Hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nrog rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab, tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev kawm yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm qee cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv tsab xov xwm no kuv xav tham txog ib qho ntawm lawv. Nws yuav yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv kawm yog dab tsi.
Definition of concept
Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum tau txhais cov ntsiab lus uas yuav siv rau hauv kab lus no. Lub ntsiab yog cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Needless hais, qhov no yog ib tug official ntaub ntawv. Nws lub hom phiaj: txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev kawm, nrog rau cov sij hawm faib rau lawv txoj kev kawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv kawm yuav sau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov sij hawm los ntawm ib lub lim tiam, kev tawg ntawm cov sij hawm no mus rau ntau hom chav kawm (rau cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab): kev qhuab qhia, kev sib tham, kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj. Ib qho tseem ceeb: cov ntaub ntawv kawm tau muab tso ua ke thiab pom zoo los ntawm Ministry of Education.
Yog li, nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog qhov nthuav dav ntxiv tias cov ntaub ntawv kawm tau sau li cas.
- Daim ntawv no txiav txim siab lub sijhawm ntev (xyoo, semester) faib rau kev kawm ntawm cov ncauj lus no. Cov hnub so kuj tau sau tseg.
- Daim ntawv qhia muaj ib daim ntawv teev cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws nyeem rau cov tub ntxhais kawm.
- Txhua yam khoom yuavmuaj koj tus kheej tawg ua cov sij hawm (lawv tus lej tag nrho; cov sij hawm faib rau kev qhuab qhia, kev sib tham, kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj).
- sijhawm ua haujlwm: lub npe ntawm chav kawm, qhia txog cov lej tshwj xeeb, kos npe ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas lees paub cov ntaub ntawv.
Nuances
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv kawm raug suav ua ib zaug txhua 5 xyoos. Nws xav tau kev hloov pauv tsuas yog tias tau hloov kho los ntawm Ministry of Education lossis los ntawm lub tuam tsev nws tus kheej. Txhua xyoo, yuav tsum tau kos ib daim ntawv qhia ua haujlwm, uas yuav muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv txog ib qho kev kawm.
Cov lus pom zoo tshaj plaws
Nws tsim nyog hais tias txhua yam kev kawm thiab cov kev kawm yuav tsum raug kos raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus uas Ministry of Education tau sau tseg. Yog li, thaum sau lawv, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Cov ntaub ntawv kawm yuav tsum raug kos raws li cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no: GOS VPO thiab OOP (cov no yog cov qauv kev kawm uas yog cov ntaub ntawv raug cai).
- Txhua yam kev qhuab qhia tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj qhov ntim uas tau tswj los ntawm tus qauv kev kawm.
- Txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm ua haujlwm - kuaj, ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm, ua haujlwm nraaj, paub daws teeb meem, nrog rau lub sijhawm lees paub (kev xeem lossis kev xeem) - suav nrog cov sijhawm dav dav rau kev kawm ntawm ib qho kev kawm.
- Qee lub tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsoomfwv cov kev qhuab qhia yeej ib txwm tsis hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, pes tsawg teev mob siab rau lub cevkab lis kev cai - txhua lub sijhawm.
Ntse
Thaum sau cov ntaub ntawv kawm (2014-2015) rau cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev kawm uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum xeem dhau lub xyoo yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 10 qhov kev xeem thiab 12 qhab nia. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias lub tuam tsev tuaj yeem hloov qee cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim siab:
- Txhim cov sij hawm faib rau kev kawm ntawm ib qho kev kawm (yuav tsum tau nyob hauv 5-10%).
- Kev ywj pheej tsim cov voj voog ntawm txoj kev npaj, thaum tawm hauv lub voj voog ntawm cov kev qhuab qhia ib nrab tsis zoo (qhov no yuav suav nrog keeb kwm, kev xav thiab lwm yam kev kawm uas yuav tsum tau kawm los ntawm txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm, tsis hais tshwj xeeb).
- Txhua tus kws qhia ntawv tuaj yeem tsim tus kws sau ntawv cov kev kawm ntawm cov kev qhuab qhia nyeem tau, thaum pom zoo rau qee lub sijhawm rau lawv txoj kev kawm (lub tuam tsev yuav tsum coj cov lus pom zoo no rau hauv tus account).
- Kev faib cov sij hawm rau hauv kev kawm ntawm ib lossis lwm yam kev kawm los ntawm lub voj voog ntawm kev qhuab qhia tshwj xeeb rau ib lub tuam tsev tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tuam tsev, tab sis nws yuav tsum muaj ntau txaus rau kev kawm tag nrho. lub ntsiab lus.
Custom plan
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev yog cov ntaub ntawv kawm tus kheej. Nws tau muab tso ua ke rau ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb uas kawm raws li qhov tshwj xeeb, tus kheej. Rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, qhov no tshwm sim tau vim muaj mob, thaum tus menyuam kawm ntawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm lossis so haujlwm so.
Principles
Nws tsim nyog hais tias tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv kawm yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
- Nws yog muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev kawm dav dav, uas yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv yam tsis poob.
- Nyob hauv tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv kawm, kev hloov pauv raug tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv kawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv 5-10%.
- Nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv rau txoj kev npaj tsuas yog hauv ntu thib peb (kev qhuab qhia hauv kev tshwj xeeb), kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm.
Ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv kawm ib txwm muaj thiab ib tus neeg raug kaw nrog ib txheej kos npe thiab yuav tsum muaj lub foob ntub dej. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntaub ntawv kawm raug suav hais tias yog cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, raws li cov txheej txheem kev kawm tuaj yeem ua.
Cov Ntawv Kawm Qib Siab
Nws tseem tsim nyog hais tias txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm rau xyoo kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau kos tsis yog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Yog li, nws tsim nyog nkag siab xws li ib qho kev qhia yooj yim. Cov ntaub ntawv no tseem raug tsim los ntawm tsoomfwv tus qauv. Nws tawm tswv yim faib cov sij hawm txhua xyoo rau kev kawm ntawm txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nta: Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias tseem hwv txoj kev npaj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm theem pib (qib 1-4) yog kos rau 4 xyoo ntawm kev kawm, rau cov tub ntxhais kawm qib 5-11 - rau tsib xyoos.
Kev faib tawm ntawm tsoomfwv cov phiaj xwm
Yuav tsum tau hais tias yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv faibraws li tej kev cai. Yog li, tsoom fwv teb chaws yuav muaj kwv yees li 75% ntawm tag nrho cov kev kawm, lub regional tivthaiv - yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog 10%, lub tsev kawm ntawv tivthaiv - kuj tsawg kawg yog 10%.
- Federal tivthaiv. Nws muaj tag nrho cov kev qhuab qhia uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv kawm, raws li Ministry of Education.
- Lub cheeb tsam (lossis lub teb chaws-ib cheeb tsam) tivthaiv. Tshooj lus no yuav kawm txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau ib cheeb tsam, tab sis tsis yog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Piv txwv: niam nplaig ntawm qee haiv neeg.
- Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov kev kawm ntawm qee yam kev kawm. Piv txwv li: ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj kev kawm paub lus txawv teb chaws muab ob peb teev ntxiv los kawm cov kev kawm no.
Nyob rau qib 11 kawg, cov sij hawm ntxiv yuav pab kom sawv tawm rau kev cob qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm ua ntej.
qauv
Zoo, thaum kawg, kuv xav xav txog me ntsis cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm (uas yog, cov khoom uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau ntawd).
- Title page. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog ib daim ntawv cais, xws li hauv cov ntawv sau los yog sau ntawv. Qhov no yog qhov hu ua "anatomist" ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Lub npe ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv lossis tsev kawm ntawv, chav haujlwm, tshwj xeeb (nrog cov lej), thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau qhia ntawm no.
- Cov khoom tom ntej: cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nyiaj siv sijhawm (los ntawm lub lis piam). Ntawm no yog lub sijhawm faib rau kev cob qhia, kev xeem thiab kev xeem, lub sijhawm so haujlwm tau kos npe.
- Txoj kev npaj ntawm txoj kev kawm, qhov twgkev faib cov sij hawm los ntawm cov ncauj lus tau sau tseg.
- Tshwj xeeb: xyaum (kev lag luam, kev kawm qib siab (rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv qib siab)).
- Ib yam khoom cais yog lub xeev ntawv pov thawj.
- Ib daim ntawv kos npe uas tau ntim nrog lub foob ntub dej.
Txhua yam khoom no yuav tsum tau ua thaum tsim cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm tsis raug hloov pauv thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim siab.
