Hauv ntau hom lus txawv teb chaws muaj xws li ib tsab xov xwm. Txhawm rau pib kawm cov qauv sau ntawv los ntawm cov ncauj lus no yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas xav paub lus Askiv. Tsab ntawv (txoj cai ntawm kev siv yuav pab kom nkag siab cov lus nug) yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus Askiv. Nws qhia qhov tseeb lossis qhov tsis muaj tseeb ntawm lub npe. Ntxiv rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, cov cai rau nws siv tau muab thaum tsab xov xwm a (ib), qhov raug rho tawm.
Type of articles
Muaj ob hom lus ua lus Askiv:
- ncig - the;
- indefinite - ib (ib) (ob daim ntawv).
Cov kab lus tseeb qhia tau hais tias peb tab tom tham txog qee qhov kev paub zoo lossis kev paub uas yog tus kheej ntau dua, qee qhov sawv ntawm lwm tus. Thiab qhov indefinite ib qho qhia txog lub ntsiab lus dav dav lossis ib yam khoom uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntawv thawj zaug. Piv txwv:
Tus ntxhais muaj dev./Tus ntxhais muaj dev.
Los ntawm kab lus no tuaj yeem nkag siab tias peb tab tom tham txog ib tus ntxhais uas twb tau paub txog tus nyeem ntawv thiab nws tau hais dhau los hauv cov ntawv nyeem, tab sis lo lus "dub" yog qhov dav dua, tus dev twg tsis paub..
Tom ntej no, peb yuav kawm txog cov cai, thiab tseem ua cov kev tawm dag zog ntawm cov khoom los txhawb cov khoom siv.
Keeb Kwm
Peb twb pom lawm hais tias hauv lus Askiv muaj xws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus raws li tsab xov xwm: a (an), the. Lawv Ameslikas los ntawm lwm lo lus thiab rau qee qhov khaws lawv lub ntsiab lus qub.
Piv txwv li, kab lus tseeb yog ib daim ntawv luv ntawm lo lus uas (uas, qhov ntawd), uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li muaj lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb.
Cov lus tsis meej yog los ntawm lo lus ib (qee tus, qee tus).
Cov lus tseeb
Hauv lus Askiv, kab lus tseeb muaj ob txoj haujlwm: thawj ntawm lawv yog concretizing, thiab lwm yam yog generalizing. Thiab ib feem ntawm kev hais lus no yog siv yog tias ib tus neeg paub meej tias cov ntsiab lus twg tab tom tham, lossis yog cov ncauj lus no tshwj xeeb.
Definite article in concretizing meaning
Siv thaum ib yam khoom sawv tawm ntawm tag nrho cov teeb, nws muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, sawv tawm los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb, cov ntsiab lus. Ua ntej superlative adjectives
Nws yog tus zoo tshaj plaws hauv peb pab pawg./Nws yog tus zoo tshaj plaws hauv peb pab pawg.
Puas ua ntej tus lej, cov lus hauv qab no, kawg, tom ntej, tsuas yog thiab heev. Lawv ua lub npe tshwj xeeb
Thiab tsis yog hnub tom ntej./Thiab tsis yog hnub tom ntej.
Cov kab lus meej kuj tseem siv ua ntej superlative adjectives
Nws yog hnub phem tshaj plaws hauv kuv lub neej./Nov yog hnub phem tshaj plaws ntawm kuv lub neej.
Cov lus tseeb hauv lub ntsiab lus dav dav
Nyob zoo -thaum lub npe tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau txhua yam khoom
Piv txwv suav nrog German Shepherd - ob lub tsho tiv no ncaj, thiab luv luv./Piv txwv li, German Shepherd. Wool muaj ob yam ntxwv: ncaj thiab luv.
Ntawm no peb tham txog txhua tus dev uas yog ib hom tsiaj.
Omitted yog hloov los ntawm ib tug muaj npe
Nws yeej muaj kev hlub rau nws tus German Shepards.
Yog koj tuaj yeem tso lo lus "qhov no" ua ntej lub npe
Lub tsev so tseem muaj kev nkag tau yooj yim rau ntau qhov chaw nres tsheb subway.
Thaum qhia txog lub sijhawm, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb
Thawj Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog./Thawj Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog.
Ua ntej suav tsis tau npe, tsuas yog peb tham txog qee yam khoom
Tam sim no tus neeg ua teb yuav tsum nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev xa cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Ua ntej lub npe ntawm lub cev
tes/ tes.
Ua ntej cov chav kawm social thiab strata ntawm haiv neeg
Police./Police officer.
Cov lus meej nrog lub npe thiab qee lub npe
Txhawm rau pab koj nkag siab zoo dua siv cov khoom siv nrog cov npe thiab qee lub npe, cov lus hauv qab no. Tag nrho cov lus hauv qab no yuav tsum ua ntej los ntawm kab lus tseeb.
| Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws. | Examples |
| Rivs | tus Nakdong |
| Npe ntawv xov xwm | the Washington Post |
| npe thaj chaw | |
| Yam khoom los ntawm astronomy | lub hli |
| roob npe | the Andes |
| Dimensions | nyob rau sab hnub tuaj |
|
ntau lub npe (txhais tau tias tag nrho tsev neeg) |
the Adamsons |
| tus dej Nicaragua | |
| Lub nroog hauv nroog | the West End |
| Nationalities | tus Italian |
| Unique architectural structures | lub caij ntuj no Palace |
| Deserts | tus Bolivian |
| Npe dej hiav txwv | hiav txwv dub |
| Lub tsev hais plaub | the Aurora |
| Qee lub teb chaws | the Argentina |
| Nyob npej | tus siab Ben |
Cov lus tseeb. Plural
Yog hais tias cov lus tseeb yog siv ua ntej ib lo lus nyob rau hauv cov lus, ces nws muab tso ua ntej nws nyob rau hauv lub plural thiab
Koj tuaj yeem nqa pob nrog, yog tias koj xav tau./Yog xav tau, nqa pob nrog koj.
Koj tuaj yeem nqa pob nrog, yog tias koj xav tau./Yog xav tau, nqa cov khoom nrog koj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsab xov xwm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm plural thaum xa mus rau ib pawg tag nrho
NyobCov tswv cuab ntawm Golf club tuaj yeem ua pa tshiab. (Txhua tus tuaj yeem ua pa tsw qab.)
Indefinite article a (ib)
Siv "a" yog tias thawj tsab ntawv hauv lo lus yog tus lej, "tus" yog tus lej:
- rooj, ntaub pua plag, dev
Nkauj Ntxhee - pages
Kev zam rau txoj cai:
- Nqe "a" yeej ib txwm muab tso ua ntej cov lus uas pib nrog tsab ntawv "u" thaum nws hais /ju:/ (Lus Askiv yog ib hom lus thoob ntiaj teb);
- ua ntej lo lus "ib", "ib" kab lus "a" (ib tsev neeg niam txiv) yeej ib txwm siv;
- yog tias cov ntawv luv pib nrog tus lej tab sis nyeem nrog lub suab (F yog hais zoo li /ef/), lawv ib txwm ua ntej los ntawm tsab xov xwm tsis kawg "ib" (tus neeg sawv cev FBI).
Kev faib tawm, kev qhia dav dav thiab tus lej lub ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm tsis kawg
Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus qhia, hauv cov kab lus exclamatory uas pib nrog lo lus dab tsi, cov lus tsis tas yuav siv
Zoo heev!
Nrog cov npe lus ua ntej los ntawm cov lus xws li theej, heev, xws li thiab feem ntau
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws./Nyob deb heev.
Yog ib lub npe yog tus nqi dav dav rau tag nrho cov chav kawm, hom, txheej, thiab lwm yam, ces nws yog ua ntej los ntawm ib tsab xov xwm tsis tas li. Feem ntau, cov npe no yog thaum pib ntawm kab lus thiab tsis nqa cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntxiv tau piav qhia tom qab hauv cov ntawv nyeem
Ib tsab ntawv xov xwm yog ib tsab ntawv laconic heev.
Nyob rau hauv tus lej tus nqi, kab lus qhia nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb - ib qho
Kuv tuaj yeem nyob Paris tau ib hnub nkaus xwb. (Ntawm no nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov particle -a tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm ib qho, lo lus los ntawm kab lus a (ib) tau tsim (tus - los ntawm qhov ntawd). Hauv kab lus no, cov khoom siv nws qhov chaw ib txwm muaj).
Indefinite article a (ib). Plural
Cov lus siv ua ntej tus lej nouns tsis siv nyob rau hauv plural.
Nws muaj ib phau ntawv astrology.
Nws muaj ob phau ntawv./Nws muaj ob phau ntawv. (Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, kab lus raug tshem tawm.)
Ntaus npe thiab kab lus a (ib)
Cov kab lus ib (ib qho) yog siv ua ntej lub npe yog tias lawv yog:
tsis paub
A Anderson tau tuaj ntsib koj.
used as common nouns
Koj xav tias, kuv yog Leonardoda Vinci?
taw tes rau ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg
Nws tsis xav tsis thoob; Qhov tseeb, nws yog Smith.
piav qhia qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw lossis khoom
Peb pom lub nroog Loos rov tsim dua.
TsuasTsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov kab lus ruaj khov uas, tsis hais lub ntsiab lus twg, yeej tsis hloov thiab ib txwm nyob hauv lawv qhov chaw. Cov kab lus no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kawm:
Ob peb / ob peb, nws yog tus hlub / thov txim, me ntsis / me ntsis, thiab lwm yam
Thaum tsab xov xwm tsis xav tau
Hauv lus Askiv muaj xws li "zero article", uas yog, thaum nws tsis nyob rau hauv kab lus ua ntej nouns. Saum toj no hauv tsab xov xwm, rooj plaub twb tau hais thaum tsab xov xwm raug rho tawm. Xav txog ob peb yam kev cai ntxiv.
Yog cov npe ua ntej los ntawm cov lus qub / laus, me / me, pluag / pluag, tub nkeeg / tub nkeeg, ncaj ncees / ncaj ncees
nws yog me ntxhais./she yog tus me ntxhais.
Yog tsis muaj lus txhais rau lub npe
Kuv tsis nyiam Peter./Kuv tsis nyiam Peter.
Ua ntej lub npe, lub npe
Tus Tswv Green./Tus Tswv Green.
qhia kev tawm dag zog
Yuav kom sib sau cov kev paub uas tau txais, koj yuav tsum ua ob peb yam. Tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas koj cov lus teb nrog tus yuam sij, txheeb xyuas qhov yuam kev. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no.
Insert the ploj tsab ntawv a (an), the:
Paris is … zoo nkauj lub zos./Paris is a beautiful city.
Yuav ua li cas? Kuv xav tias nws yog…salute./Dab tsi mus? Kuv xav tias nws yog foob pob hluav taws.
Britney Spears is … singer./Britney Spears is a singer.
This is Nick. Nws yog … engineer./Qhov no yog Nick. Nws yog ib tug engineer.
… kab laug sab muaj yim ceg./ Kab laug sab muaj yim ceg.
Nws yog … txiv lws suav./This is a lws suav.
Kuv yog… Nurse./Kuv yog ib tug nais maum.
Nws yog … zoo tshaj./Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj.
Kau … seat./Sit down.
Nyob hauv … teb chaws./Nyob teb chaws.
Cov lus teb rau kev tawm dag zog. Yuav ua li cas kom raug ntxig rau kab lus a (ib), tus:
1. ib. 2.a ib. 3.a ib. 4.a ib. 5.a ib. 6.a ib. 7.a ib. 8.o ib. 9 ib a. 10. ib.
