog kab lus muaj ib feem ntawm kev hais lus uas teb cov lus nug "koj ua dab tsi?", "koj ua dab tsi?" thiab hu ua gerund, nrog cov lus nyob, ces cov lus no feem ntau hu ua gerund.

Hauv kab lus, qhov kev hloov pauv no ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab hais txog cov lus qhia, raws li nws qhia txog qhov ua ntxiv. Kev ua ntxiv yog ua los ntawm tib tus neeg, qhov tshwm sim lossis yam khoom uas ua qhov tseem ceeb.

Piv txwv ntawm cov kab lus adverbial

Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds thiab cov koom nrog tshwm sim txawm tias lawv nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov lus qhia-predicate. Piv txwv li:

  1. Huab tsaus nti tau hla saum ntuj txhua hnub, tam sim no qhib lub hnub, ces kaw dua.
  2. Taug kev ntawm nws niam, tus menyuam ntsia nws nrog kev xav tsis thoob thiab ntxim nyiam.
  3. Kev xyiv fab, nqa kev zoo siab rau qee tus, ua rau lwm tus tsis muaj kev nyuaj siab.
  4. Kuv saib lub hnub sawv tsis tau qhov muag.
  5. Tus me nyuam, raws nws niam txhais tes, ua tib yam txav.
Kev sib cais ntawm adverbs, sib cais ntawm qhov xwm txheej
Kev sib cais ntawm adverbs, sib cais ntawm qhov xwm txheej

Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov dab tsi thaum siv gerunds thiab koom nrog hauv kab lus?

Cov cai yooj yim rau kev siv cov lus hais thaumsau ntawv raws li nram no:

  1. Qhia tawm los ntawm kev qhia ua piv txwv, qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov ua ntxiv, qhia los ntawm ib tus neeg koom, yuav tsum xa mus rau tib tus neeg, khoom lossis qhov tshwm sim.
  2. Feem ntau, kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej qhia los ntawm gerunds thiab cov neeg koom siv yog siv thaum sau ib feem, kab lus tus kheej, nrog rau cov lus qhia hauv lub siab xav.
  3. Yog cov kab lus tsis yog tus kheej hauv qhov tsis paub, ces nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv qhov participle.
  4. Kev sib cais ntawm adverbs thiab kev cais ntawm qhov xwm txheej yog tib yam, txij li cov lus qhia qhia txog qhov xwm txheej hauv kab lus.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov gerunds thiab cov koom nrog tsis sib cais los ntawm commas?

Kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej qhia los ntawm gerunds thiab cov neeg koom tsis tau ua yog tias:

  1. Cov xwm txheej tau txuas nrog lub koomhaum "thiab" nrog rau qhov xwm txheej tsis raug cais lossis kwv yees. Nws ntxub nws thiab lees txais nws cov kev xav. Dasha ua si nrov nrov thiab qw nrog kev xyiv fab.
  2. Cov xwm txheej converge nrog adverbs. Lawv poob lawv cov nqi ntxiv thiab tau txais tus nqi ntawm ib qho kev kos npe ntawm kev nqis tes ua. Nov yog:
  • feem ntau cov koom nrog uas tau dhau los ua cov lus hloov pauv (tsis tau kaw koj lub qhov muag, dov koj lub tes tsho, taub hau, qhib koj lub qhov ncauj thiab lwm tus). Piv txwv li: Petya ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Tab sis: dov nws lub tes tsho, nws ntxuav nws txhais tes hauv tub. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov lus qhia cov lus qhia (piv txwv li, ua lwm yam lus, qhov tseeb, lwm tus) raug cais los ntawm tus lej cim.
  • kev koom tes dav dav uas nqa cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Yog tsis muaj lawv, tus predicate tsis qhia tag nrho cov kev xav. Ib feem ntawm kev hais lus no feem ntau tuaj tom qab qhov kev txiav txim. Lub "adverb" ntawm cov gerunds yog pom tseeb nyob rau hauv kab lus uas muaj ib pab pawg neeg homogeneous - gerunds thiab adverbs. Piv txwv li: Nws teb kuv yam tsis txaj muag thiab ncaj ncees. Tsis txaj muag - qhov no yog kev koom tes, tab sis frankly - adverb.

Commas tsis cais gerunds hauv subordinate clause uas muaj lo lus nyob ntawm "uas" nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws variations. Nws xav tshem tsab ntawv, nyeem uas nws nco txog nws txoj kev nyuaj siab tsis ntev los no.

Kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej qhia los ntawm gerunds
Kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej qhia los ntawm gerunds

Dab tsi yuav tsum tau paub qhov txawv ntawm

Sib cais gerunds, ntau tus tsis xav tias cov no tuaj yeem yog adverbs lossis prepositions.

Cov lus qhia hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

  • clover;
  • sneak;
  • joking;
  • silent;
  • sitting;
  • standing;
  • dag thiab lwm tus.

Cov kev koom tes dav dav uas zoo ib yam li cov lus no khaws cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tsim ib qho kev koom tes ntawm kev koom tes thiab kev sib txuas nrog lwm tus neeg koom. Anya caij sawv txhua txoj kev. Nws yuav ua txoj haujlwm no tso dag (yooj yim). Cov kab lus no siv adverbs.

Sawv saum toj, Anya ntsia ntsia. Txhua txoj kev, muaj kev lom zem thiab ua si, Yana tsis kaw nws lub qhov ncauj. Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus no, commas cais cov koom nrog hauv thawj kab lus thiab cov neeg koom nrog hauv kab lus thib ob.

Los ntawm cov prepositions yog qhov txawv: pib nrog, raws li. Tsis muaj commas suav nrog vimqhov adverbial feem yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm kab lus thiab nws lub ntsiab lus yuav tsis hloov. Tshav ntuj nag los nag los nag los nag lawm.

Kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej tau hais los ntawm gerunds thiab koom nrog
Kev sib cais ntawm cov xwm txheej tau hais los ntawm gerunds thiab koom nrog

Kev sib cais ntawm cov koom nrog thiab cov neeg sib tw: qhov txawv li cas?

Cov kab lus koom nrog thiab cov lus qhia ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv kab lus thiab muaj lawv qhov sib txawv hauv qab no:

  1. Kev koom nrog lossis ib leeg koom ua ke yog hais txog lo lus raug txhais (noun lossis pronoun). Kev koom tes los yog kev koom ua ke muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov lus qhia-predicate. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev koom tes hloov pauv ntawm cov lej, poj niam txiv neej, cov xwm txheej, muaj cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho thiab luv luv, thiab kev koom tes yog ib daim ntawv tsis hloov pauv.
  2. Cov kab lus koom tes thiab koom nrog ua haujlwm raws li lub ntsiab lus hauv kab lus, thaum cov kab lus gerund thiab koom nrog ua raws li qhov xwm txheej sib txawv.
  3. Kev koom nrog sib txawv thiab koom nrog cov lus xaus. Cov neeg koom tes muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li -usch-(-yusch-), -ashch-(-yashch)- -vsh-, -sh- ntawm cov koom nrog tiag tiag thiab -om-(-em-), -im-- -enn-, -nn-, -t- hauv kev txom nyem. Thaum gerunds muaj cov lus hauv qab no: -a-, -ya-, -uchi-, -yuchi-, -v-, -lice-, -shi-.
Participle segregation los ntawm commas
Participle segregation los ntawm commas

Rules for cais gerunds

  1. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib kab lus muaj ib tug union nyob ib sab ntawm cov adverbial kab lus, ces lawv muab cais los ntawm ib tug comma. Cov koom haum thiab cov lus sib koom tsis suav nrog hauv kev ncig. Piv txwv li: Nws luag ntxhi rau nws tus phooj ywg thiab, dhia hla lub pas dej, khiav mus tsev. Qhov kev zam yog lub union "a", uassawv ua ntej adverbial turnover. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub turnover. Piv txwv li: Ib tug neeg yuav tsum to taub tias lub ntsiab ntawm lub neej yog dab tsi, thiab tau nkag siab qhov no, nws yuav qhia rau lwm tus thiab.
  2. Yog ib kab lus muaj ob peb kab lus los yog ib qho adverbial adverbs, ces commas muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lawv li thaum sau homogeneous cov tswv cuab ntawm kab lus. Piv txwv li: Nws los ze, staggering thiab tuav nws tus phooj ywg ntawm lub xub pwg nyom nrog ib txhais tes, thiab tuav lwm tus ntawm nws txoj siv sia.
  3. Yog tias muaj ob peb nqe lus hais txog kev sib txawv hauv ib kab lus, ces txhua tus ntawm lawv raug cais los ntawm cov lej. Piv txwv li: thawb lub rooj vag nrog nws txhais taw, nws khiav tawm mus rau txoj kev thiab, tsis quav ntsej cov neeg, maj nrawm mus.
  4. Cov lus qhuab qhia yeej ib txwm sib cais los ntawm cov lej ntawm ob sab.

Kev sib cais ntawm gerunds yuav tsis ua teeb meem yog tias koj kawm paub yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas qhov no ntawm cov lus hauv ib kab lus.

Kuv tuaj yeem pab kuv tus menyuam sib sau ua ke li cas lawv tau kawm?

Tom qab tus me nyuam tau kawm cov ntaub ntawv theoretical, nws yuav tsum raug caw tuaj koom ua ke nrog kev xyaum ua.

Thaum pib, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov kab lus hauv qhov ncauj thiab kawm kom pom cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia ib leeg hauv lawv. Tom qab ntawd, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum tau hais kom sau cov kab lus thiab muab cov cim cim rau hauv lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tus me nyuam yuav tsum piav qhia lawv txoj kev xaiv commas.

Cov cai rau cais cov gerunds
Cov cai rau cais cov gerunds

Tom qab cov me nyuam tau paub cov kab lus yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem muab cov kab lus rau lawv nrog cov koom haum thiab cov koom haumlus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua ntej nrhiav kev koom nrog lossis ib qho kev koom ua ke, ib tus yuav tsum tau hais txog lub hauv paus grammatical.

Lawv nyuaj rau txoj haujlwm nrog cov kab lus sib txuas uas muaj ntau lub hauv paus grammatical thiab homogeneous adverbial kab lus.

Pom zoo: