Paj huam yog ib hom kev ua yeeb yam. Feem ntau hais txog hom paj huam uas tsis siv cov lus txhua hnub. Qee zaum tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov lus tshwj xeeb uas siv cov kab lus tsis yog qauv.
Txawm hais tias tam sim no lub ntsiab lus ntawm "pauv" txhais tau tias yog ib hom kev kos duab, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj. Muaj ntau cov ntawv nyeem, piv txwv li, kev tshaj tawm, uas tsis yog kev kos duab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj tau sau ua lus paj huam.
Yav dhau los, tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm kos duab, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam, cov ntawv nyob deb tau sau ua paj huam. Cov qauv no tau siv los tsim cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov khoom siv rau cov ntawv xov xwm tshwj xeeb. Lawv tsis yog kev kos duab, tab sis raug tshem tawm ntawm kev hais lus txhua hnub.
Nyob paj huam
Muaj ntau hom lus paj huam - suab paj nruag, ntsuas, ntsuas thiab sib dhos. Lawv qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ib leeg tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
Rhythm yog kev sau ntawv uas npaj cov ntawv raws li qee yam. Cov yam ntxwv no txhais qhov systemKev txheeb xyuas, uas muaj ntau qhov chaw:
1. Free verse - text that is organised on the method of faib lus.
2. Cov kab ntawv xaj tau sib npaug raws li ntau yam cim, feem ntau yog suab.
3. Ib tug txheej txheem ntawm versification uas npaj cov ntawv nyeem raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yam ntxwv - qhov loj ntawm lub suab, lawv daim ntawv thiab hais lus. Tsis tas li, ntau nyob ntawm lub suab uas nqe lus tau hais.
Meter - ua ke ntawm cov lus muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog rau hauv cov ntawv sib haum xeeb. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog iambic, trochee, anapaest, dactyl thiab lwm yam.
Poetic loj - ib qho ntawm ntau hom 'meter'. Nws tsis muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb caesura, thiab tseem muaj qhov xaus, uas tseem hu ua clauses.
Rhyme - yog hais txog kev ua yeeb yam ntau dua. Hom paj huam no yog ua los ntawm kev sib txuas cov kab ntawv hauv suab. Lub suab ntawm cov kab sib txawv tuaj yeem ua ke. Consonance tuaj yeem yog ob kab lossis plaub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tsim ob lub suab sib dhos - sab nraud. Nws txuas cov kab thawj thiab kawg ntawm ntu. Internal rhyme txuas cov kab sab hauv. Hom kab lus no tseem hu ua quatrain.
paj huam txhais - tsom xam
Yog tias peb coj ua piv txwv ua haujlwm xws li paj huam lossis lus hais, ces siv lus sib dhos. Nws tsim lub suab tshwj xeeb rau daim.
Muaj ntau hom paj huam. Cov no suav nrog "dawb" verses uas tsis siv rhymes, tab sis kuj muaj lawv tus kheej lub suab tshwj xeeb.
Nyob rau hauv scientifictreatises poetic style muab lawv lub suab tsim nyog. Koj puas tau pom ib tsab xov xwm tshawb fawb sau ua lus dawb? Lawv siv cov lus nyuaj uas tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb.
Raws li koj tau pom, lub ntsiab lus ntawm paj huam raws li ib zaj paj huam tsis yog ib txwm raug.
Paj huam hauv xov xwm thiab tshaj tawm
Raws li tau hais los saum no, hom kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm.
Nws siv li cas hauv kev sau ntawv? Ntau tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm lawv cov ntawv nyeem tau ntev heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias kev muag khoom nyob ntawm nws. Lawv sim siv cov style ntawm kev sau ntawv uas haum rau lawv cov neeg tuaj saib. Nws tseem tuaj yeem hu ua paj huam. Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv kev sau xov xwm nws tau siv zoo ib yam.
Raws li qhov no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias tus qauv txhais ntawm "paj huam" tsis raug, tab sis qhov tseeb, nws muaj tseeb rau txhua daim ntawv thov.
Keeb Kwm
Nyob thaum ub, muaj ob peb hom paj huam. Yog tias peb siv sijhawm ntev, paj huam tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau daim duab kos duab.
Ib qho ntawm thawj qhov ua pov thawj yog cov nkauj ntawm bards hauv Ancient Rome, cov lus dab neeg ntawm Magi hauv Ancient Russia. Cov nkauj ntawm skalds hauv Scandinavia thiab Celtic pab pawg kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
