Tashkent: keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai, architecture

Cov txheej txheem:

Tashkent: keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai, architecture
Tashkent: keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai, architecture
Anonim

Ib lub nroog loj (2.5 lab tus tib neeg) nyob rau ntawm lub tiaj tiaj hauv lub hav ntawm Chirchik River. Tam sim no nws yog lub nroog loj tshaj plaws hauv CIS. Los ntawm qhov pom noog qhov muag, koj yuav pom cov tsev pob zeb poob rau hauv cov ntoo ntsuab. Hauv Tashkent, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv muaj 69 square metres ntawm tsob ntoo ntsuab. Keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog no nkag mus tob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, qhov twg thawj cov neeg ua liaj ua teb sow barley, thiab kilometers ntev caravans taug kev los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Tebchaws Europe raws txoj kev Silk Road.

Capital of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan yog ib lub tebchaws nyob rau hauv Central Asia, ib feem ntawm USSR. Feem ntau Uzbeks nyob ntawm no, tab sis kuj muaj Russians. Kev ntseeg ntawm feem coob ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv yog Islam. Tam sim no nws yog ib lub xeev ywj pheej nrog nws tus yam ntxwv. Tam sim no thaj chaw ntawm Uzbekistan muaj 10,000 xyoo keeb kwm! Niaj hnub no, txog 33 lab tus tib neeg nyob hauv Uzbekistan. Thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev yog loj heev, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis haum rau kev nyob. Qhov chaw yog suab puam thiab roob. Muaj 7 lub nroog loj hauv lub tebchaws, cov neeg coob tshaj plaws yog Tashkent, uas yogkeeb kwm ntawm lub xeev.

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Ancient Tashkent

Lub peev ntawm Uzbekistan - Tashkent, yog qhov qub oasis hauv suab puam, qhov chaw hla mus rau txhua tus neeg taug kev ntawm txoj kev Silk nto moo. Lub nroog loj hlob sai thiab hloov nws cov tswv. Cov Suav hu nws tias Yuni, Persians - Chach, Arabs - Shash. Tab sis cov Turks muab lub nroog nws li ib txwm lub npe nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 9th. Txog rau tam sim no, cov seem ntawm cov nroog qub tau pom nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm niaj hnub Tashkent. Lawv feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub hav dej Yun. Keeb kwm ntawm Tashkent raws li lub nroog lag luam ua rau nws pom tau nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Cov tub lag luam nplua nuj thiab cov neeg txawj ntse nyob hauv nws.

Keeb kwm ntawm Tashkent los ntawm lub sijhawm qub tau muaj kev tsov rog thiab kev kov yeej:

  • Nyob rau xyoo 14-15th lub nroog yog ib feem ntawm Timur lub teb chaws Ottoman. Samarkand yog lub peev ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman.
  • Hauv xyoo pua 16th, Tashkent dhau mus rau Uzbek kav Sheibanid dynasty.
  • Xyoo 1586 cov Kazakhs tau kov yeej lub nroog.
  • Los ntawm 1557 txog 1598 Tashkent tau rov qab ua dua rau Uzbek dynasty ntawm Sheibanids, tus kav Abdul. Lub sijhawm no, thawj npib tshwm sim.
  • Los ntawm 1598 txog 1604, lub zog dhau mus rau Keldi Muhammad, uas tseem muab nws tus kheej npib.
  • Txij li xyoo 1630, lub nroog tau dhau mus rau Kazakh Khanate.
  • Nyob rau xyoo 1784, lub xeev Tashkent ywj pheej tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Yunus Khoja. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab nws tuag, thaj chaw no tau kov yeej los ntawm Kokand Khanate hauv 1807
  • Xyoo 1865, Tashkent hla tebchaws Lavxias tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua.

keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog

Tashkent tau los ua lub peev ntawm Uzbekistan tsuas yog xyoo 1930. Ua ntej ntawd, keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog Tashkent tau txuas nrog huab tais.hom. Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws sim txeeb tag nrho cov spheres ntawm lub neej ntawm kev sib hais haum, mus txog rau nws cov kev cai dab qhuas tivthaiv, uas ua rau ib tug ncaj ncees tawm tsam los ntawm cov pej xeem hauv zos. Twb tau nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, Leninist ideology poob rau Tashkent.

Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, ntau tus pej xeem Soviet tau khiav tawm mus rau hauv nroog, nrog rau cov chaw ua haujlwm, xinesmas thiab tag nrho cov nroj tsuag. Soviet kev vam meej tau sib xyaw nrog cov kab lis kev cai Muslim. Ntau txhiab xyoo keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg Esxias oasis tau sau nrog cov tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm kev ntseeg. Tashkent nyob hauv lub neej sib xyaw, thiab thaum nws tau los ua lub peev ntawm kev ywj pheej Uzbekistan xyoo 1991, lub nroog pib ua keeb kwm tshiab.

Cultural Tashkent

Muaj ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov tsev kawm txuj ci, nrog rau cov chaw ua yeeb yam, xinesmas thiab chaw ua si hauv Tashkent. Txhua yam tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub nroog kom muaj kev kawm zoo thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Muaj ntau tshaj 30 lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab ib leeg, suav nrog 7 lub tsev kawm tshawb fawb, 7 lub koom haum tub rog. Tab sis kuv xav tsom mus rau kev ua yeeb yam, muaj 12 ntawm lawv hauv nroog. Lawv yog cov chaw hauv kev coj noj coj ua, architectural monuments thiab muaj lawv cov dab neeg tshwj xeeb.

kev kawm ua yeeb yam
kev kawm ua yeeb yam
  • Ib qho chaw ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj tshaj plaws yog Bolshoi Opera thiab Ballet Theatre hu ua Alisher Navoi. tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1939. Nws uniqueness nyob rau hauv nws architectural qauv. Lub rau lub tsev ua yeeb yam muaj lawv tus kheej style, txhua tus uas qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Uzbekistan.
  • Uzbek National Academic Theatre. Lub tsev qub tshaj plaws, nrog 540 lub rooj zaum, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1914xyoo. Tam sim no nws tau raug kho dua tshiab, nws muaj lub dome loj loj nrog lub ntuj xiav duab, iav chandeliers muab nws lub ntsej muag majestic thiab luxurious.
  • Lub Chaw Ua Yeeb Yam Lavxias, tsim muaj xyoo 1934, kuj tau tsim kho dua xyoo 2001. Nws tau coj mus rau qhov zoo nkauj dua nrog lub ntsej muag iav.
  • Dramatic "Ilkhom" yog thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam ywj pheej hauv Uzbekistan. Nws tau tsim los ua ib qho kev sim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas Uzbek thiab tsis yog tsoomfwv txoj haujlwm.

museums

Hnub no muaj 22 lub tsev cia puav pheej hauv Tashkent. Xav txog qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntawm lawv:

Museum of History. Lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Uzbekistan hauv Tashkent yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo tshaj plaws thiab qub tshaj plaws hauv Central Asia. Ntau tshaj 250 txhiab qhov khoom pov thawj yuav qhia koj txog keeb kwm nplua nuj ntawm lub xeev! Ntawm no yog sau cov khoom rarest ntawm architecture, numismatics, tsev neeg cov khoom ntawm ancient civilizations. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Tashkent hnub no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv Uzbekistan. Nws feem ntau tuaj xyuas los ntawm cov qhua ntawm lub teb chaws zoo no

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Uzbekistan
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Uzbekistan
  • Lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Timurid Keeb Kwm hauv Tashkent. Qhov no yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej hluas, qhib rau kev hwm ntawm Amir Temur, uas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho Uzbekistan. Tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm tus kav zoo tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim ntawm no, lub tsev nws tus kheej tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oriental architecture ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.
  • Lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Art tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, pib nrog lub tsev zoo nkauj Oriental. Ntawm no yog ib qho kev sau loj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Txawv Tebchaws: Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, Is Nrias teb, Kaus Lim Kauslim, Iran. Kujtseem muaj ib tug Lavxias teb sab nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb sau ntawm 15-20 centuries.
  • Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Tashkent yuav txaus siab rau txhua tus saj. Cov neeg nyeem yuav pom qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Uzbek cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Alisher Navoi Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Cov Ntawv Sau. Ntawm no yog sau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab sab ntsuj plig kab lis kev cai ntawm tib neeg.
  • Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Kawm ntawm Xwm ntawm Uzbekistan yuav qhia nws cov neeg tuaj saib txog cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj hauv lub tebchaws, coj lawv mus rau thaj chaw thaj chaw hauv tebchaws thiab ua rau lawv tshee hnyo los ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev yos hav zoov mammoth.
  • Tsis tas li hauv Tashkent muaj lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm astronomy, cov tub rog, kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, yeeb yaj kiab Olympic, lub dav hlau thiab lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb ciav hlau.

Kev ntseeg Tashkent

Muab ib txhiab xyoo keeb kwm, ntau haiv neeg, kev sib xyaw ntawm eras thiab cov tub ceev xwm, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov kev cai dab qhuas zoo nkauj monuments yug hauv cov keeb kwm kev sib cav. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv:

Khazret Imam complex tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau lub sijhawm: Barakkhan madrasah - hauv 1532, thiab lub tuam tsev Muslim - hauv 2007. Lub complex tuaj yeem raug hu ua lub cim ntawm tag nrho Muslim ntiaj teb ntawm Tashkent

Khazret Imam Complex
Khazret Imam Complex
  • Ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug ntawm architectural monument yog Sheikhantaur Complex. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib tug memorial complex uas cov seem ntawm cov thawj coj loj ntawm Uzbekistan so nyob rau hauv mausoleums.
  • Yav dhau los, lub tsev kawm ntawv, lub fortress thiab caravanserai, Kukeldash Madrasah tam sim no yog lub chaw kab lis kev cai ntawm Tashkent.
  • Lub caij ntuj no-dawb mos mos Mosque tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2007, nws fascinates nrog nws fragility thiab orientalxim. Tam sim no nws yog lub tsev thov Vajtswv loj tshaj plaws, tsim rau 2400 tus neeg.
Mosque Minor
Mosque Minor
  • Nyob rau lub sijhawm tsarist, Assumption Cathedral tau tsim tsa hauv Tashkent. Lub tsev teev ntuj xiav daj tau raug kho dua tshiab hauv 90s.
  • Lub Koom Txoos Catholic - Lub Cathedral ntawm Lub Siab Dawb Huv ntawm Tswv Yexus yog keeb kwm monument. Lub tsev teev ntuj Gothic no txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm Oriental architecture.

kev lom zem

Ntxiv nrog rau kev cai dab qhuas monuments ntawm architecture, nrog rau cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov chaw ua yeeb yam, lub nroog muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas nyiam mus xyuas. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog Independence Square. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog, ntawm ib tug txawv txawv koov, lub Independence Monument sparkles, surrounded los ntawm cov dej txias.

Lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj Amir Temur Square zoo li lub tiaj ua si loj heev nrog cov ciav dej, cov monuments thiab cov nyom ntsuab.

Amir Temur Square
Amir Temur Square

Lub Palace ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Romanov yog lwm qhov kev nyiam nyob hauv plawv ntawm Tashkent. Lub palace tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, Art Nouveau style yog kom meej meej tawm ntawm tus cwj pwm architecture ntawm lub nroog. Lub tsev nyob ib puag ncig ntawm tsob ntoo ntsuab, tsis tuaj yeem tsis pom nws.

Alisher Navoi National Park tau qhib thaum lub sijhawm Soviet. Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub tiaj ua si koj yuav ntsib Stella nrog lub ntsej muag xiav xiav, nyob rau hauv uas lub monument ntawm tib lub npe tau raug tsa. Lub tiaj ua si tau tsim los rau kev lom zem thiab kev ua si ntawm cov pej xeem, nws tuaj yeem raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub nroog.

Modern Tashkent

Ntxiv rau cov tsev qub thiab keeb kwm ntawm tsarist, Soviet yav dhau los thiab keeb kwm yav dhau los,Tashkent tsis tuaj yeem hu ua thaum ub. Lub nroog ua raws li lub sijhawm. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev thauj mus los yog Tashkent metro. Ib lub subway zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Soviet Union tuaj yeem raug hu ua thaj chaw hauv zos.

Tashkent metro
Tashkent metro

Nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov kab lis kev cai oriental tsis muaj bazaar. Kev ua lag luam Chorsu tau txais lub thav duab niaj hnub, thaum tuav lub cim ntawm oriental architecture.

Bazaar hauv Tashkent
Bazaar hauv Tashkent

Peb tsis tuaj yeem xav txog peb lub neej tsis muaj TV tau ntev, thiab Tashkent TV Ntauwd ua rau peb nco txog qhov no. Tus pej thuam yog 375 meters siab thiab muaj ib lub lawj saib thiab ob lub tsev noj mov.

Chaw ua si dej yog lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub nroog. Muaj ntau tshaj kaum ntawm lawv nyob hauv lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Tashkent, nws yog tam sim no muaj peev xwm tiv nrog cov cua sov tas li nyob rau hauv ib tug qab ntxiag txoj kev.

Zoo kawg

Nyob rau hauv xaus, Kuv xav hais txog txoj hmoo nyuaj ntawm lub nroog, uas, txawm hais tias ntawm txhua yam, txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab txaus siab rau nws cov pej xeem nrog cov tiaj ua si ntsuab, kho cov mosques thiab cov tsev teev ntuj, rov qab txoj kev. Cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog yuav tsis hnov qab qhov av qeeg txaus ntshai xyoo 1966, uas ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroog puas tsuaj loj, tom qab ntawd nws siv sijhawm 3.5 xyoo los kho. Tsis tas li ntawd tsis nco qab yog qhov kev ua phem tawm tsam xyoo 1999, thaum 5 qhov kev tawg ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub nroog thiab kev thaj yeeb ntawm cov pejxeem. Cov neeg nco txog kev rhuav tshem ntawm cov vaj tsev monuments hauv xyoo 2009, qhov chaw niaj hnub tam sim no sawv, them se rau lawv cov thawj coj. Los ntawm cov hnub nyoog lub nroog tau sawv los ntawm ruins,ua kom zoo nkauj thiab nthuav.

Nov yog lub nroog tsim nyog mus ncig tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv koj lub neej. Txhawm rau kawm keeb kwm ntawm Tashkent, koj yuav tsum tuaj ntawm no ntev.

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