Yuav luag txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm paub tias yog tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm lus Lavxias tig los rau nws nrog cov lus: "Ua kab lus raws li cov phiaj xwm", ces koj yuav tsum xub txiav txim siab tus qauv, thiab thaum kawg nws tseem nyob. tso cov cim cim. Ntxiv mus, txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm yuav tiv nrog qhov kawg, raws li lawv tau nthuav tawm hauv daim duab schematic. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev yees duab ncaj qha nyob ntawm ntau yam: muaj kev hais lus ncaj qha, koom nrog thiab koom nrog, nrog rau hom thiab hom kab lus thiab lawv cov tswv yim.
hais lus ncaj
Yuav kom kos ib lub tswv yim rau kab lus ntawm hom no, koj yuav xav tau cov lus ntawm tus sau thiab hais ncaj qha. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, thawj tus yog qhia los ntawm ib tug capital tsab ntawv "a" los yog ib tug capital "A" (yog hais tias sau nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm ib kab lus), thiab lub thib ob - los ntawm ib tug capital tsab ntawv "P" nrog rau yuav tsum tau siv cov lus hais. marks.
Cia peb saib ob peb yam piv txwv:
"P", - a.;
A:"P!".;
"P, -a. -P";
A: "P!" - a.
Nyob rau hauv txhua tus, cov ntawv cim tau muab tso tseg, uas yuav pab kom kawm tau cov ntawv sau sai sai thiab.
Yooj yim thiab complex
Yog tias koj teb cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas kos ib daim duab ntawm kab lus ntawm ib qho nyuaj lossis hom yooj yim, ces koj yuav tsum pib nrog cov duab uas siv rau hauv cov duab kos duab. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws yog cov txheej txheem linear, uas suav nrog kev siv cov kab lus rau cov kab lus subordinate thiab square brackets rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus predicate thiab cov ntsiab lus kuj muaj lawv tus kheej cov cim. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov no yog ob parallel dashes, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, ib tug khiav ceev. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug complex hom, lub thiaj li hu ua kev sib txuas lus yuav qhia tau hais tias - ib tug phooj ywg lo lus los yog union, thiab cov lus nug kuj tau tsa los ntawm lub ntsiab mus rau lub subordinate ib feem. Nov yog cov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws: [-=,=], [-, -=] thiab [-=].
Complex
Thaum txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas los ua ib lub tswv yim ntawm kab lus ntawm ib hom complex, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias lawv muaj peb hom: non-union, complex thiab complex. Thaum nthuav tawm graphically, ib tug yuav tsum nco ntsoov: tag nrho cov txhais tau tias ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab cov seem ntawm lub tswv yim lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau muab tso tawm tsis poob. Piv txwv li: [-=], [=-], thiab [-=,=].
Txoj kev sib tw
Yuav tsum muaj ib feem nyob ntawm no. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev sib tw puag ncig nrog ib lo lus sau rau hauv lawv, uas yog qhov txuas, thiab nws yog rau nws tias cov lus nug raug teeb tsa, tawm ntawm lo lus tseem ceeb lossis kab lus. Yuav ua li cas kos ib kab lus hauv qhov no tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov piv txwv zoo: [-=], (vim).
Lwm saib ntawm daim duab kos duab
Dhau li ntawm hom kab, nws yog qee zaum kev cai siv cov phiaj xwm ntsug. Lawv qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj qhov yog qhov tsis muaj commas thiab lwm cov cim cim thiab qhov chaw nyob hauv qab qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv qhov no, tuaj yeem muaj tus lej ntawm subordinate clauses. Piv txwv li:
[-=
vim? (vim)
dab tsi? (yog leej twg).
Kev Kawm Qib Siab
Cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm yuav ua li cas los qhia cov lus pom zoo thaum kawm ua ntej hauv tsev kawm qib siab thiab. Hauv qhov no, cov ntawv tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb tau xyaum nrog cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov voj voog, thiab cov tseem ceeb hauv daim duab plaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej, cov koom haum tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm cov duab nraaj, tab sis nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm cov lus sib koom sab hauv. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua, vim lub union yog ib feem ntawm lo lus raws li lwm yam Cheebtsam (participle, predicate, subject, thiab hais txog).
