Peb niaj hnub no, kws sau ntawv Lavxias teb sab Oleg Roy, muaj cov lus hais tias: "Txawm lub qhov muag yuav tsum tau tsim vim li cas, tab sis nrog ci ntsa iab hauv lawv, tsis muaj lub hnab xiav hauv qab lawv thiab nrog lub ntsej muag ntxim nyiam me ntsis qis dua lawv. " Cov lus zoo, puas yog? Tab sis hnub no peb tsis tau hais txog qhov no, tab sis hais txog cov lus qhia "ua qhov muag".
"Vitamins" rau kev hais lus
mob yog qhov tsis kaj siab, thiab txhua tus raug rau nws. Peb cov lus tsis muaj qhov zam. Nws kuj mob qee zaum. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tsis yog ib tug soulless creatures, thiab nws txoj hauj lwm tsis yog tsuas yog hloov cov ntaub ntawv qhuav. Tsis yog, nws xav nkag mus tob, nkag mus rau qhov tseem ceeb, txhawb nqa, zoo siab, hauv lwm lo lus - ua neej nyob puv npo, muaj lub neej zoo. Yog li cas koj yuav pab nws kom tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem? Muaj ib txoj kev tawm - niaj hnub siv "vitamin", uas yog phraseological units - piv txwv qhia. Nyob zoo, tho, lawv tsis tsuas yog kho peb cov lus, tab sis kuj qhia tus cwj pwm, kev xav, kev xav ntawm tus neeg hais lus rau qhov tshwm sim. Lub chav phraseological "ua qhov muag" yog ib qho ntawm "pab tauntsiav tshuaj." Vim li cas?
phraseology
Tsis yog txhua kab lus tuaj yeem muab cais ua ib pawg lus. Cov tom kawg muaj ntau tus yam ntxwv uas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab lus niaj hnub. Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho ruaj khov ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau dua lexemes ("ua lub qhov muag" tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab hais tias "ua sponges"). Qhov thib ob, nws muaj ib lub ntsiab lus, uas tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi ntawm txhua yam khoom muaj nyob hauv nws. Piv txwv li, "headlong" txhais tau tias ib yam - sai, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev correlates nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus "tawg" thiab "lub taub hau".
Raws li cov lus hais saum toj no, nws paub meej tias yog vim li cas thiaj li yuav nkag siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hais lus, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, voluminous kev taw qhia hauv kev hais lus - phraseology. Tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm no. Qhov no yog kev tsim ntawm ntau yam kev faib tawm, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm, thiab kev kawm ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Peb tawm tswv yim los xav txog cov lus qhia ruaj khov "ua qhov muag" raws li cov ntsiab lus no.
Keeb Kwm
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ib lo lus nug ua rau kuv nyuaj siab - qhov twg yog chav tsev hais lus los ntawm? Leej twg ua rau lub neej ua rau ob peb lo lus tsis muaj ntsej muag? Phraseological units yog txawv. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lawv muab faib ua haiv neeg Lavxias teb sab thiab qiv. Thawj yog yug los ntawm cov qub fairy tales, epics, nkauj, legends, chronicles. Lawv yog cov muaj tseeb reflectors ntawm lub nyuaj keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg, nws kab lis kev cai, ancient kab lis kev cai thiab kab lis kev cai. Aphorisms, nrhiav tsis tau tus nqi ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias, kuj yog rau pawg no. Piv txwv li, "yuav lub thoob","cov dej mis nyuj, lub txhab nyiaj jelly", "tsis muaj fluff lossis tis", "yav dhau los yog overgrown", "tseem da dej", "muab birch porridge", thiab lwm yam.
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov lus hais "ua qhov muag" - yuav ua li cas nrog txoj haujlwm no? Nws tsuas yog nyob rau pawg thib ob - qiv, raws li nws tuaj rau peb los ntawm lus Fab Kis. Raws li kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws txhais lus Shansky N. M. "Qhov kev paub ntawm kev tsom xam etymological ntawm Lavxias teb sab phraseological units", qhov kev piav qhia yog ib daim ntawv tracing, uas yog, cov lus txhais los ntawm Fabkis hom faire des yeux doux - "ua rau lub qhov muag qab zib.."
"ua qhov muag" txhais li cas?
Rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev hais lus, nrog rau kev nkag siab tias lo lus no lossis lo lus ntawd txhais li cas, ib tus yuav tsum xa mus rau cov lus piav qhia piav qhia. Thankfully muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Cov no yog "Cov Lus Txhais Lus Loj Loj ntawm Cov Lus Lavxias" kho los ntawm V. N. Teliya, thiab "Cov Lus Txhais Etymological ntawm Lavxias teb sab Phraseology" kho los ntawm N. M. Shansky, thiab "Lavxias Phraseology. Keeb kwm thiab etymological phau ntawv txhais lus "Birikha A. K. Thiab ntau lwm tus.
Txhua qhov chaw saum toj no hais li cas txog qhov kev qhia "pob qhov muag"? Lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev phraseological yog raws li nram no: flirt, flirt, flirt, openly show your sympathy. Nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov tias qhov kev qhia no tau siv ntau zaus hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog poj niam.
Somatic tivthaiv
Peb tseem xav txog lub ntsiab lus "Ua qhov muag: lub ntsiab lus ntawm phraseology". Ntawm cov loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg tshwj xeeb, heev tseem ceeb thiabCov khoom tsim tau zoo heev, cov chav phraseological nrog cov khoom somatic yog qhov txawv. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias ib tug neeg los rau hauv kev sib cuag, kawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud los ntawm lub prism ntawm nws tus kheej, uas yog, nws piav txog cov khoom, tsiaj txhu, endowing lawv nrog nws tus kheej daim duab thiab zoo li. Lawv qhov txawv feature yog qhov muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus denoting qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ntawm ib tug neeg los yog tsiaj. Cov no tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si sab nraud ntawm lub cev (lub taub hau, pob ntseg, qhov muag, qhov ncauj, caj npab, ceg) thiab cov khoom nruab nrog cev (lub siab, siab, plab). Piv txwv li, " puzzle " - tensely daws qhov teeb meem nyuaj, "nrog lub qhov ntswg gulkin" - me ntsis, ib qho tseem ceeb npaum li cas ntawm ib yam dab tsi, "tom koj tus nplaig" - sharply kaw, tsis xav muab tawm ib tug zais cia, "lub suab ntawm. lub siab" - intuition, ib tug tiag tiag kev nkag siab ntawm tej yam, "dawb siab" - ib tug manifestation ntawm cowardice thiab ntau lwm tus.
Nws yog qhov nthuav tias kev sib txuas ruaj khov nrog cov khoom siv somatic "ob lub qhov muag" yog qhov ntau dua thiab ua qhov thib ob tom qab cov lus hais uas suav nrog lo lus "lub taub hau". Pom tau tias, rau txhua tus neeg, tsis hais haiv neeg twg, qhov muag tseem yog daim iav ntawm tus ntsuj plig, tsis yog tsuas yog lub ntiaj teb sab hauv xwb, tab sis kuj tseem pab kom nkag siab, saib xyuas, kawm txog kev muaj tiag. Kev lees paub ntawm qhov no thiab somatism "ua qhov muag". Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav tau ib lub ntsiab lus rau nws: ua si nrog koj ob lub qhov muag, tua nrog koj ob lub qhov muag, twirl koj tus Tsov tus tw, ua ob lub qhov muag. Thiab dua, lo lus "qhov muag" feem ntau yog siv los ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
Lwm yam lus
Qiv somatic phraseological units yog, raws li txoj cai, cov kab lus thoob ntiaj teb. RauPiv txwv li, cov lus qhia "ua qhov muag" - flirt, flirt, muaj nws cov analogues hauv ntau hom lus. Hauv cov lus ntawm Foggy Albion, nws suab zoo li ua lub qhov muag ntawm smb, uas txhais tau tias "ua qhov muag ntawm ib tug neeg", lossis ua yaj lub qhov muag ntawm smb - "ua kom yaj lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug neeg." Hauv German, peb pom qhov tig tom ntej mit den Wimpern klimpern, uas txhais tau tias zoo li "strumming lossis ua si nrog cov plaub muag". Hauv Fab Kis, cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov lus qhia tis, peb hnov faire des yeux doux - "ua rau lub qhov muag qab zib". Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov piv txwv saum toj no, chav kawm phraseological tau khaws cov duab - "qhov muag", nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kev xav tau piav qhia, uas txhais tau hais tias tseem muaj lub ntsiab lus - flirt, flirt.
