Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1714 txog 1719, los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Peter I, kev hloov kho hauv cheeb tsam tau ua tiav, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntsiab lus tshiab tau txheeb xyuas. Raws li tsab cai lij choj no, lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod raug tshem tawm ntawm Kazan xeev thiab ua ib lub koom haum ywj pheej nrog lub chaw hauv Nizhny Novgorod.
Stages of formation
Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm hauv xyoo 1708 tau coj mus rau qhov kev koom ua ke ntawm Nizhny Novgorod mus rau lub xeev Kazan. Rau xyoo tom qab, nws sab qaum teb sab hnub poob tau muab cais ua ib lub xeev ywj pheej ntawm Nizhny Novgorod. Tsuas yog peb xyoos tom qab nws tsim, nws tau rov txuas nrog Kazanskaya. Nws tau txais nws txoj kev ywj pheej zaum kawg rau lub Tsib Hlis 29, 1719 los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Peter I. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo pua xya mus rau lub kaum yim centuries, ntau yam crafts nquag tsim nyob rau ntawm no. Kev plowing zoo ntawm cov av tshiab, tsim kom muaj kev sib faib ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv-nyiaj kev lag luam coj lub xeev mus rau theem tshiab.
khoom siv hauv zos
Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tau koom nrog kev tsim cov potash. Cov tshuaj no tau siv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd hauv kev ua xab npum, kev tsim khoomiav thiab xim, nrog rau hauv kev tsim cov hmoov phom. Arzamas koog tsev kawm ntawv yog qhov chaw ntawm nws cov khoom. Cov zos ntawm Nizhny Novgorod xeev kuj muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov kws ua hlau thiab cov kws ntoo. Cov neeg nyob hauv Balakhna feem ntau ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim nkoj thiab tau koom nrog kev ua ntsev mining. Lub zos ntawm Nizhny Novgorod xeev suav nrog ob peb lub zos. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub zos ntawm Bogorodskoye suav nrog cuaj lub zos ib zaug, txhua tus uas nto moo rau nws cov tanners noble. Kev lag luam kuj tau tsim kho sai hauv cheeb tsam. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim, lub tuam txhab thauj tog rau nkoj loj tau tsim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Gorodetsky volost. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua no, cov hlau thiab hlau factories ntawm Demidov pib ua hauj lwm. Lub ntsiab kev lag luam chaw yog Nizhny Novgorod. Ntawm no lawv tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov hlua, kev tsim nkoj, hlau ua haujlwm, tawv hnav khaub ncaws, brewing, m alt, cib thiab steel ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xeev tau nto moo rau cov tub lag luam zoo uas xa khoom mus rau ntau lub nroog thiab txawm mus txog Siberia.
Kev suav suav ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig xyoo 1917
Xyoo 1779, tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab tsim Nizhny Novgorod tus thawj coj, uas yuav suav nrog kaum peb lub nroog. Xyoo 1796, txoj cai tswjfwm tau tso tseg, yog li lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod tau tsim. Xws li kev hloov pauv tau coj mus rau kev tshem tawm ntawm Knyagininsky, Makaryevsky, Sergachsky, Pochinkovsky thiab Pyanskoperevozsky counties. Yim xyoo tom qab ntawd, thawj peb tau rov qab kho dua. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo 1917 kiv puag ncig, lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod muaj.kaum ib lub nroog. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv yog Nizhny Novgorod koog tsev kawm ntawv nrog cov pej xeem ntawm 90,053 neeg. Arzamas thiab Balakhna koog tsev kawm ntawv kuj tseem nyob rau sab saum toj peb nrog 10,592 thiab 5,120 tus neeg, raws li. Tom qab ntawd tuaj Gorbatovsky, Sergachsky, Vasilsursky, Semenovsky thiab Ardatovsky counties. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog Knyagininsky, Lukoyanovsky thiab Makaryevsky counties.
Post-revolutionary lub neej ntawm Nizhny Novgorod
Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig xyoo 1917, lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod tau ntxiv cov nroog tshiab. Lub nroog tsis tau tsuas yog ntxiv, tab sis kuj tau hloov npe ib nrab. Xyoo 1918 yog hnub hloov npe Gorbatovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv mus rau Pavlovsky. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Voskresensky uyezd tau tsim. Ob xyoos tom qab, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm renaming ntawm Makaryevsky, Lyskovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv tau tshwm sim. 1921 coj mus rau tsim peb ntxiv - Vyskunsky, Pochinkovsky thiab Sormovsky. Tsis tas li ntawd xyoo no, Lub Nroog Balakhna tau hu ua Gorodetsky. Ib xyoo tom qab, lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod coj nyob rau hauv nws tis ob lub nroog thiab 6 Kostroma volosts, yuav luag tag nrho lub nroog Kurmysh los ntawm lub xeev Simbirsk, nrog rau plaub volosts uas yav tas los koom rau Tambov. Xws li kev hloov pauv loj hauv thaj av tau coj mus rau kev tsim ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm Kanavinsky. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nroog tshiab tau pab txhawb kev tshem tawm cov qub thiab lawv cov kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev koom ua ke nrog cov loj dua. Yog li ntawd, Pochinkovsky, Kurmyshsky, Knyagininsky, Voskresensky, Vasilsursky, Varnavinsky thiab Artdatovsky counties tau poob rau hauv keeb kwm. Lub nroog Krasnobakovsky tau tshwm sim xyoo no. Nyob rau hauv 1924 muaj plaub volostspauv mus rau Mari Autonomous Region. Lub xeev North Dvina tau nthuav dav los ntawm ib qho kev sib tw, uas tau tawm ntawm lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod. Raws li kev tsim cov kev kawm tshiab, lawv yog Rastyapinsky thiab Balakhna ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam. Tsis tas li ntawd, xyoo 1924, Somovsky uyezd tau hloov mus ua ib cheeb tsam ua haujlwm. Raws li kev hloov pauv tom qab kev hloov pauv, xyoo 1926 lub xeev Nizhny Novgorod suav nrog kaum ib lub nroog thiab plaub lub nroog.
Ntxhais lus tseeb
Tsis muaj qhov twg hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yog muaj kev lag luam tsim khoom siv tes ua ntau dua li hauv thaj av Nizhny Novgorod. Hauv lub sijhawm ua ntej kev hloov pauv, muaj ntau cov ntawv tshaj tawm piav qhia txog qhov haujlwm no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau keeb kwm yog phau ntawv peb phau ntawv "Nizhny Novgorod xeev raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub xeev zemstvo". Nws qhov thib ob ntim tau piav qhia tag nrho cov subtleties ntawm kev lag luam handicraft nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm Russia. Attracts tsis tau tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov phau ntawv, tab sis kuj nws ua tiav. Flipping los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv, tus nyeem ntawv ntsib ntau cov duab kos tshwj xeeb. Lawv piav txog feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua, los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hlawv cov thee mus rau cov kev tsim ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov kws ua haujlwm hlau.
Memo to ib sim
Hnub no, yuav luag txhua qhov tam sim no sim sau cov ntaub ntawv ntau tshaj plaws txog nws keeb kwm. Tshawb nrhiav seb tus neeg yug hauv thaj av Nizhny Novgorod tam sim no puas yog cov nom tswv, lossis yog tias nws cov poj koob yawm txwv tau yooj yimCov kws ua txuj ci, pab los ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Nizhny Novgorod xeev. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb pom hauv online los ntawm "United Center of Pedigree", lossis hu rau lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv hauv zos. Cov phau ntawv keeb kwm piav qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam qauv. Los ntawm no koj tuaj yeem paub seb tus poj koob yawm txwv nyob hauv txoj haujlwm li cas: tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws tshaj lij, tus kws txiav txim plaub ntug, lossis tej zaum tus neeg hav zoov. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib tau nthuav tawm hauv 1847, 1855, 1864 thiab 1891. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog koj keeb kwm hauv phau ntawv chaw nyob thiab daim ntawv qhia hnub.
