Lub tswv yim ntawm "hlau" yog ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov kev xav los ntawm txhua tus. Hlau, nyiaj, kub, tooj liab, txhuas. Cov npe no niaj hnub nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm, yog li ob peb tus neeg yuav nug cov lus nug ntawm cov hlau yog dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis raug mob kom kawm txog cov hlau dab tsi los ntawm qhov pom ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab kws kho mob, yog tias koj xav kom muaj cov duab zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb hauv koj lub taub hau. Thiab rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev paub txog cov ncauj lus no, nws yuav tsis mob kom kawm txog lwm pab pawg - tsis yog hlau thiab metalloids. Cov khoom siv hlau thiab tsis yog hlau yog dab tsi?
Yog nco tsis tau
Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau zoo li tsis meej pem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas tsis nco qab zoo hauv tsev kawm ntawv chemistry chav kawm, yog li cia peb mloog zoo rau cov khoom tsis yog hlau, thiab hlau, raws li, yuav tsum suav hais tias yog qhov sib txawv. Tsis muaj dab tsi txaj muag nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias koj tsis nco qab, nws nyuaj rau tib neeg lub hlwb khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub siab,uas tsis xav tau txhua hnub. Yog li, cia peb sau cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau thiab tawm tswv yim rau lawv kom nkag siab ntau dua.
Tsis muaj cua sov, tsis muaj hluav taws xob
Cov tsis yog hlau ua hluav taws xob thiab cua sov ntau dua li cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, lub mug ceramic, thawj zaug, tuav cov cua sov zoo dua li lub khob hlau, thiab qhov thib ob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kub hnyiab ntawm cov mug yog tsawg dua li ntawm tub rog lub khob hlau. Thiab nco ntsoov, raws li kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb, nws tsis tuaj yeem rub tus neeg cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tam sim no siv cov khoom siv hlau. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv tsob ntoo, cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv cov ntoo yog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau. Cov cuab yeej ntawm cov hlau yog ua kom zoo tam sim no, cov khoom tsis yog hlau muaj xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
Fragility lossis plasticity
Cov tshuaj dawb huv los ntawm cov hlau tsis yog feem ntau yog nkig los yog feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom hauv lub xeev ntawm cov hmoov. Cov hlau yog malleable, lawv tuaj yeem nqa cov ntaub ntawv khov tsis zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab qhov kub thiab txias (qhov zoo no yog siv hauv qhov chaw tsim khoom). Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua cov hlau tsis zoo li ntawd. Cov hlau tsis muaj feem ntau, txawm tias lawv tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim, tseem muaj qhov ceev tsis tshua muaj thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov.
Table as a map of area
Yog tias koj "mus" dhau ntawm lub rooj ntu ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis, koj yuav pom tseeb tias cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau nce ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis. Helium yog qhov loj tshaj "zoo heev uas tsis yog hlau". Tab sis yog tias koj mus rau hauv lub rooj, ces cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau ploj mus. Cov hlau tau dhau los ua nruj heevraws li koj mus rau hauv lub rooj zaum. Yog li, raws li daim ntawv teev sijhawm, ib tus tuaj yeem kwv yees cov khoom ntawm cov khoom yooj yim uas muaj cov atom ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom "hauv nruab nrab" hu ua metalloids thiab feem ntau siv hauv hluav taws xob engineering ua semiconductors.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau
Tsis muaj qhov dav rau txhua yam tsis yog hlau. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej "specialization", vim hais tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog xim hlau txawv. Inert gases yog siv rau kev tshaj tawm sab nraum zoov, selenium yog siv rau toners hauv kev lag luam luam ntawv, sulfur yog siv rau kev sib tw. Peb niaj hnub ntsib nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj derivatives ntawm non-metals.
Yog li, cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau, zoo li cov hlau nplaum, tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. Thiab cov qauv no yog qhov nthuav heev, vim hais tias lub rooj tseem tuav ntau qhov tsis pom kev zais cia uas tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb saib deb mus rau yav dhau los, thiab tej zaum yuav mus rau yav tom ntej. Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm metalloids yog qhov nthuav tshwj xeeb.
