Ib hom lus yog hom lus uas siv los ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm tib neeg. Yam yuav tsum tau muaj: cov neeg no yuav tsum nyob hauv tib thaj chaw. Cov lus Lavxias txhais tau hais tias ob qho tib si kev hais lus thiab ntau yam lus hauv zos. Qhov no yuav tsum to taub kom meej.
Nroog thiab nyob deb nroog, pawg neeg nto moo tshaj plaws
Cov lus hauv zos, feem ntau hauv cov chaw loj, yog ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov lus hais thiab cov lus nyob deb nroog. Qhov no unites lawv. Cov lus nyob deb nroog, ntawm qhov tod tes, raws li qhov sib txawv thiab qhov zoo sib xws uas tuaj yeem taug qab ntawm lawv, tau sau rau hauv pawg ntawm qee qhov ntim. Muaj ob peb pawg neeg feem ntau ntawm cov lus hauv tsev: Central Russian, South Russian, thiab North Russian. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tsim nyog mloog. Muaj lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm dialects. Nws yog dab tsi? Dialects yog cov lus uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb. Rau cov neeg uas hais ib hom lus, feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg.
Northern Lavxias teb sab lus
Northern Lavxias teb sab lus qeb muaj cov lus ntawm Novgorod, Arkhangelsk, Vyatka, Ural, Olonets, Vologda. Nws kuj suav nrog Siberia, Middle thiab Upper Volga cheeb tsam.
Hais txog kev hais lus, cov lus nyob rau sab qaum teb muaj ob yam hauv qab no. Ua ntej, cov dialects no tseem ceeb rau lawv cov vowels. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias lawv ntxhov siab lossis tsis yog - qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau lawv cov lus hauv txhua txoj kev. Qhov xwm txheej zoo ib yam nyob rau sab qab teb. Tab sis tseem muaj kev sib raug zoo me ntsis ntawm kev hais lus ntawm cov vowels thiab kev ntxhov siab. Tab sis rov qab mus rau sab qaum teb dialect. Ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm kev hais lus no yog raws li "okane", hauv lwm lo lus, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv "a" thiab "o" thaum lawv tsis nyob hauv kev ntxhov siab. Yog li, cov lus hais lus suab txawv txawv thiab nthuav heev. Qhov thib ob, nyob rau hauv cov lus nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab, qhov softness los yog hardness ntawm consonants sawv ntawm ob sab ntawm tus vowel cuam tshuam nws zoo. Nov yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
Vaj hloov pauv
Nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg sab qaum teb, es tsis txhob lo lus "a" tom qab tus lus mos, "e" yog pronounced. Yog li, lawv hais tias, piv txwv li: "nqaij", "sing", "zet". Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus twv los ntawm cov lus dab tsi nws yog tsim. Nyob rau hauv cov lus sau, nws yuav suab zoo li "pob", "dua", "tus vauv". Ib hom lus yog ib hom lus txawv txawv uas feem ntau ua rau koj luag ntxhi. Koj tuaj yeem siv lo lus "npau suav" ua piv txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, tau los ntawm nwsadjective suab zoo li "dirty". Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lo lus "hu nkauj", tab sis tus lej yog pronounced li "thib tsib". Muaj ntau yam piv txwv. Kuj tseem muaj cov lus hais (piv txwv li, los ntawm Vologda thiab Olonets), nyob rau hauv uas lub suab suab "i" thiab "e" raug hloov, piv txwv li, "kev ntseeg yog hais txog vire", "dawb yog xiav", "khoom cij yog qhob cij. " thiab lwm yam. Txaus siab, tsis yog nws? Hais txog cov lus, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov lus sab qaum teb feem ntau yog qhov txawv "g", zoo ib yam li "g" hauv Western European thiab Latin lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm "choking" thiab "okane", hauv lwm lo lus, qhov tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv "h" thiab "c". Suab nkauj kho siab heev.
South Russian dialects
Cov lus Lavxias sab qab teb muaj nyob hauv thaj av Volga Lower, Tula, Orel, Voronezh, Kaluga, Kursk, thaj tsam yav qab teb ntawm Ryazan, ntawm Don. Feem ntau cov cim qhia ntawm xws li ib tug adverb yog raws li nram no. Hauv kev hais lus, qhov zoo ntawm lub suab yog txiav txim siab los ntawm seb nws puas nyuaj los yog tsis. Qhov tseeb xav paub heev. Ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no, "akanye" yog raws. Qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov vowels "a" thiab "o", uas nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab. Tsis tas li ntawd noteworthy yog "yakane". Qee cov lus hais tias "bida", "visna", qee qhov - "byada", "vyasna", lwm tus - "bida", "visna", tab sis "byady", "vyasna". Tseem muaj lus hais tias nyob qhov twgNws yog pronounced "byada", "vyasna", tab sis "bidet", "visne", thiab lwm yam. Dialect yog ib tug adverb uas yog txawv rau feem ntau Russians hnov.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus no
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv xov tooj ntawm cov lus Lavxias sab qab teb yog fricative (ntev) "g", hauv lwm lo lus, lub suab zoo ib yam li "x", tab sis hais nrov nrov txaus, sonorously: "hara", " horat" (roob, nroog), thiab lwm yam. Yuav ua li cas hais txog cov qauv sau ntawv ntawm hom lus no? Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv peb-tus neeg verbs, ib tug mos mos kos npe rau tom qab "t", piv txwv li, muaj lo lus "mus". Nws kuj tseem nthuav tias es tsis txhob "kuv" nws yog pronounced "kuv". Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj poj niam txiv neej nyob rau hauv cov lus no, yog li koj tuaj yeem hnov cov lus zoo li "kuv tus quab" lossis "qab zib butter". Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub tias tam sim no daim ntawv luv luv ntawm lub npe yog yuav luag tsis muaj nyob rau hauv South Lavxias teb sab lus. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis ua rau kev sib tham tsis zoo. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb kawm lus Lavxias, piv txwv li koj tam sim no paub. Cov lus hauv zos yeej txhawb kev txaus siab ntawm tib neeg. Ntau tus xav kawm ntxiv txog lawv kom nkag siab zoo dua cov neeg hais lus thiab nkag siab lawv tus kheej hauv lawv cov kab lis kev cai.
