Thawj cov hlau uas tib neeg pom yog kub, tooj liab thiab nyiaj. Lawv tau siv txij thaum ub los. Cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi? Lub lightest hlau yog dab tsi?
Metals
Thawj zaug, txiv neej pom cov hlau uas nyob ze rau lub ntiaj teb saum npoo av. Thaum xub thawj nws yog tooj liab, kub thiab nyiaj, tom qab ntawd lawv tau koom nrog tin, hlau, tooj liab thiab txhuas. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm noob neej, daim ntawv maj mam nthuav. Txog tam sim no txog 94 hlau tau pom.
Lawv yog cov ntsiab lus yooj yim uas muaj hluav taws xob siab thiab hloov hluav taws xob, ductility, tuaj yeem tsim tau, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, lawv feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau yam tebchaw thiab ores.
Los ntawm lawv qhov zoo, cov hlau tau muab faib ua ferrous, non-ferrous thiab muaj nuj nqis. Rau kev siv, lawv raug cais tawm ntawm cov ore, ntxuav, alloyed thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm. Cov hlau yog ib feem ntawm cov tsiaj muaj sia nyob, muaj nyob hauv dej hiav txwv.
Nyob hauv peb lub cev, lawv muaj me me, ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau lub neej. Muaj tooj liab nyob rau hauv daim siab, calcium nyob rau hauv lub cev pob txha thiab cov hniav, sodium nyob rau hauvHauv cytoplasm ntawm cov hlwb, hlau yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav, thiab magnesium yog nyob rau hauv cov leeg.
Lub lightest hlau
Nyob hauv lub siab ntawm ntau tus neeg, kev xav ntawm cov hlau uas muaj zog, khoom thiab hnyav tau nkag mus. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tsis haum cov lus piav qhia kiag li. Muaj ntau cov hlau uas tsis tshua muaj zog thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo rau cov ntsiab lus no. Lawv txawm ntab tau saum dej.
Cov hlau sib zog tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog lithium. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws qhov ntom yog qhov qis tshaj plaws. Nws yields rau dej yuav luag ob zaug thiab yog 0.533 grams ib cubic centimeter. Vim nws qhov ntom ntom, nws ntab hauv dej thiab kerosene.
Lithium muaj nyob hauv dej hiav txwv thiab sab av loj sab av loj. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, lub lightest hlau yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Thorn-Zhitkov stellar khoom, uas muaj ib tug supergiant thiab ib tug liab giant.
Raws li ib txwm muaj, lithium yog cov ductile, malleable, silvery hlau yog li mos uas nws tuaj yeem txiav nrog rab riam. Qhuav ntawm 181 degrees Celsius. Nws yog tshuaj lom thiab nquag cuam tshuam nrog ib puag ncig, yog li nws tsis siv rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab.
Aluminium
Tom qab lithium, txhuas yog cov hlau lightest thiab tseem muaj zog heev. Vim nws nquag siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, nws tau txais lub npe ntawm "hlau ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th". Nyob rau hauv lub crust ntawm peb ntiaj chaw, nws yog lub thib peb feem ntau yam thiab thawj ntawm cov hlau.
Aluminium muaj xim dawb dawb, siab ductility,thermal thiab hluav taws xob conductivity. Muaj peev xwm tsim cov alloys nrog yuav luag txhua yam hlau. Nws yog feem ntau siv ua ke nrog magnesium thiab tooj liab. Ntau ntawm nws cov alloys muaj zog dua hlau.
Txhuas yog tsis muaj zog corrosive vim yog tsim ntawm oxide films. Nws boils ntawm 2500 degrees Celsius. Nws yog ib qho tsis muaj zog paramagnet. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, cov hlau pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tebchaw, nws nuggets tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv lub vents ntawm ib co volcanoes.
Yooj yim dua yooj yim
Microlattis yog lub teeb tshaj plaws tsim cov hlau. Nws yog 99.99% huab cua thiab ntau sib dua li ua npuas ncauj. Cov hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv University of California, xyoo 2016 nws tau lees paub thiab nkag mus rau hauv Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv.
Qhov zais cia ntawm qhov pom kev txawv txawv nyob hauv nws cov qauv, nco txog cov pob txha ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Hlau yog ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes uas ua los ntawm cov raj nickel-phosphorus. Lawv khoob hauv, thiab lawv cov tuab yog ob peb zaug qis dua tib neeg cov plaub hau.
Txawm hais tias nws lub teeb, microlattis muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom hnyav nrog rau cov hlau ntuj. Cov khoom zoo li no tuaj yeem muaj daim ntawv thov dav, ib qho ntawm lawv yog tsim cov ntsws dag.
