Cov ntaub pua plag - yog dab tsi? Lo lus muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog hais txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev. Cov ntaub pua plag yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg laus tshaj plaws inventions, uas muaj feem xyuam rau ob lub nomad lub yurt thiab nobleman lub palace.
Tau ntau centuries, cov ntaub pua plag tsis tau tsuas yog lub cim kev vam meej, tab sis kuj yog ib yam khoom ntawm kos duab, vim nws cov khoom yog ib tug ntev thiab mob siab rau tes.
Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog nws yog dab tsi, ntaub pua plag, tom qab hauv kab lus.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "dawb" hauv phau ntawv txhais lus tau muab ntau txoj hauv kev, uas yog:
- Ib hom kev kho kom zoo nkauj npog, muaj cov ntaub tuab, tsim rau phab ntsa, pem teb, rooj zaum, thiab lwm qhov chaw txhawm rau tiv thaiv thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. (Kev khav theeb ntawm Marquise yog cov ntaub pua plag zoo nkauj, uas tau nthuav tawm rau nws hnub ua ntej, thiab tam sim no tau dai ib phab ntsa ntawm boudoir.).
- Nyob rau hauv qhov piv txwv - ib yam khoom uas tsim ib daim npog tas mus linyob rau saum npoo av. (Lub hauv paus square ntawm lub nroog tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj ntaub pua plag ntawm kev zoo nkauj tsis tau pom dua.)
- Nyob hauv qee kis las, feem ntau yog kev ntaus kis las, ib daim ntaub npog uas txwv qhov chaw rau kev cob qhia thiab kev sib tw. (Tshaj tawm ntawm kev ua si hauv pem teb yog qhov yuam kev loj.)
Synonyms
lo lus " ntaub pua plag" muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus:
- Palace.
- Tatami.
- Rug.
- Tapestry.
- Kab.
- Track.
- Mat.
- Tapestry.
- Kim.
- Rug.
- Floorboard.
Etymology
Lo lus "cov ntaub pua plag" los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias qub "kovr". Cov khoom zoo sib xws muaj nyob rau hauv:
- Czech (koberec, kober);
- Bulgarian (guber).
Raws li qhov tseeb hais tias lo lus muaj cov yam ntxwv txawv txawv, cov kws tshawb fawb ua qhov kev xav tias nws yog ib qho qiv qub Lavxias los ntawm cov lus Turkic. Tej zaum qhov chaw yog Danube-Bulgarian kavǝr - "xav pam".
Ib qho ntawm thawj zaug siv lo lus no hauv Lo Lus Lavxias yog nws hais nyob rau hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo, uas hais tias Yaropolk xa mus nrhiav nws tus tij laug, thiab txij thaum sawv ntxov txog yav tsaus ntuj lawv rub tawm lub cev ntawm lub kwj dej, thiab thaum nyob hauv qab lawv pom Oleg, lawv nqa nws tawm thiab muab nws tso rau ntawm daim ntaub pua plag.
Tim ntaub pua plag
Yog li, peb pom tias cov ntaub pua plag yog cov khoom siv textile, dav heev, uasNws yog siv ob qho tib si rau kev ciaj sia ntawm ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv hnyav sab qaum teb tej yam kev mob, thiab los siav nws aesthetic xav tau kev pab. Hauv peb qhov kev muaj tiag niaj hnub no, muaj ob qho khoom ua los ntawm cov xov paj ntawm ntau hom, thiab lawv cov imitation, tau los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws.
Cov ntaub pua plag tau muab faib ua peb pawg raws li cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom:
- Pib.
- Lint-free.
- Kev.
Muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm uas cuam tshuam txog kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov txheej txheem uas cov xov paj tau kho raws li lub hauv paus. Raws li qhov ntsuas tau qhia, cov ntaub pua plag hauv qab no txawv:
- Woven.
- Wicker.
- Kev.
- koob- punched.
Cov pheej yig tshaj yog cov ntaub pua plag thiab rab koob xuas nrig. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog automated, high-speed. Raws li rau cov khoom woven, lawv yog ntau nyuaj rau ua, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau, lawv yog ib tug imitation ntawm handicrafts, thiab yog li ntawd lawv kim heev. Cov khoom no muaj ob lub tshuab ntawm cov xov uas hla ib leeg, longitudinal thiab transverse.
Ntawm technologies
Nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, aniline dyes (organic compounds tau los ntawm oxidizing aniline rho tawm los ntawm indigo cog) tau tsim. Txij thaum ntawd los, qhov kev nthuav dav tsis tau pom dua hauv cov ntaub pua plag weaving pib, uas ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv cov nqi rau cov khoom. Yav tas los, Persia yog lub hegemon nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no, tam sim no Tuam Tshoj, Qaib ntxhw thiabQee lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias niaj hnub no cov ntaub pua plag zoo tshaj plaws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, piv txwv li, cov ntaub ua los ntawm cov xov paj. Maj mam, cov xim aniline tau hloov los ntawm cov hluavtaws thiab cov khoom siv polymer; lawv tsis tso thiab tsis tas yuav kho. Lub cim thib peb ntawm dyes yog chromium. Yog hais tias koj muab piv rau tej yam ntuj tso sawv daws yuav, qhov txawv yuav me me, tsuas yog hais tias lawv tsis yog li muaj kua nyob rau hauv cov xim.
Ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, niaj hnub no cov ntaub pua tsev zoo nkauj thiab cov ntaub pua tsev classic yog yuav luag sib npaug, thiab ntxiv rau, cov khoom siv hluavtaws kuj muaj qhov zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm: nws yooj yim dua rau kev tu lawv.
keeb kwm me ntsis
Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov ntaub pua plag yog cov khoom qub heev. Nws keeb kwm rov qab mus rau ntau txhiab xyoo. Thawj cov ntaub pua plag nrog cov duab kos duab hnub rov qab mus rau ib ncig ntawm 16th-11th centuries BC. e. Lawv cov duab raug pom nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntxa ntawm Falau Thutmose IV.
Cov ntaub pua plag tau txais kev lees paub tshwj xeeb hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg nomadic. Lawv cov tsos mob zoo sib xws nrog lawv lub neej, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho hnyav continental huab cua, lawv yuav tsum tau sov so. Nrog rau kev saws me nyuam ntawm Islam los ntawm nomads, dluab ntawm tag nrho cov muaj sia nyob pib ploj ntawm cov ntaub pua plag - noog, nees, ntxhuav. Lawv pib hloov los ntawm cov cim thiab cov ntsiab lus uas qhia txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Kaulees.
Hnub no, cov qauv paub daws teeb meem ntawm cov ntaub pua plag yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis nrog rau lawv, cov qauv paj tseem nrov.
