Lub Ob Hlis 15, 1989 yog hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Afghanistan. Thaum 10:00 tus tub rog kawg, Lieutenant General ntawm 40th Army B. V. Gromov, tawm hauv thaj chaw ntawm Afghanistan ntawm ciam teb, hla tus choj hla tus dej Amu Darya. 24 xyoo dhau los lawm, tab sis cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsov rog tseem tsis tau tshem tawm ntawm kev nco txog ntawm cov neeg koom, peb tau nco txog lawv hauv phau ntawv thiab yeeb yaj kiab.
Txhua tus nco ntsoov zaj yeeb yaj kiab "lub tuam txhab 9", piav qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntawm tsov rog ntawd. Hauv ib ntu, thaum nug tias nws yuav ua li cas tom qab nws rov qab los tsev, tus neeg ua haujlwm tau teb tias: "Cia li haus dej haus ntxiv, thiab haus kom txog thaum kuv hnov qab npau suav phem uas kuv tau ntsib nyob ntawd." Cov tub rog Soviet tau ua dab tsi nyob rau ntawd, nyob rau hauv toj siab ntawm Afghanistan, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, rau dab tsi?
Kev ua tsov ua rog 10 xyoo
Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Afghanistan yog qhov kawg ntawm kev tsov rog uas peb, qhov tseeb, yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi. Yog tias peb muab piv nrog Thawj Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, ces tsuas yognyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg koom. Kev ua tsov rog ntsiag to tau pib thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1979, thiab vim li ntawd, kev qhia cov tub rog tau pom tias USSR nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog ib tug aggressor.
Tshwj xeeb, lub tebchaws G7 tsis nkag siab qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm USSR, thiab tsuas yog Tebchaws Meskas tau txaus siab rau qhov no, txij li Tsov Rog Txias ntawm ob lub xeev muaj zog tshaj plaws tau mus ntev. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 29, cov ntawv xov xwm Pravda tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv thov rov hais dua los ntawm tsoomfwv Afghan rau kev pab sab nraud los daws qhov teeb meem sab hauv. Lub Soviet Union tau muab kev pab, tab sis yuav luag tam sim ntawd paub txog "Afghan yuam kev", thiab txoj kev rov qab nyuaj.
Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Afghanistan, tsoomfwv siv sijhawm yuav luag 10 xyoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txi cov tub rog 14,000 tus neeg, muaj 53,000 tus neeg, thiab tseem yuav tua 1 lab Afghans. Nws nyuaj rau cov tub rog Soviet ua tsov rog rog hauv roob, thaum cov Mujahideen paub lawv zoo li lawv txhais tes.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Afghanistan tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb, uas tau tsim thawj zaug thaum Lub Ob Hlis 7, 1980. Tab sis tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab tias nws yuav tsum ncua cov tub rog, txij li qhov xwm txheej hauv Afghanistan, hauv lawv txoj kev xav, tsis tau ruaj khov. Nws siv sijhawm 1.5 - 2 xyoos los ua kom tiav lub tebchaws. Tsis ntev, L. I. Brezhnev txiav txim siab tshem tawm cov tub rog, tab sis Yu. V. Andropov thiab D. F. Ustinov tsis txhawb nws teg num. Rau qee lub sijhawm, kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem no tau raug ncua, thiab cov tub rog txuas ntxiv mus tua thiab tuag hauv roob, tsis paub meej txog qhov nws nyiam. Thiab tsuas yog xyoo 1985 M. S. Gorbachev rov hais dua cov lus nug ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tub rog, ib txoj kev npaj tau pom zoo, raws li qhov uas, nyob rau hauv ob xyoos, cov tub rog Soviet tau tawm hauv thaj chaw ntawm Afghanistan. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab kev cuam tshuam ntawm UN, cov ntaub ntawv tau mus ua haujlwm. Pakistan thiab Afghanistan tau kos npe rau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau txwv tsis pub cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm sab hauv ntawm lub tebchaws, thiab USSR yuav tsum ua kom tshem tawm cov tub rog Soviet tawm ntawm Afghanistan.
cov tub rog Soviet rov qab los nrog yeej lossis swb?
Ntau tus neeg xav paub yog dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm kev tsov rog? Cov tub rog Soviet puas tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov yeej?
Tsis muaj lus teb meej, tab sis USSR tsis tau teeb tsa nws tus kheej lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev kov yeej Afghanistan, nws yuav tsum pab tsoomfwv hauv kev tswj hwm qhov xwm txheej sab hauv. Lub USSR, feem ntau yuav, poob tsov rog no rau nws tus kheej, rau 14 txhiab tub rog thiab lawv cov txheeb ze. Leej twg hais kom xa tub rog mus rau lub teb chaws no, dab tsi tos lawv nyob ntawd? Keeb kwm tsis paub txog kev tua neeg phem dua uas raug tsim txom cov neeg raug tsim txom. Kev tshem tawm cov tub rog los ntawm Afghanistan xyoo 1989 yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog no, tab sis qhov kev tu siab tom qab yuav nyob mus ib txhis hauv lub siab ntawm cov neeg koom nrog lub cev thiab kev coj ncaj ncees thiab cov neeg lawv hlub.
