Koj puas paub tias lub cell ntawm protozoa muaj li cas? Yog tsis yog, kab lus no yog rau koj.
Kev tshawb fawb dab tsi ntawm tes?
Qhov kev tshawb fawb no hu ua cytology. Nws yog ib ceg ntawm biology. Nws tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug ntawm seb cov qauv ntawm tes ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tsis yog tsuas yog cov qauv, tab sis kuj yog cov txheej txheem uas tshwm sim hauv cell. Cov no yog cellular respiration, metabolism, reproduction thiab photosynthesis. Txoj kev ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntawm protozoa yog yooj yim faib cell. Qee cov protozoan hlwb muaj peev xwm ntawm photosynthesis - tsim cov organic tshuaj los ntawm inorganic sawv daws yuav. Cellular respiration tshwm sim thaum cov piam thaj tawg lawm. Qhov no yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov carbohydrates yooj yim hauv lub cell. Thaum lawv oxidized, lub cell tau txais lub zog.
leej twg yog tus protozoa?
Ua ntej xav txog cov lus nug ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov cell ntawm protozoa, cia peb xav seb cov "tsiaj" no yog dab tsi.
Cov no yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib lub cell. Lawv kuj tseem hu ua eukaryotes vim tias lawv muaj cov nucleus hauv lawv cov hlwb. Protozoan cell yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev zoo ib yam licell ntawm ib tug multicellular kab mob.
Kev faib tawm
Muaj rau hom protozoa:
- ciliates;
- radiolarians;
- sunflowers;
- sporozoans;
- sarcoflagellates;
- flagellate.
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm thawj hom nyob hauv cov dej ntsev. Qee hom kuj tseem nyob hauv av.
Sporozoans feem ntau yog cov kab mob ntawm cov vertebrates.
Radiolarians, zoo li ciliates, nyob hauv dej hiav txwv. Lawv muaj cov plhaub tawv ntawm silicon dioxide, los ntawm qee cov pob zeb tsim.
Qhov peculiarity ntawm paj paj yog tias lawv txav nrog kev pab ntawm pseudopodia.
Sarkoflagellates kuj siv txoj hauv kev no. Hom no suav nrog amoeba thiab ntau lwm yam protozoa.
Flagellates yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas siv flagella rau kev txav mus los. Qee hom ntawm xws li protozoa tuaj yeem nyob hauv dej, thiab qee qhov yog kab mob cab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no muaj chloroplasts hauv lawv cov hlwb. Xws li protozoa lawv tus kheej tsim cov as-ham tsim nyog rau lub neej los ntawm photosynthesis.
Tus qauv ntawm cov protozoan cell yog dab tsi?
Cov qauv ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb qhov tseem ceeb: plasma membrane, cytoplasm thiab nucleus. Tus naj npawb ntawm nuclei hauv cov hlwb ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog ib qho. Hauv qhov no lawv txawv ntawm cov kab mob hlwb, uas tsis muaj nuclei txhua. Yog li, cia peb saib ze dua ntawm txhua qhov ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus.cells.
YPlasma membrane
Cov qauv ntawm cov protozoan cell yuav tsum tau muab rau qhov muaj ntawm cov khoom no. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj hwm cell homeostasis, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam. Lub plasma membrane yog tsim los ntawm peb chav kawm ntawm lipids: phospholipids, glycolipids, thiab cov roj cholesterol. Phospholipids predominate nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm daim nyias nyias.
Cytoplasm: nws npaj li cas?
Qhov no yog tag nrho ntawm cov cell, tshwj tsis yog cov nucleus, uas nyob hauv cov plasma membrane. Nws muaj hyaloplasm thiab organelles, nrog rau kev suav nrog. Hyaloplasm yog ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm tes. Organelles yog cov qauv ruaj khov uas ua tau qee yam haujlwm, thaum cov kev suav nrog yog cov qauv tsis tas mus li uas ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev khaws cia.
qauv ntawm cov cell ntawm protozoa: organelles
Nyob rau hauv lub cell ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws muaj ntau organelles uas yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsiaj hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li cov hlwb ntawm ntau cov kab mob, feem ntau cov protozoan hlwb muaj organelles ntawm kev txav - txhua yam ntawm flagella, cilia thiab lwm yam qauv. Tsawg heev ntawm cov tsiaj txhu muaj peev xwm khav theeb ntawm qhov muaj xws li kev tsim - tsuas yog spermatozoa.
Cov organelles uas muaj nyob rau hauv protozoan hlwb muaj xws li mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, thiab Golgi complex. Hauv cov hlwb ntawm qee cov protozoatseem muaj chloroplasts, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Xav txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv hauv lub rooj.
| Organoid | Kev tsim kho | Functions |
| Lawv muaj ob daim nyias nyias: sab nraud thiab sab hauv, nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab. Sab hauv daim nyias nyias muaj outgrowths - cristae los yog ridges. Txhua yam tshuaj lom neeg loj tshwm sim rau lawv. Dab tsi nyob hauv ob daim nyias nyias yog hu ua matrix. Nyob rau hauv nws, cov organelles muaj lawv tus kheej ribosomes, inclusions, mitochondrial RNA thiab mitochondrial DNA. | Kev tsim hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv cov organelles, cov txheej txheem ntawm cellular respiration tshwm sim. | |
| Ribosome | Muaj ob lub subunits. Lawv tsis muaj daim nyias nyias. Ib qho ntawm cov subunits loj dua lwm qhov. Ribosomes koom ua ke tsuas yog hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Thaum lub organoid tsis ua haujlwm, ob lub subunits tau sib cais. | Protein synthesis (txheej txheem txhais lus). |
| Lysosomes | Lawv muaj ib puag ncig. Lawv muaj ib daim nyias nyias. Hauv daim nyias nyias yog cov enzymes uas tsim nyog rau kev tawg ntawm cov organic complex. | |
| Tubular shape. | Koom tes hauv cov metabolism, yog lub luag haujlwm rau lipid synthesis. | |
| Golgi complex | Pack of disc-shaped tanks. | Pab rau kev sib txuas ntawm glycosaminoglycans, glycolipids. Hloov kho thiabcais cov proteins. |
| Muaj ob daim nyias nyias nrog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Lub matrix muaj thylakoids koom ua ke hauv pawg (grana los ntawm lamellae. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub matrix muaj ribosomes, suav nrog, RNA thiab DNA. | Photosynthesis (muaj nyob rau hauv thylakoids). | |
| Vacuoles | Ntau cov dej tsis huv protozoa muaj cov vacuoles contractile (spherical organelles nrog ib daim nyias nyias) | Tshuav tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau ntawm lub cev. |
Ntxiv rau, cov hlwb protozoan tau nruab nrog cov organelles ntawm kev txav mus los. Nws tuaj yeem yog flagella thiab cilia. Nyob ntawm hom, kab mob yuav muaj ib los yog ntau tshaj flagella.
