"Cov lus zoo thiab muaj zog Lavxias teb sab" - Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev tau hais nyob rau niaj hnub no. Thiab nws yog kiag li thiab tiag tiag. Tej zaum, tsis muaj lwm yam lus hauv ntiaj teb no ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau thaum kawm txawv teb chaws. Nws nyuaj npaum li cas rau lawv kom tau siv rau qhov tseeb tias peb cov lus raug faib los ntawm poj niam txiv neej, inclined los ntawm rooj plaub. Yog lawm, txawm tias cov neeg Lavxias lawv tus kheej feem ntau ua ntau yam yuam kev. Ib qho nyuaj ntawm peb cov lus yog sau "vim". Cia peb nkag siab thiab nco ntsoov txoj cai kom peb tsis txhob yuam kev ntxiv lawm thiab ua neeg nyeem.
"vim" yog dab tsi?
Rau qhov pib, kom paub meej, koj yuav tsum paub thiab nco ntsoov qhov twg ntawm cov lus hais cov kab lus uas peb tab tom txiav txim siab yog. Yog li, "vim" yog hais txog ib pawg ntawm kev sib txuas. Lwm cov piv txwv ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke tuaj yeem yog cov kab lus xws li "vim", "vim qhov tseeb", "vim qhov tseeb", "vim qhov tseeb". Thiab los ntawm qhov pom ntawm grammatical, "vim" yog ib txwm sau cais, txij li nws muaj obcov lus ywj pheej nyob hauv ib lub union. Qhov no yuav tsum nco ntsoov. Yog tias ib tug neeg sim ua pov thawj rau koj tias "vim" yog hyphenated, koj tuaj yeem nres tham nrog tus neeg ntawd.
Vim li cas qhov yuam kev tshwm sim?
Feem ntau, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib qho kev xav, tib neeg tsis meej pem cov lus "-ib yam dab tsi" thiab cais "dab tsi". Piv txwv li, "vim li ntawd" yog sau nrog ib tug hyphen. Thiab cov ntawv sau "vim" tsis muaj nyob hauv cov lus Lavxias.
Ib tug neeg txawj ntse hais txog cov lus Lavxias yuav pom tau tias lo lus "vim" pom los ntawm pob ntseg yog ob lo lus sau tau peb lo lus. Qhov no tshwm sim li cas, koj nug. Tam sim no peb yuav teb, peb yuav hais. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub ntsiab lus, cov kab lus hloov mus ua ib tug ua ke ntawm ib tug preposition, ib tug pronoun thiab ib tug conjunction. Piv txwv li, "Koj tuaj yeem qhia dab tsi txog tus poj niam los ntawm qhov nws nqa hauv nws lub hnab nyiaj?". Hauv qhov no, ib yam nkaus, muaj rooj plaub ntawm preposition, pronoun thiab union. Lwm qhov piv txwv: "Raws li qhov nws pom, muaj kev cia siab tias lawv yuav rov qab los ua ke."
ob los peb lo lus?
Yuav txiav txim siab li cas hauv kab lus nrog "vim" nws sau ob lo lus lossis "vim" - hauv peb? Txhua yam yog yooj yim. Yog tias koj nug lo lus nug "vim li cas?", thiab kab lus teb nws cov laj thawj, ces koj yuav tsum sau ob lo lus. Yog hais tias cov lus teb yog illogical kiag li, ces muaj ib rooj plaub ntawm kev sau ntawv nyob rau hauv peb lo lus. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv peb cov piv txwvlo lus "vim" kuj yog ib lub koomhaum nyuaj, cov ntawv sau uas yuav tsum tau muab ncua rau hauv koj lub cim xeeb.
Semantic functions
Hauv cov kab lus nyuaj, lub koomhaum "vim" muab cov subordinate ib feem ntawm kab lus nrog lub ntsiab. Yog hais tias muaj no union, ces kab lus yog complex. Hauv kab lus nrog "vim" yeej ib txwm muaj kev sib raug zoo. Piv txwv:
- Nws dag koj thiab nws tsuas yog vim nws ntshai lub luag haujlwm xwb.
- Kuv tsis tau siv los hloov kuv lub sijhawm vim kuv nyiam qhov tseeb ntawm txhua yam.
Cov ntawv sau tsis yooj yim li nws zoo li
Kev sau ntawv, kev siv tus lej cim tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj: "vim" tsis yog ib qho yooj yim ntawm cov cim. Yuav muab tso ua ntej lub koomhaum lossis hauv nws? Peb pom zoo tias nws nyuaj, tab sis koj tuaj yeem nkag siab txhua yam.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov twg lub comma yuav raug txiav txim los ntawm tus sau ntawm lub tswv yim. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm seb lub hom phiaj nws ua raws li nws cov lus. Wb sib piv:
- "Nws nyiam txhua tus neeg nyiam vim nws hais lus zoo thiab ua siab zoo rau txhua tus neeg tam sim no." Ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim.
- "Kuv tsis tau dev vim kuv muaj kev fab tshuaj." Ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov laj thawj.
Thaum lub koomhaum faib ua ib nrab, qhov "vim" yog hais txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kab lus nyuaj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau yam xwm txheej thaum lub koomhaum yuav tsum tau muab faib ua ob ntu.
1. Yog tias muaj qhov "tsis" ua ntej lub koomhaum.
Nws hlub nws tsis yog vim nws yog tus tshaj plawstus txiv neej zoo nkauj tuaj saib nws
2. Yog hais tias lub union ua ntej los ntawm ib tug particle uas ua ib tug limiting, ntxiv zog muaj nuj nqi.
Nws tsuas tuaj koom lub rooj sib tham xwb vim nws muaj txiaj ntsig rau nws lub koob npe nrov
3. Yog hais tias muaj lus qhia los yog kev tsim kho ua ntej lub union.
Ekaterina lig rau lub rooj sib tham, tej zaum vim nws xaiv tsis tau hnav
4. Yog tias "vim" suav nrog ntau qhov sib npaug lossis cov tswvcuab homogeneous ntawm kab lus.
Kuv nyob tsis tau kuv tsev neeg vim lawv pab txhawb nqa thiab vim kuv hlub lawv heev
Nco ntsoov tsis txhob faib cov kev sib txuas ua ke yog tias nws siv thaum pib ntawm kab lus. Piv txwv li:
- Vim nws pheej yig dua ntawm no.
- Vim kuv tso tseg.
- Vim nws xav lwm yam.
Yog li, piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias yog kab lus tsom mus rau qhov laj thawj, ces tus lej muab tso ua ntej "dab tsi". Yog hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim, ces ib qho comma ua ntej "vim."
Kev nyeem ntawv ib txwm muaj nuj nqis, yog li tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev rov ua dua ntawm cov cai ntawm Lavxias. Tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob tias peb muaj cov lus pov thawj hauv peb qhov loj thiab muaj zog. Koj puas nco qab tias "repetition is the mother of learning"?
