Morphology yog qhov raug suav tias yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm cov lus Lavxias. Qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob: ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus tau cuam tshuam rau hauv ib qho system, qhov twg txhua lo lus muaj nws txoj haujlwm. Cov dej num no tau tshwm sim thaum kev txheeb xyuas morphological. Cia peb saib cov tswv yim los txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus ua ke.
Tshaj tawm Basics
Hauv Lavxias muaj rau qhov kev ywj pheej ntawm kev hais lus thiab plaub qhov kev pabcuam ntawm kev hais lus (kev sib txuas, kev sib txuas lus, hais lus, preposition), uas raug rau kev tshuaj xyuas morphological. Txhawm rau tsim lawv, koj tuaj yeem ua daim duab ntawm txhua qhov ntawm kev hais lus.
Thaum sau cov tswv yim rau kev txheeb xyuas morphological ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsom xam tau muab faib ua qhov ruaj khov thiab tsis ruaj khov. Cov yam ntxwv tas mus li yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov lus ntawm ib lo lus, thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis tas li tsuas yog pom hauv ib daim ntawv xwb.
Hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem pom lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txheeb xyuas txhua feem ntawm kev hais lus. Txhawm rau kom zoo dua assimilate cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, peb thov kom sib sau ua ke hauv kev xyaum. Nyob rau hauv cov duab hauv kab lus no koj yuav pom muaj nrogcov lus hauv qab xiav, peb caw koj los txheeb xyuas lawv tus kheej.
Noun
- Lo lus yog muab tso rau hauv thawj daim ntawv (singular nominative case).
- Qhia ib feem ntawm kev hais lus (noun).
- Qhia los ntawm tus nqi (pob tshab/abstract/real/collective).
- Lub npe lossis lub npe.
- Animation.
- Genus thiab declension.
- Cas.
- Num.
- A muaj nuj nqi hauv kab lus.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev ntsuas lub npe
Rau Martha, kev tuag ntawm nws txiv yog tantamount rau nws tus kheej tuag.
- Martha.
- Noun.
- Specific.
- Own.
- Animated.
- First declension.
- Nyob zoo
- Singular.
- Ntxiv.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
Txhob Cia Siab
- Initial form.
- Adjective.
- Qualitative, txheeb ze lossis muaj.
- Tau los yog luv.
- Kev sib piv (rau qhov zoo).
- Yug.
- Num.
- Cas.
- A muaj nuj nqi hauv kab lus.
Piv txwv ntawm kev ntsuas tus lej
iav khw qhov rais pom hauv nws lub qhov muag.
- iav.
- Adjective.
- Ntxhais.
- Full.
- txiv neej.
- Plural.
- Nominative case.
- Definition.
npe npe
- pib daim ntawv
- Ntaus.
- Yooj yim, complex lossis compound.
- Quantitative, collective, ordinal, fractional.
- Cas.
- Number (yog muaj).
- Gen (yog muaj).
- A muaj nuj nqi hauv kab lus.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev ntsuas tus lej
Nws tsuas yog peb hnub dhau los ua txoj haujlwm tiav, tab sis kev tswj hwm tsis xav nqis tes ua.
- Peb.
- Ntaus.
- Simple.
- Quantitative.
- Nyob zoo.
- Ntxiv.
Pronoun
- Initial form.
- Pronoun.
- Qhia los ntawm tus nqi.
- Face (yog muaj).
- Gen, naj npawb, rooj plaub (yog muaj).
- A muaj nuj nqi hauv kab lus.
Pronoun parsing example
Kuv taug txoj kev taug kev ntev ntev thiab xav txog ob hnub dhau los, uas muaj kev xyiv fab thiab kev zoo siab.
- I.
- Pronoun.
- Private.
- Thawj tug.
- Singular.
- Nominative case.
- Subject.
Vajtswv
- daim ntawv pib (infinitive).
- Vim.
- Returnability.
- View.
- Kev hloov pauv.
- kev sib hlub.
- Kev xav.
- sijhawm.
- Gen, tus lej thiab tus neeg.
- Role in the proposal.
Piv txwv ntawm kev ntsuas qhov qhia
Nws NW nyuam qhuav txav tom qab raug mob.
- Moved.
- Vim.
- rov qab.
- Ib yam tsis zoo.
- Intransitive.
- Thawj conjugation.
- Indicative.
- Past tense.
- Singular.
- Yuav ua li cas.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ntsuas yog qhov yooj yim heev. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua cov npe cais rau cov neeg koom nrog thiab cov neeg koom, vim tias koj tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim ntawm cov lus hais tau sau ua ntej.
Thaum qhov kev koom tes, koj yuav tsum tau txav mus los ntawm cov lus qhia ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd cov npe. Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas cov gerund, tom qab ntawd ua ntej txiav txim siab cov cim qhia ntawm cov lus qhia, thiab tom qab ntawd qhia cov cim ntawm qhov adverb - ib daim ntawv hloov pauv tsis tau.
Ntawd yog, rau kev tsom xam morphological ntawm cov neeg koom nrog thiab cov gerunds, koj xav tau peb lub tswv yim ntawm ntu ntawm kev hais lus: ib qho lus qhia, ib qho lus thiab ib qho adverb.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev koom tes
Los ntawm kev lees txais koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog lwm tus, thiab los ntawm kev nkag siab ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv morphology.
- Accepting.
- Gerential participle.
- Irrevocable.
- Ib yam tsis zoo.
- Kev hloov pauv.
- Invariant form.
- Kev tshwm sim.
Adverb
- lus.
- Adverb.
- Pab los ntawm tus nqi.
- Invariance.
- Kev sib piv.
- A muaj nuj nqi hauv kab lus.
Adverb parsing
Niam hais tias nws yuav los tsev sai sai no.
- Nyob sai sai no.
- Adverb.
- Tus nqi sijhawm.
- Immutability.
- Kev tshwm sim.
preposition scheme
- lus.
- preposition.
- Lub ntsiab lus muab los ntawm preposition.
- Productivity.
- Cas.
- Role in the proposal.
preposition parsing
roob taug kev nyuaj dua li cov tiaj.
- Nkauj (roob toj siab).
- Kev sib txuas ntawm cov lus ywj pheej.
- Meaning of place.
- Non-derivative.
- Siv nrog lub npe dative.
- Ib feem ntawm qhov xwm txheej.
Union Scheme
- lus.
- Union.
- Pab los ntawm tus nqi.
- Yooj yim, sib xyaw, ob.
- Role.
Union parsing
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov lus hais yog qhov txaus ntshai thaum xub thawj, thiab qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau nkag siab lawv.
- I.
- Union.
- Kev sib txuas.
- Simple.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab lus sib txuas.
Particle scheme
- lus.
- Particle.
- Txhob Cia Siab.
Particle parsing
Kuv tsis xav nrog koj tham.
- Tsis yog.
- Particle.
- negative.
Kev sib tham txheej txheem
- lus.
- Kev sib tham.
- Vim.
Kev sib tham parsing
Ah, cas yuav zoo pw ntawm cov nyom ntsuab.
- Ah.
- Kev sib tham.
- Txoj kev xav.
Lub sijhawm dhau mus, koj yuav nco ntsoov nqe lus ntawm qhov twgphim txhua tus qauv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tswv yim qhia nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, koj yuav kawm yuav ua li cas kom sai thiab zoo ua morphological tsom xam. Qhia thiab daws ntau thiab ntau riddles ntawm cov lus Lavxias zoo.
