Lub xeev oxidation yog tus nqi them nqi ntawm ib qho atom ntawm ib lub caij hauv molecule. Lub tswv yim no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv inorganic chemistry, tsis muaj kev nkag siab nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, hom kev sib cog lus hauv cov molecules, tshuaj thiab lub cev ntawm cov khoom. Yuav kom nkag siab tias lub xeev oxidation yog dab tsi, koj yuav tsum xub xyuas seb lub atom nws tus kheej muaj li cas thiab nws coj li cas thaum cuam tshuam nrog nws tus kheej.
Raws li koj paub, lub atom muaj protons, neutrons thiab electrons. Protons thiab electrons, tseem hu ua nucleons, tsim cov nucleus zoo, tsis zoo electrons tig ncig nws. Tus nqi zoo ntawm lub nucleus yog sib npaug los ntawm tag nrho cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm cov electrons. Yog li ntawd, lub atom yog nruab nrab.
Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj qee theem ntawm lub zog, uas txiav txim siab qhov sib thooj ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub nucleus: qhov ze rau lub nucleus, lub zog tsawg dua. Lawv muab tso rau hauv txheej. Cov electrons ntawm ib txheej muaj yuav luag tib lub zog cia thiab tsim ib theem zog lossis ib txheej hluav taws xob. Cov electrons nyob rau hauv lub zog sab nraud tsis muaj zog heev khi rau lub nucleus, yog li lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau sab nrauv los ntawmib mus rau plaub electrons, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, raws li txoj cai, pub electrons, thiab cov uas muaj tsib mus rau xya electrons txais.
Tseem muaj cov tshuaj hu ua inert gases, nyob rau hauv uas lub zog sab nrauv muaj yim electrons - tus lej siab tshaj plaws. Lawv xyaum tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li, ib qho atom zoo li "ua tiav" nws txheej txheej electron mus txog rau yim electrons xav tau. Kuv tuaj yeem tau txais cov uas ploj lawm qhov twg? Lwm cov atoms.
Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub ntsiab lus uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua "siv" cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub caij nrog qis electronegativity. Lub electronegativity ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov electrons nyob rau theem valence thiab lub zog ntawm lawv cov kev nyiam rau lub nucleus. Rau ib lub caij uas tau coj cov electrons, tag nrho cov nqi tsis zoo yuav ntau dua li qhov zoo ntawm cov nucleus, thiab rau lub caij uas tau muab ib qho hluav taws xob, rov ua dua. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug compound ntawm sulfur oxide SO, oxygen, uas muaj ib tug high electronegativity, yuav siv sij hawm 2 electrons los ntawm leej faj thiab tau txais ib tug tsis zoo nqi, thaum leej faj, tshuav tsis muaj ob electrons, tau txais ib tug zoo nqi. Hauv qhov no, lub xeev oxidation ntawm oxygen yog sib npaug rau lub xeev oxidation ntawm leej faj, coj nrog cov cim qhia. Lub xeev oxidation yog sau nyob rau sab xis sab xis ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj. Hauv peb qhov piv txwv, nws zoo li qhov no: S+2O-2.
Cov piv txwv saum toj no yog qhov yooj yim dua. Qhov tseeb, sab nrauv electronsib lub atom yeej tsis tau pauv mus rau lwm tus, lawv tsuas yog ua "ib txwm", yog li ntawd, oxidation xeev ntawm cov ntsiab lus ib txwm tsawg dua li qhia hauv phau ntawv.
Tab sis kom yooj yim nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj, qhov tseeb no tsis quav ntsej.
