Ntau zuj zus, ib tus tuaj yeem pom tias hauv txhua yam haujlwm, cov kws tshaj lij uas paub lus Askiv yog xav tau, thiab nws tus kheej tau dhau los ua qhov xav tau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Qhov no yog thawj lub cim qhia tias yuav tsum tau kawm cov lus no tsawg kawg yog qib ib txwm muaj. Thiab, raws li koj paub, nws txoj kev kawm pib nrog kev nyeem ntawv thiab kev nkag siab ntawm txhua lo lus, vim tias kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub ntsiab lus. Kev txhais lus Askiv yuav tso cai rau koj kom meej meej thiab raug nyeem txhua lub suab ntawm ib lo lus yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav lexical nws tus kheej. Xav txog qhov kev sau ntawv yog dab tsi thiab nyeem nws li cas.
Kev txhais lus Askiv yog…
Kev txhais lus yog ib daim duab sawv cev ntawm lub suab ntawm ib hom lus. Kev paub txog kev sau ntawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kawm ib hom lus, vim tias tsis paub nws, koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm pib nyeem ntawv, thiab koj tus neeg sib tham yuav tsis nkag siab koj, vim tias koj tuaj yeem hais ib lo lus nrog lub suab yuam kev. Kev hais lus ntawm cov lus Askiv ib txwm ua rau muaj kev nyuaj rau cov neeg pib kawm cov lus no, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis paub txog kev sau thiab nyeem cov cai. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kawm paub qhia kom rauglawv cov kev xav thiab tsim cov nqe lus ua lus Askiv kom raug, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kawm txog kev sau ntawv, vim qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev txhim kho cov lus ntxiv.
Yog koj kawm tau li cas cov lus txhais lus Askiv sau tau yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem paub qhov ncauj lus tau yooj yim, raws li koj yuav pom cov qauv ntawm lo lus los ntawm decomposing nws cov ntawv ua suab.
Qhov piv ntawm cov ntawv Askiv thiab suab
Raws li koj paub, tsuas muaj nees nkaum rau tsab ntawv ua lus Askiv, thiab muaj ntau lub suab. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau sau tseg thiab hais lus. Tsis yog txhua lo lus Askiv ua raws li cov cai nyeem uas twb muaj lawm. Cov neeg hais lus ib txwm kawm hais lus ib txwm muaj txij li thaum yau. Tab sis rau cov neeg kawm lus Askiv raws li ib hom lus txawv teb chaws, kev sau ntawv ntawm lus Askiv tau tsim. Qhov no yog cov duab nraaj uas lub suab qhia los ntawm cov cim tshwj xeeb.
Lub suab thiab cov tsiaj ntawv hauv cov tsiaj ntawv Askiv tau muab faib ua qhov piv txwv uas nees nkaum tus lej sib raug rau nees nkaum plaub lub suab, thiab rau lub suab rau nees nkaum lub suab, uas ua ke ua rau qhov piv ntawm nees nkaum rau cov ntawv Askiv rau plaub caug plaub. suab. Xav txog ntau yam kev cai uas qhia txog kev sau ntawv.
English transcription: cov cai yooj yim
- Kev txhais ntawm lo lus yog nyob rau hauv square brackets - […].
- Muaj cov ntawv hais txog ntau lub suab, hauv cov ntawv sau lawv tau tso tawm nrog cov cim sib txawv.
- Muaj ntau hom lus uas muaj qhov sib txawvcov npe nyob rau hauv cov lus sau tseg.
- Nyob hauv cov ntawv sau ntawm qee lo lus, koj tuaj yeem pom cov suab nyob hauv kab lus - (…). Qhov kev xaiv no qhia tau hais tias lub suab nyob rau hauv cov brackets yuav los yog tsis tau hais (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv American ntau yam lus), los yog tsis (nyob rau hauv lub classic lus Askiv hais lus).
- Ib txoj hnyuv tom qab lub suab tseem ceeb qhia lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub suab.
Tom qab koj kawm cov cai no, koj yuav tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv sau nws tus kheej kom raug. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov kev hloov tshiab kawg ntawm kev sau cov lus ntawm qee lo lus.
|
Record form |
Piv txwv |
Lwm daim ntawv sau npe |
|---|---|---|
| [i: | f eel | [i: |
| f ill | ||
| [e] | f ell | [e] |
| [ɔ: | f all | [ɔ: |
| [u] | f ull | [ʋ] |
| [u: | f ool | [u: |
| [ei] | f ail | [eı] |
| [ou] | f oal | [əʋ] |
| [ai] | f ile | [aı] |
| [au] | f oul | [aʋ] |
| [ɔi] | f oil | [ɔı] |
| [æ] | c at | [æ] |
| [ɔ] | c ot | [ɒ] |
| [ʌ] | c ut | [ʌ] |
| [ə:] | c urt | [ɜ: |
| [ɑ: | c art | [ɑ: |
| [iə] | t ier | [iə] |
| [ɛə] | t ear | [eə] |
| [uə] | t our | [ʋə] |
| [ə] | b aan a | [ə] |
me ntsis txog kev sau ua lus Lavxias
Kev nyuaj ntawm kev hais cov lus ntawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txhua haiv neeg, vim cov suab hauv cov lus txawv txawv tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov neeg Askiv, uas kawm Lavxias, nug cov kws qhia ntawv kom "txhais cov ntawv sau ua lus Askiv." Ib yam ntawm cov qauv yooj yim rau kev paub lus Askiv tsis paub lus yog kev sau ua lus Lavxias, uas yog, hloov ntawm phonemes ntawm hom lus txawv teb chaws siv lub suab ntawm haiv neeg. Hauv lwm txoj kev, txoj kev no hu ua phonetic transliteration. Hauv qhov no, cov lus yuav zoo li no: [fanatical], [miv], [ntses], thiab lwm yam. Nws yuav zoo li yog txoj hauv kev zoo! Txawm li cas los xij, raws li peb nco qab, tsis yog txhua lub suab tuaj yeem txhais tau li no kom raug. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus kws qhia ntawv yuav qhia koj kom paub qhov "tiag" lus Askiv transcription.
Nyob zoo ib yam
Nouns, adjectives, adverbs feem ntau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm thawj lub suab. Cov ntawv sau ua lus Askiv qhia tsis tau tsuas yog lub suab rau qhov twglo lus yog decomposed, tab sis kuj cov kev ntxhov siab, uas tau muab faib ua ob pawg: lub ntsiab ib - lub luag hauj lwm yog ib txwm ua ntej lub stressed suab nyob rau saum toj, thiab ib tug ntxiv - yog nyob rau hauv ua ntej lub stressed lo lus hauv qab no. Kom nkag siab zoo txog kev ntxhov siab, cia peb paub txog cov cai rau nws qhov chaw:
- Verbs uas muaj prefix feem ntau yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub suab thib ob.
- Thaum pib ntawm ib lo lus tsis muaj ob lub suab sib txuas tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab, ib tus ntawm lawv yuav nyuaj siab.
- Ib lo lus uas muaj ntau tshaj plaub lub suab yuav muaj ob qhov kev ntxhov siab ib zaug - thawj thiab theem nrab.
- Nyob rau hauv cov npe, cov lus ua ntej feem ntau nyuaj siab.
- Suffixes ntawm ib feem ntawm kev hais lus uas yog qhov kawg ntawm ib lo lus yeej tsis ntxhov siab.
- lo lus xaus kuj tsis ntxhov siab.
Qhov kev tso siab ntawm kev ntxhov siab yuav qhia qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus.
Txoj cai Nyeem thiab hais lus
Raws li koj paub, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev paub lus Askiv yog lub peev xwm los txhais lus Askiv. Nrog cov ntawv sau, uas yuav tsum tau kawm txij thaum pib ntawm chav kawm lus, nws yuav ua tau kom nco tau ntau lo lus sai txaus.
Tom qab koj nkag siab cov cai hais txog kev sau ntawv, koj yuav tsum tig mus rau cov cai ntawm kev nyeem ntawv, uas, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, pib nrog lub ntsiab lus tseeb ntawm hom lus. Yog li, hauv lus Askiv muaj cov lus qhib thiab kaw. Qhib xaus nrog lub suab: kev ua si, zoo li, pob zeb - 1st vowel hauv lo lus yog nyeem tib yam li hauvtsiaj ntawv. Lub suab kaw xaus rau hauv tus lej: cwj mem, miv, lub npav - lub suab nyob hauv ib lub suab muab lub suab sib txawv.
Ntxiv rau cov suab yooj yim, muaj cov diphthongs. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub suab complex uas muaj ob qho yooj yim. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem sawv cev ua ob yam, tab sis txoj cai no tsis ua haujlwm hauv kev sau ntawv.
Tseem ceeb kom paub
Lus Askiv yog ib hom lus uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob hauv ntau thaj chaw ntawm tib neeg lub neej, uas txhais tau hais tias nws txoj kev paub yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau txhua tus tsis yog rau kev txhim kho tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj hauv lub neej. Kev paub lus Askiv pib nrog kev muaj peev xwm nyeem - nouns, adjectives, English verbs (nrog lossis tsis muaj ntawv sau). Nov yog lub hauv paus koj ua tsis tau yog tsis muaj.
