Ua ntej koj pib piav txog qhov no lossis lub npe menyuam yaus, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb qhov twg yog qhov ua phem, thiab qhov twg yog qhov nruab nrab - tsis muaj mob. Yog li, cia peb pib nrog thawj tus. Ib qho exonym yog lub npe menyuam yaus nrog lub ntsiab lus nruab nrab, thiab ethnophoholism yog lub npe menyuam yaus nrog lub ntsiab lus tsis zoo. Yog li cas yog katsap?
Katsap - "robber" or "tsap"?
Khokhly, cov Ukrainians, muab cov Russians tso dag lub npe. Txog tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov tseeb yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov lus "katsap". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus txawv rau txhua tus: ib txhia hais "katsap", uas yog, zoo li tsap - ib tug tshis.
Rau ib tug txiv neej Ukrainian shaved, ib tug Lavxias teb sab hwj txwv li ib tug tshis. Lwm tus sib cav tias lub npe menyuam yaus muaj keeb kwm Turkic thiab txhais tau tias "tub sab" lossis "tua neeg". Los ntawm lo lus "katsap" muaj ntau derivatives: Russia hu ua Katsapetovka, Katsapstan los yog Katsapia. Ib lub npe menyuam yaus uas muaj npe nrov feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov ntawv sau thiab cov lus pov thawj. Piv txwv li, ntawm no yog ib tug, Ukrainian: "Vajtswv tsim ib tug tsap, tab sis dab ntxwg nyoog yog ib tug katsap." Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lo lus "tshis" nyuam qhuav tau txais lub ntsiab lus tsis zoo, thaum xub thawj nws lub ntsiab lus txawv kiag li.
Ua tsaug rau cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no, katsapov pib muab piv nrogtshis:
- tshis paub tias yog tsiaj tawv tawv heev;
- kab plaub hau zoo li lub hwj txwv, raws nraim li Drac;
- tus tsiaj muaj ntxhiab tsw heev.
Moskal yog tub rog Lavxias
Thaum lub sijhawm uas Moscow tsis yog lub nroog, nws tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau thaj av Lavxias thiab lub xeev cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tebchaws nyob sib ze. Lavxias teb sab los yog Muscovite - ib haiv neeg ntawm Moscow. Thaum xub thawj, lub npe menyuam yaus tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thaum nyob rau hauv kev sib tw, cov tub rog Lavxias tsis nyob hauv camps lossis barracks, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm. Lawv ib txwm puv, thiab cov tub rog yuav tshaib plab los yog noj, nyob ntawm seb nws muaj peev xwm sib tham nrog cov tswv. Cov tub rog Lavxias nyiam cov ntxhais hauv zos, tab sis lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo tsis ntev heev. Muaj ib lub sij hawm thaum ib tug tub rog tau mus rau lwm lub tebchaws, txhua qhov kev sib raug zoo raug tsis nco qab lawm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no, cov lus qhia "moskalit" tshwm sim, uas txhais tau tias dag lossis dag. Ukrainians hu ua Muscovites cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, tsis hais haiv neeg twg. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm haiv neeg tau txais qhov kev txhais no.
Moskal yog neeg xam xaj Russia, katsap yog ib haiv neeg Lavxias
Nyob rau Hnub Nyoog Kawg, Tebchaws Europe suav tias yog neeg Lavxias, vim lawv tau da dej 1-2 zaug hauv ib hlis, thaum cov neeg European xyaum tsis ntxuav. Tatars hu ua Russians katsaps vim lawv tua tsiaj rau nqaij.
Leej twg yog Katsaps thiab Muscovites hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no? Ukrainians hu cov pej xeem ntawm Russia Muscovites, thiab Katsaps -haiv neeg Russians. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia, lo lus "katsap" yog ntau tshaj li "moskal". Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no (Voronezh, Kursk cheeb tsam thiab lwm yam) ob Russians thiab Ukrainians nyob. Qhov no ua haujlwm los xaiv hom "kev hloov pauv" ethno-dialectical los ntawm "Khokhl" mus rau "Moskal".
Katsap lossis Muscovite? Qhov tseem ceeb - Russian
Cia peb mus saib seb tus katsap yog dab tsi, los yog tus neeg zoo li cas. Katsap yog ib tug neeg uas hais lus Lavxias, tab sis muaj ib hom lus yav qab teb hauv nws cov lus. Piv txwv li, txhim kho Gekanye. Cov neeg zoo li no siv Ukrainian phraseological units hauv lawv cov lus. Hloov lo lus "tsis yog", lawv hais "nima", tsis yog "lawv", tab sis "lawv".
Qee zaum, tag nrho cov neeg Lavxias nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub tebchaws hu ua katsaps. Muscovites yog cov neeg nyob hauv Moscow, European ib feem ntawm Russia, sab qaum teb ntawm thaj tsam ntawm kev faib cov lus nyob rau yav qab teb.
Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no nws paub meej tias vim li cas Ukrainians hu Russians Katsaps thiab Muscovites. Peb tuaj yeem kos cov lus xaus hauv qab no: tsis yog txhua tus katsaps yog Muscovites, thiab tsis yog txhua tus Muscovites yog katsaps. Ntxiv mus, tsis yog txhua tus neeg nyob hauv Russia tuaj yeem hu ua Muscovites lossis Katsaps. Rau qee tus, qhov no tsis muaj teeb meem, qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv yog lawv yog Lavxias.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub katsap thiab Muscovite
Tam sim no nws paub meej tias katsap yog dab tsi, nws tsuas yog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov seem, thiab nws yooj yim heev ua. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, katsaps yog cov neeg ruam, siab hlob, tsis paub tab thiab tsis kawm ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tawv ncauj heev thiab feem ntau tsis heevntse. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv: ib tug neeg uas pheej hais lus tsis zoo, lus cog tseg, thiab yog tias lawv tsis pom zoo nrog nws qhov kev xav, nws pib hais lus phem, qhov tseeb yog qhov tseeb - nws yog ib puas feem pua katsap.
Moskal tab tom siv zog los pab Kremlin, nws nyob hauv kev pabcuam Moscow. Nws tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob lossis haiv neeg.
Tab sis ntawm Muscovites muaj ntau tus neeg kawm ntawv, txawj ntse thiab txawm muaj kev kawm.
Qee cov jingoists, footcloths thiab Internet trolls qhia meej tias katsap yog dab tsi. Cov neeg Lavxias yog cov neeg uas tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv saum toj no thiab tsis muaj kev xav tsis thoob, tab sis ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lawv tau tawm tsam nrog cov neeg zoo li no. Ntxiv mus, lawv xav tias lawv tsis tsim nyog los tuav cov npe no. Lawv yog cov neeg Russians dawb huv, tsis hais haiv neeg twg.
