Txhua yam muaj sia nyob, cov neeg nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, yog qhib cov kab mob lom neeg. Txhawm rau tswj lawv lub neej, kev nkag mus ntawm cov zaub mov, oxygen thiab dej los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud thiab kev tshem tawm cov khoom metabolic yog tsim nyog. Nws yog tseeb hais tias xws li excretion ntawm toxins yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj lub homeostasis ntawm ib tug muaj sia nyob. Qhov tsis muaj lub ntsiab cai no ua rau dab tsi? Kev tuag tshwm sim vim kev lom ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm lawv tus kheej metabolites.
Evolution tau pab txhawb rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kabmob uas ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshem tawm cov co toxins. Niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj qus muaj lawv, los ntawm protozoa rau tib neeg. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav pom tias qhov kev xaiv yog dab tsi, nrog rau kev kawm nws cov yam ntxwv uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Cov kab mob, muaj tsuas yog ib lub cell, muaj lub zoo meej system ntawm kev tswj tus kheej thiab tshem tawm cov co toxins tsim nyob rau hauvqhov tshwm sim ntawm dissimilation. Piv txwv li, hom amoeba thiab ntsuab euglena tshem tawm co toxins thiab dej ntau dhau los ntawm cov cell membrane thiab contractile vacuole. Cia peb qhia meej tias qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov protozoan metabolites yog kev hloov kho rau cov qauv ntawm lub cev thiab cov dej hauv dej. Multicellular kab mob cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm tshem tawm toxins. Hauv tiaj, puag ncig, annelids thiab molluscs, tubules tshwm - proto- lossis metanephridia.
Crayfish muaj cov qog ntsuab, thaum kab txhim kho Malpighian hlab ntsha thiab lub cev rog. Cov tsos ntawm lub notochord thiab lub cev pob txha radically hloov cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais. Biology ntawm vertebrates qhia qhov tsim ntawm complex kabmob - ob lub raum. Cia peb xav txog lawv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Evolution of excretory system
Ntses muaj ribbon zoo li lub raum uas pw ntawm ob sab ntawm tus txha nraub qaum thiab lim cov ntshav. Nyob rau hauv amphibians, compact excretory kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub sacral vertebrae. Ntawm cov no, cov zis dhau los ntawm cov ureters mus rau hauv cloaca. Cov tsos ntawm pelvic buds nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj reptiles, noog, tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb aromorphosis.
Lub raum nephrons nqa tawm ob txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg: kev lim ntshav thiab thawj cov zis reabsorption. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov ntshav tau ntxuav tag nrho cov co toxins, uas ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm homeostasis.
In xaus
Nyob hauv kab lus no, peb saib seb qhov kev xaiv yog dab tsi. Tam sim no koj paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem no nyob rau hauv ntau pab pawg neeg nyobkab mob.
