Strait of Malacca (Malay Ave.) hla ntawm thaj chaw loj ntawm thaj av - Malay Peninsula thiab cov kob ntawm Sumatra. Nws yog txoj kev hiav txwv qub tshaj plaws ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias teb.
Malacca Strait nyob qhov twg
Nyob nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia, koom nrog Malacca (Malay) Peninsula nrog cov kob ntawm Sumatra.
Lub Strait ntawm Malacca txuas rau Indian thiab Pacific Oceans (South China Sea). Nws ntev yog 1,000 kilometers, nws dav dav yog 40 kilometers, thiab nws qhov tob tsis tshaj 25 meters.
Nkauj sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub tuaj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov Islands tuaj nyob rau lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Thaib teb. Tus so ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv belongs rau Malaysia, thiab cov kob ntawm Sumatra belongs rau Indonesia. Cov Islands tuaj loj tshaj plaws ntawm Strait ntawm Malacca: Phuket, Penang, Langkawi.
Nyob hauv lub npe
Lub strait feem ntau yuav tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm Malacca Sultanate, uas nws lub hwj chim tau txuas ntxiv ntawm no. Txawm hais tias qhov kev cuam tshuam no tau siv sijhawm tsawg dua ib puas xyoo - los ntawm 1414 txog 1511. Raws li lwm txoj kev xav, lub npe los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Melaka, tam sim no lub nroog Malacca hauv Malaysia.
History Pages
ThaumCov neeg European thawj zaug tuaj xyuas ntawm no, lawv xav tsis thoob ntawm qhov tsim cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Strait of Malacca. Lawv nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev ua tsis zoo rau cov neeg nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm trading kev ua si thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb thiab zoo ntawm shipyards. Xyoo 1511, cov Portuguese tau tsim lawv lub hwj chim ntawm no, kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th lawv tswj tau lub strait, tsis cia lub Malacca Sultanate ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, cov Dutch tsim lawv tus kheej ntawm no. Cov neeg Askiv (rau lawv yog cov neeg sib tw) sim rhuav tshem lawv. Cov rog tau kwv yees li qub, thiab cov neeg hauv paus txawm tsis txhawb nqa ib lossis lwm qhov. Yog li ntawd, ib puas xyoo nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej hiav txwv kuj nyob ntsiag to, tsis muaj ib tug loj skirmishes. Nws tsis paub ntev npaum li cas qhov kev tswj hwm no yuav txuas ntxiv yog tias tsis yog rau kev tsov rog ntawm Napoleon, uas nyob hauv Holland thaum tig ntawm 18th thiab 19th centuries. England tau coj kom zoo dua ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab ntes tau qhov chaw nres nkoj thiab nws cov chaw nres nkoj, suav nrog Singapore. Xyoo 1824, Malacca Sultanate kuj tau pib suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv, qhov twg nws tseem nyob txog xyoo 1957. Tshwj tsis yog, tau kawg, tsis suav cov haujlwm los ntawm Nyij Pooj thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Colonization tau coj mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev lag luam no. Nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab cov teb chaws Asia, Middle East, thiab America.
Dab tsi txuas rau Strait ntawm Malacca. Shipping
Txoj kab no nqaim heev, nws qhov dav ncav cuag 3 km hauv qee qhov chaw, tab sis nws ntev (1000 mais) thiab tseem ceeb heev. Kev txav mus los yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau lub shoals nyob rau hauv nws, thiab reefs lurk hauv qee qhov chaw. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Strait ntawm Malacca tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov xwm txheej ntawm Suez thiab Panama Canals. Ntawm no dhautxoj kev hiav txwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj saib daim ntawv qhia, uas dej hiav txwv Strait ntawm Malacca txuas, koj tsis tuaj yeem pab tab sis txaus siab rau nws qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov no yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov lus qhia. Ntawm no muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm peb lub xeev loj - Indonesia, Is Nrias teb, Tuam Tshoj. 50,000 lub nkoj rau ntau lub hom phiaj hla lub Strait ntawm Malacca ib xyoos, lawv cov lej qee zaum nce mus txog 900 nyob rau ib hnub, thiab lwm yam, ferries khiav ntawm no. Lub Strait ntawm Malacca yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, kev thauj mus los ntawm no muab 20-25 feem pua ntawm kev lag luam maritime. Roj yog thauj los ntawm Iran thiab lwm lub tebchaws ntawm Persian Gulf mus rau Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv thiab ntau lub xeev ntawm East Asia. Qhov no yog 11 lab thoob ib hnub thiab 25 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj kub dub. Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov xeev no tau nce mus tas li, thiab yog li ntawd cov khoom thauj ntawm lub strait tau nce.
Obstacles rau navigation
Piracy tau nyob ntawm no ntau pua xyoo. Nws thiaj li tshwm sim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub strait no nws ib txwm coj ib tug loj nyiaj tau los thiab, ntawm lwm yam, yog ib tug nom tswv cuab tam. Thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm, lub strait tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev tawm tsam rau lub zog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia.
Raws li tau hais lawm, Strait ntawm Malacca tseem ceeb heev rau kev lag luam, muaj kev thauj mus los. Vim li no, muaj kev hem thawj loj ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm pirates ntawm no, yog li ntawm no tsoomfwv ntawm Indonesia, Singapore thiab Malaysia raug yuam kom ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm Malacca Strait. Kev uaCov neeg ua phem tuaj yeem txwv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, vim qhov no nws txaus los ua rau lub nkoj loj hauv qhov chaw me.
Lwm qhov teeb meem yog pa luam yeeb. Txij li thaum hav zoov hluav taws feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov kob ntawm Sumatra, qhov pom tau raug txo qis ib ntus. Tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev rau shipping.
Environmental Issues
Lub Strait ntawm Malacca yog ib qho chaw nplua nuj nyob hauv ntau hom tsiaj thiab tsiaj hauv ntiaj teb cov dej hiav txwv. Lub reefs yog lub tsev rau 36 ntau hom pob zeb corals. Txij li thaum muaj coob tus tankers nrog roj dhau los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj txhua hnub, tsim muaj kev hem thawj loj rau ib puag ncig. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj heev, vim qee qhov chaw hauv qhov strait yog qhov nqaim heev thiab txaus ntshai.
Ntawm Philips Chenel, tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Singapore, nws tsuas yog 3 km dav. Thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam pirate feem ntau ua rau nws tsis paub tseeb. Xyoo 1993, lub nkoj Danish tau poob ntawm no, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sib tsoo no tseem tsis tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov pa luam yeeb kuj tseem ceeb heev, vim nws cuam tshuam rau kev pom.
Nyob rau ib qho shortcut
Thaib tau tsim cov phiaj xwm los txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm Strait of Malacca. Ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim yog kom luv txoj kev hiav txwv los ntawm txoj kev strait ua tsaug rau lub isthmus ntawm Kra. Yog li ntawd nws muaj peev xwm txo tau txoj kev los ntawm hiav txwv los ntawm 960 kilometers. Yog li ntawd, ntawm lwm yam, nws muaj peev xwm hla dhau lub cais tawm-minded Muslim lub xeev ntawm Pattani. Tab sis qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nqi nyiaj txiag thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig tau txais los ntawm kev ua raws li lub tswv yim no.
Qhov kev thov thib ob yog los tsim cov kav dej hla dej kom tso cov roj hla lub isthmus. Muaj kev npaj yuav tsim ob lub chaw ua haujlwm roj ntxiv hauv Malaysia. Lub raj xa dej yuav ntev 320 mais thiab yuav tsum txuas ob lub xeev Malaysian. Cov roj los ntawm Middle East yuav ua tiav ntawm cov refineries, ces pumped los ntawm Kedah mus rau Kelantan. Thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd, thauj mus rau cov nkoj thauj khoom thiab caij nkoj hla ntawm Strait of Malacca thiab Singapore.
