Muaj ib lub tswv yim hais tias cov lus German nyuaj heev rau kev kawm thiab yuav luag tsis paub. Qee cov tub ntxhais kawm tau ceeb toom los ntawm cov lus ntev dhau lawm, thaum lwm tus tau ceev faj txog ntau yam nuances hauv kev hais lus German. Tab sis yog hom lus no nyuaj kawm tiag tiag - cia peb xam pom hauv kab lus no.
Qhov nyuaj ntawm lus German yog dab tsi?
Rau cov neeg pib tshiab, cov qauv sau ntawv tuaj yeem nyuaj, vim hais tias cov lus German muaj ntau txoj cai thiab kev zam. Thaum pib, kev kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws yuav nyuaj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj niaj hnub crammed tag nrho cov kev cai grammatical, sim ua kom paub cov lus hais - thiab hauv German lawv yog qhov nthuav heev thiab tshwj xeeb - thiab cov npe tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm cov lus tshiab kom nco.. Dab tsi yog tus lej hauv German! Qee qhov teeb meem kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lawv cov lus, vim tias, raws li txoj cai, cov lej German ntev heev thiab thaum xub thawj siab tsis nkag siab. Tab sis yog tias koj ua tib zoo nkag siab lub ntsiab lus, ces tag nrho cov teeb meem raug liam yuav vau zoo li lub tsev ntawm daim npav.
Derivation hauv German
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, hauv German kev tsim cov lus yog qhov nyuaj thiab txawv txav, uas yog, los ntawm ob peb lo lus Germans txawj tsim ib lo lus ntev heev thiab tsis nkag siab rau tus pib. Tab sis qhov tseeb nws tsis yog li ntawd nyuaj. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog qhov zoo uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau, tau kawm ob peb lo lus German, maj mam ntxiv lawv thiab tau txais ib lo lus nrog peb lub ntsiab lus! Tab sis kev hais lus ntawm cov lus German, uas yog cov sib xyaw ua ke, tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tus neeg kawm German ua lus txawv teb chaws.
Txoj cai lo lus tseem siv tau rau cov lej hauv German, cov lus hais yog tib yam nrog cov lus zoo tib yam. Cov. tus lej ua raws tib txoj cai ib yam li lwm lo lus.
Vim li cas kuv yuav tsum kawm German tshwj xeeb?
Muaj ntau yam laj thawj uas koj yuav tsum pib kawm lus txawv teb chaws los ntawm German. Cov laj thawj no yuav muab hauv qab no:
- German tsis nyuaj li nws tau tsim los ua. Raws li txoj cai, cov lus German tau pom los ntawm pob ntseg raws li lawv tau sau rau ntawm daim ntawv, tsuas yog kev paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm tsab ntawv tseem ceeb. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis xav kawm cov tsiaj ntawv German rau cov neeg pib nrog kev hais lus, vim nws yog raws li cov ntawv Latin, uas, hmoov zoo, cov neeg feem coob twb paub lawm. Thiab yog tias, ntxiv rau txhua yam, koj tseem paub lus Askiv ntawm qib zoo, ces qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Vim hais tias lus Askiv thiab German muaj cov hauv paus hniav, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj ntau qhov sib xws. Qhov tseeb no ua pov thawj tias yog tias koj paub lus Askiv, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau koj kawm German, kev hais lus zoo li nyuaj, tab sis qhov tseeb tsis muaj dab tsi ua tsis tau ntawm no.
- German yog ib hom lus hais ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe. Tom qab tag nrho, German, Lus Askiv thiab Fabkis yog peb hom lus ntawm European Union. Thiab German yog hom lus thib ob feem ntau siv. Tab sis yog tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account cov neeg hais lus lawv tus kheej, ces German tawm los rau saum toj ntawm cov lus siv ntau zaus. Yog li ntawd, kev paub ntawm German muab rau koj tsawg kawg yog 100 lab tus tib neeg rau kev sib txuas lus nyob. Tau kawg, qhov no tsis yog tag nrho billion, xws li, piv txwv li, hauv Suav, tab sis tseem.
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German yog cov lus ntawm cov neeg tsim kho tshiab thiab cov neeg tsim khoom.
feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo tau yug los hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ntau tshaj 100 Nobel Prizes tau muab rau cov kws tshawb fawb German rau kev ua tiav zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm physics, tshuaj, chemistry, ntawv nyeem, thiab lwm yam. Thiab qhov no tsis yog txawm hais txog ob tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb German - Austria thiab Switzerland.
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German kab lis kev cai yog ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej cuab tam.
Germans paub tias muaj lub koob npe nrov rau cov kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab cov neeg nyiam kev xav, tab sis lub ntiaj teb hais lus German kuj muaj npe nrov rau lub siab zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm. suab paj nruag, ntawv nyeem, kos duab thiab philosophy. Nws yog hom lus ntawm cov kws sau ntawv Mozart, Bach, Schubert, Beethoven thiab Wagner. Kev kawm hom lus no yuav muab sijhawm zoo rau koj los ntsuas koj tus kheej, tsis muaj tus neeg txhais lus, cov txuj ci ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom zoo uas yuav tsis nco qab. Tom qab tag nrho, dab tsi yog ib qho nqi xwb"Faust" los ntawm Goethe!
Tau kawg, cov no tsis yog txhua qhov laj thawj vim li cas nws tsim nyog kawm German. Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, kev paub lus txawv teb chaws qhib lub qhov rais mus rau lub ntiaj teb uas muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tshwj xeeb.
Hais lus German suab
Lub suab ntawm German cov lus thiab suab txawv heev ntawm kev hais lus Lavxias. Hauv German, cov lus hais yog cov leeg thiab hnyav dua. Nws yeej muab German suab siv zog thiab siv.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 44 lub suab nyob rau hauv German, 16 ntawm cov uas yog vowels, 22 consonants, 3 affricates thiab 3 yog diphthongs. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov suab txawv txawv txawv yog siv hauv kev hais lus German: /ʌ/, /æ/, /ŭ/, /ɔ:/, /w/, /y̆/, /θ/, / œ:/, /ə:/, /ðspan>/, /ʤ/. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov suab tsis zoo no tsuas yog siv los ntawm cov lus txawv teb chaws.
Hais lus nta ntawm German suab
Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov lus German yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hais cov suab xws li: t, p, k, s, f, (i)ch, sch thiab (a)ch.
Ib qho tseem ceeb thaum hais lus German yog qhov qhib qhov ncauj dav.
Kev hais lus ntawm German vowels yuav tsum tau nce di ncauj ua haujlwm.
Yog lo lus German pib nrog tus vowel, ces tus vowel no yuav tsum tau hais kom meej thiab sharply, nrog ib tug nruj nreem ntawm lub suab cords.
BHauv txoj ntsiab cai, feem ntau cov ntawv German yog yooj yim rau kev hais. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov tsiaj ntawv German muaj tsawg tus tsiaj ntawv uas hu ua umlauts.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab piv txwv ntawm kev hais lus German, rau qhov no ib lub rooj nrog cov lus txhais tau muab:
| Tsab ntawv hauv German | Russian suab ntawm tsab ntawv German | Kev txhais lus | Example |
A |
a | [a: | der Apfel (apple) |
B B |
bae | [bε: | die Biene (bee) |
C |
tse | [tsε: | der Clown (clown) |
D D |
te | [de: | |
E E |
e | [e: | der Elefant (tso) |
F F |
eff | [εf] | der Fisch (ntses) |
G G |
ge | [ge] | die Gans (goose) |
HH |
ha | [ha: | der Hase (hare) |
Kuv |
thiab | [i: | in (in) |
J J |
iot | [jot] | das Jod |
K K |
ka | [ka: | der Katze (cat) |
L L |
[εl] | die Lampe | |
M M |
um | [εm] | die Maus (mouse) |
N N |
en | [εn] | die Nadel (needle) |
O |
o | [o: | die Oliven (txiv ntseej) |
P |
pe | [pe: | die Palme |
Q Q |
ku | [ku: | |
R R |
er | [εr] | das Radie (xov tooj cua) |
S S |
es | [εs] | das Sonne (sun) |
T T |
te | [te: | die Tomate |
UU |
y | [u: | die Uhr (teev) |
V V |
fau | [fao] | der Vogel (crow) |
W W |
ve | [ve: | die Wanne (bath) |
X X |
x | [iks] | der Bo xer (boxer) |
YY |
upsilon | [ypsilon] | der Yoga (yoga) |
Z Z |
zet | [tsεt] | |
Ä Ä |
e | [ε] | der Bär (dais) |
Ö Ö |
die Öle (sunflower oil) | ||
Ü Ü |
[y] | die übung (kev tawm dag zog) | |
S |
S | [s] | der Fu ß (ko taw) |
Accent
Raws li kev ntxhov siab hauv cov lus ntawm German keeb kwm, nws muaj tus cwj pwm ruaj khov thiab tsis tshua muaj peev xwm hloov nws qhov chaw qub hauv ib lo lus.
Rau cov hauv paus hniav, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thawj lub suab. Yog hais tias muaj prefixes muaj, ces tog twg los lub prefix yuav coj kev nyuaj siab rau nws tus kheej, los yog lub hauv paus nws tus kheej. Raws li rau German postfixes, feem ntau lawv tsis percussive. Tab sis hauv cov lus sib xyaw, ob qhov kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm - lub ntsiab thiab theem nrab. Accented abbreviations yeej ib txwm muaj tsab ntawv kawg.
