Chlorine dioxide, los yog ClO2, yog ib qho inorganic compound ntawm cov tshuaj Cl (chlorine) nrog cov tshuaj O (oxygen). Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav txiav txim siab cov tshuaj no kom meej meej, thiab tseem nrhiav seb nws siv qhov twg, nws tau txais li cas hauv chav kuaj thiab kev lag luam, nws cuam tshuam rau lub cev li cas.
Dab tsi yog dioxide? Qhov txawv ntawm dioxide thiab oxide
Ntau tus tub ntxhais kawm poob qhov pom ntawm lo lus "dioxide", vim hais tias hauv kev tshawb fawb xws li chemistry, lub tswv yim no twb dhau los lawm. Lo lus "dioxide" tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv phau ntawv, phau ntawv thiab hauv Is Taws Nem, tab sis qee lub tsev kawm twb tau tso tseg lawm.
Yog li, peb txhua tus paub tias oxide yog dab tsi. Ib qho oxide yog ib qho sib xyaw ntawm cov pa oxygen (O) nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj electronegative tsawg dua. ClO2 kuj yog oxide. Dioxide feem ntau hu ua ib qho chaw uas muaj ob lub O atoms.
Yog koj hnov lo lus "dioxide", nws txhais tau hais tias muaj ob lub pa atoms nyob rau hauv cov compound no. Qhov no yuav pab koj sau cov tshuaj formula ntawm cov compound kom raug.
Lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov teeb meem
Chlorine dioxide yog cov khoom siv roj av uas muaj ntxhiab tsw thiab xim liab-daj. Tab sis ntawm qhov kub qis dua 10 degrees Celsius, cov tshuaj hloov nws lub xeev ntawm kev sib sau ua ke thiab hloov mus rau hauv cov kua liab-xim av. Explodes thaum cua sov. Nws dissolves zoo heev thiab sai sai hauv dej. Nws sib tov zoo heev thiab yaj hauv qee cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li acetic thiab sulfuric acids. Lub melting point yog -59 degrees Celsius, thaum nws boiling point tsuas yog 9.7 degrees Celsius.
lab tsim tawm
Hnub no, tsuas yog ib txoj hauv kev tau txais cov tshuaj chlorine dioxide hauv chav kuaj yog siv - los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm potassium chlorate (KClO 3) nrog oxalic acid, uas muaj cov mis H 2C2O4. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ClO2 raug tso tawm, nrog rau dej thiab sodium oxalate.
Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ClO2 lwm txoj. Muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Cov nroj tsuag chlorine dioxide yog cov qauv kev tshawb fawb muaj txiaj ntsig. Xws li kev teeb tsa muaj ib chav tswj, lub reactor, twj tso kua mis rau kev hloov ntau yam reagents mus rau lub reactor, nrog rau ntau yam li qub thiab li qub. Sulfuric acid, sodium chloride thiab sodium chlorate daws yog siv kom tau ClO 2. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov tshuaj chlorine dioxide.
Kev tsim khoom los ntawm txoj kev lag luam
ClO2 cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm paub tsim kev lag luam. Rau qhov no, txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm uas sodium chlorate txo nrog sulfur dioxide. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, chlorine dioxide raug tso tawm, uas peb tau ua tiav, nrog rau sodium hydrogen sulfate.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Chlorine dioxide muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb. ClO2 yog cov kua qaub oxide (nws nthuav tawm cov kua qaub thiab kuj tsim cov kua qaub acidic). Thaum cov tshuaj chlorine dioxide yaj hauv dej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis sib haum tshwm sim, uas yog, cov kua qaub xws li chloric thiab chloride yog tsim. Yog hais tias chlorine oxide nws tus kheej tawg nyob rau hauv lub teeb, ces nws cov kev daws teeb meem yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti, tab sis tsis txhob tawg nyob rau hauv lub teeb, tab sis decompose qeeb heev.
ClO2 nyob rau hauv ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv nws coj li nruab nrab-lub zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev, reacts nrog ntau lub tebchaw ntawm organic chemistry.
Daim ntawv thov
Chlorine dioxide, kev siv uas muaj ntau thoob ntiaj teb, tam sim no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj no ua raws li cov tshuaj bleach. Chlorine oxide yog siv, tshwj xeeb, rau cov khoom siv tshuaj dawb xws li ntawv, hmoov, thiab lwm yam.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj ClO 2 yog suav tias yog los ntawm cov kws tshuaj los ua ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tias yog vim li cas nws yog feem ntau siv rau sterilization thiab tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Nws tua cov kab mob ua rau microbes los ntawm oxidizing, vim qhov tseeb tias nws yog nruab nrab oxidizer. Chlorine dioxide, siv cov uas, ua tsaug rau cov kua qaubCov cuab yeej tau nce, tam sim no yog ib qho khoom tseem ceeb.
Cov tshuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ncaj ncees vim tias muaj ob peb yam tshuaj tua kab mob kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Kev tua kab mob siv ClO2 yog qhov nyab xeeb rau peb ib puag ncig. Txog niaj hnub no, gaseous thiab kua Cl yog siv los ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tua cov dej. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, vim muaj teeb meem ib puag ncig, lawv siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws - chlorine dioxide. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj chlorine ntshiab, paub rau peb ClO2 tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj chlorination nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj.
Dej tua kab mob nrog cov tshuaj chlorine yuav tsum tsis yog qaug cawv xwb, tab sis kuj siv los ntxuav cov tawv nqaij. Tab sis chlorine dioxide tau pab daws qhov teeb meem no: nws muaj kev nyab xeeb heev, vim nws tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj chlorination.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm chlorine dioxide rau lub cev
Chlorine dioxide, nws cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev tau kawm los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntau xyoo lawm. Tam sim no cov tshuaj no nquag siv hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, ua ib qho ntxiv E926. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntau E additives muaj teeb meem heev, thiab tsis tshua paub txog lawv rau tib neeg, cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom. Qee cov additives tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis qee qhov tshwj xeeb yog txaus ntshai. Cov tshuaj chlorine dioxide tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab: nws muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev, tsis xav tau, tab sis tib lub sijhawm cov tshuaj no tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev,Tsis zoo li niaj hnub no cov neeg nyiam monosodium glutamate.
Thaum noj zaub mov uas muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv no, hnoos tuaj yeem tshwm sim, qee zaum muaj zog thiab ntev, khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob hawb pob. Kev nqus cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws.
Chlorine dioxide yog ib yam khoom zoo nkauj uas cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm ntau pua xyoo lawm. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab nyab xeeb (tau kawg, tsuas yog thaum siv kom raug).
