Alexander Nevsky yog ib tus neeg muaj keeb kwm zoo nkauj heev uas tau ua ntau yam rau kev loj hlob ntawm Russia. Tom qab nkag mus rau lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm nyuaj, nws tswj tsis tau tsuas yog khaws cia thaj chaw uas tau muab rau nws, tab sis kuj ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib raug zoo nrog Golden Horde, thiab tseem yuav tawm tsam cov Crusaders ntawm Lake Peipsi. Tag nrho cov lus tseeb no paub zoo, tab sis dhau li ntawm qhov no, muaj ntau yam zais cia thiab tsis paub nyob ib puag ncig tus tub huabtais canonized los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj uas cuam tshuam lub siab ntawm keeb kwm thiab archaeologists. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, cov kws tshawb fawb muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky, uas zoo li txawv txawv rau Slavic kab lis kev cai. Txawm hais tias mus txog rau tam sim no cov khoom no, khaws cia hauv Armory ntawm Moscow Kremlin, tau suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog hnav khaub ncaws ntawm Grand Duke, cov kws tshawb fawb tau qhia ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm nws cov keeb kwm. Niaj hnub no peb yuav sim unravel qhov paub tsis meej uas Alexander lub kaus mom hlau tau khaws cia rau ntau pua xyoo. Nevsky.
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Lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky, uas nws daim duab tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv keeb kwm tsev kawm ntawv, tau khaws cia hauv Armory tau ntau xyoo. Nws yog ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws. Thiab nws yeej zoo heev impressive. Kwv yees li ntawm nws hnub tim kaum peb, tab sis nws paub tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xya lub kaus mom hlau tau hloov pauv thiab tau txais kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv.
Alexander Nevsky lub kaus mom hlau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau liab thiab muaj cov duab semicircular. Nws yog them nrog kub thiab nyiaj ornate ornaments, tag nrho ib ncig ntawm lub kaus mom hlau yog decorated nrog precious pob zeb thiab pearls. Ib tug kws tshaj lij hauv tsev hais plaub tau tso ntau tshaj ob puas rubies, yuav luag ib puas pob zeb diamond thiab kaum emeralds rau ntawm nws. Ntawm lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub kaus mom hlau muaj ib lub lacquer me me uas piav txog tus tubtxib saum ntuj Michael, thiab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov vaj ntxwv vaj ntxwv thiab tus ntoo khaub lig Orthodox tau kos. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog dab tsi ua rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav qhia tshwj xeeb, tag nrho cov lus tsis meej nyob hauv cov ntawv sau uas luam tawm ib ncig ntawm taw tes saum. Koj puas xav paub dab tsi yog sau rau ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky? Koj yuav xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias cov ntawv sau ua lus Arabic thiab muaj ib nqe lus los ntawm Kaulees. Vim li cas thiaj muaj ntawv Arabic ntawm Alexander Nevsky lub kaus mom hlau? Yuav ua li cas ib tug Orthodox prince hnav armor nrog inscriptions ntawm Lwm Haiv Neeg? Cia peb sim qhia qhov zais cia me ntsis.
Dab tsi yog sau rau ntawm Alexander Nevsky lub kaus mom hlau?
Yog li cas zais qhov nokeeb kwm artifact? Raws li peb tau hais lawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Cov ntawv sau Arabic (peb tau suav nrog cov duab hauv tsab xov xwm no) tau txhais tau yooj yim heev, thiab lawv qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog Kaulees tau paub nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Cov hauv qab no tau sau ua qauv zoo nkauj ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm tus huab tais Lavxias: "Zoo siab rau cov neeg ncaj ncees nrog kev cog lus ntawm Vajtswv txoj kev pab thiab kev yeej nrawm."
Nco ntsoov tias nqe lus no nrov heev rau cov neeg Muslims. Nws yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov nqe lus tseem ceeb ntawm Quran. Nrog dab tsi lub hom phiaj tus tswv tau muab nws rau lub kaus mom hlau ntawm tus huab tais Lavxias? Nov yog qhov zais cia uas peb tseem tsis tau pom.
Tsis paub ntawm Alexander Nevsky
Alexander Nevsky yog tus cwj pwm txawv tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Raws li tus tub ntawm Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodich, nws tshwm sim rau cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv raws li ib tug neeg txawj ntse thiab pom deb ntawm tus kav uas tswj kom tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog Golden Horde thiab txawm cuam tshuam nws txoj cai txawv teb chaws.
Xav tsis thoob, qhov kev phooj ywg coj txawv txawv no nrog cov Tatars ua rau muaj ntau cov lus nug txawm nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm ntawm tus tub huabtais. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm muaj txawm hais tias Alexander Nevsky yog Batu Khan tus tub. Feem ntau, cov lus dab neeg no tau yug los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tus tub huabtais mus xyuas Horde plaub zaug hauv nws lub neej tag nrho thiab hu ua Sartak, tus tub ntawm Batu, nws lub npe hu ua tij laug. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nyob rau hauv lub horde, tub huabtais Alexander ua npau suav ntawm tsim ib tug ruaj khov ntawm ib tug ntseeg lub xeev thiab txawm ntxias Sartak kom txais Orthodoxy. Qhov txawv tshaj plaw thiab kev phooj ywg ntawm tib neeg tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov twg cov ntawv Arabic ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky tuaj ntawm, yog tias tsis yog rau ib qho."tab sis". Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tias Lavxias teb sab tub huabtais mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Russia nyob rau hauv armor nrog inscriptions nyob rau hauv Arabic thiab Orthodox cim. Nws tsuas yog ua tsis tau thaum lub sijhawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, Lavxias teb sab craftsmen tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom no, uas yog qhov zoo sib xws nrog tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm oriental forging. Yog li ntawd, lub kaus mom hlau no tuaj qhov twg los thiab leej twg yog tus sau?
Helmet Forger: Nws yog leej twg?
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib cav ntev ntev txog leej twg forged lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky. Cov ntawv sau Arabic zoo li taw qhia meej meej rau nws cov keeb kwm Eastern. Tab sis ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob paub meej txog dab tsi hauv keeb kwm.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, kev ua hlau yog tsim heev, Slavic masters feem ntau txawm qhia cov khoom siv tes ua no rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov cuab yeej cuab tam Lavxias tau ua kom ruaj khov thiab txawj ua. Tab sis nws tsis yog kev cai los kho lawv nrog cov ntawv Arabic. Thiab yuav ua li cas qhov no yuav ua tau - tom qab tag nrho, nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum peb caug xyoo, lub Tatar-Mongol quab yuam dominated Russia. Tom qab ntawd yog vim li cas cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky ua hauv Arabic? Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua ntau qhov kev xav txog qhov no.
Raws li ib tug ntawm lawv, lub kaus mom hlau yog khoom plig los ntawm Khan ntawm Golden Horde rau tus huab tais Lavxias, ua cim kev phooj ywg thiab kev hwm. Qhov khoom plig tau txais Alexander Nevsky tsis quav ntsej thiab muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov kev sib tw ua tub rog. Nws zoo li lub kaus mom hlau tau tsim hauv Sarai-Batu, lub peev ntawm Golden Horde. Qhov no version muaj txoj cai kom muaj nyob, vim nws tau raug pov thawj tias Khan cov tub rog yeej tsis tua cov neeg txawj ntse. Lawv nyob hauv lub nroogCov hordes tsim tsuas yog tiag tiag masterpieces ntawm kos duab. Cov kws ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws tau ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo heev, riam phom zoo thiab, tau kawg, cov cuab yeej cuab tam.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov qauv no, tsuas yog ib lo lus nug tshwm sim - yog vim li cas lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky, ua los ntawm cov tswv oriental, muaj cov cim Orthodox? Nov yog qhov uas cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau rack lawv lub hlwb ua ntej lawv tso tawm qhov kev xav tshiab.
Historical value of the kaus mom
Lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Alexander Nevsky, cov ntawv sau lus Arabic uas tsa ntau cov lus nug, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xya, nws tau nthuav tawm rau Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov ua khoom plig. Cov nyiaj tau los ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj muaj koob muaj npe tau faib rau nws kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev hais plaub tus tswv Nikita Danilov, nws tau txais khoom kim heev uas tsis tau muaj dua.
Txij thaum ntawd los, lub kaus mom hlau tau dhau los ua tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb ntawm tsars Lavxias. Thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, nws twb txawm muab tso rau lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm lub xeev. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg hais tias xws li ib tug unprecedented txuas ntawm Romanovs rau cov ntsiab lus no yog piav heev yooj yim - nws txhais tau hais tias lub continuation ntawm Romanov dynasty, uas tau los ua tus kav tom qab Rurikovichs. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau lub kaus mom thaum ub tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb, zoo li nws tau lees paub lub hwj chim tshiab. Lub kaus mom hlau muaj npe hu ua "Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich's Jericho Hat"
Erichon kaus mom: lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe
Muaj ob peb lub kaus mom Yelikhau nyob hauv Armory. Lawv yog cov kaus mom hlauhnav los ntawm Russian princes. Cov khoom no yeej ib txwm muaj cov tsos thiab ntau yam decorations. Cov neeg keeb kwm ntseeg hais tias cov khoom no tsis tau siv ntau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum lawv tau ua cov khoom siv rau hauv kev ua yeeb yam lossis thaum lub sijhawm ua kev cai dab qhuas.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub npe ntawm cov "caps" no nthuav. Qhov tseeb yog tias Lavxias teb sab tsars koom nrog lawv tus kheej nrog Yexus thiab yeej Jericho. Lawv suav hais tias lawv tus kheej yog cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau npaj txhij los tsoo txhua tus yeeb ncuab uas tau nkag mus rau Russia. Txhawm rau hem cov yeeb ncuab, txhawb nqa lawv cov tub rog thiab muab qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv tus neeg, cov kaus mom ua koob tsheej, lub npe hu ua "Ericho caps", tau muab tso rau.
Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias thawj lub kaus mom Yericho, uas yog qhov qub tshaj plaws, kuj tseem kim tshaj plaws. Nws tus nqi tshaj tus nqi ntawm tsib lwm yam khoom zoo sib xws ua ke.
Tus zais ntawm Alexander Nevsky lub kaus mom hlau
History, raws li koj paub, feem ntau cuam tshuam cov kws tshawb fawb ntau dua li cov lus teb. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb archaeological tau hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov lawv tau coj los ua. Hmoov tsis zoo, ib zaj dab neeg zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim nrog Alexander Nevsky lub kaus mom hlau.
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, thev naus laus zis tau mus txog theem uas lawv tuaj yeem qhia tau tseeb hnub tsim khoom. Lub kaus mom nto moo, uas haunted historians nrog nws cov uniqueness, kuj raug rau kev tshawb fawb. Tom qab ntau manipulation, nws tau pom tias version ntawm lub kaus mom hlau uas yog Alexander Nevsky tsuas yoglus dab neeg. Cov kws tshaj lij tau txiav txim siab tias cov khoom no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 17th, yuav luag plaub puas xyoo tom qab Prince Alexander tuag.
Zoo kawg, qhov no tsis tau ua kom yooj yim rau cov kws tshawb fawb los txiav txim siab tus tswv uas ua lub kaus mom hlau thiab nws lub hom phiaj. Cov paub tsis meej txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog keeb kwm ntawm lub kaus mom hlau
Nco ntsoov, cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tsis tau xaus rau keeb kwm ntawm lub kaus mom hlau. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij txuas ntxiv hais tias nws tseem koom nrog Alexander Nevsky, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kuaj sim tsuas yog ua yuam kev hauv kev suav.
Lawv qhov kev sib cav tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb tias Romanovs yuav tsis tig ib lub kaus mom tsis paub uas tsis muaj nuj nqis keeb kwm rau hauv ib qho khoom plig thiab piav qhia nws ntawm lub xeev cim. Tau kawg, tseem muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus sib cav no. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tias tus huab tais tshiab siv nyiaj ntau npaum li cas los kho lub kaus mom hlau zoo tib yam nrog cov ntawv sau Arabic, thiab tom qab ntawd pib siv nws ua cov khoom tseem ceeb festive.
Txawm hais tias zaj dab neeg no ntxim nyiam npaum li cas nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm cov neeg hlub uas sawv ntawm qhov kev xav pom, peb tsis tuaj yeem thim qhov kev tshawb fawb loj thiab yuav tsom mus rau lawv hauv kab lus.
Versions txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Mikhail Fedorovich lub kaus mom Jericho
Yog tias peb coj los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov qauv uas lub kaus mom hlau tau tshwm sim ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm huab tais nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, ces kev tshawb pom qhov zais cia ntawm nws cov keeb kwm tsis muaj qhov nthuav ntau dua li kev kawm txog nws tus tswv. Feem ntau cov neeg keeb kwm tau xav tias lub kaus mom hlau oriental yog khoom plig los ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb heevtib neeg.
Tej zaum nws yog ib qho khoom plig ntawm kev ua nom ua tswv, uas vaj ntxwv tsuas tuaj yeem txais tsis tau. Tab sis yuav ua li cas muab lub kaus mom hlau nrog cov ntawv sau txawv teb chaws? Lo lus nug no, feem ntau yuav, cuam tshuam Mikhail Fedorovich. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, muaj cov neeg txawj ntse txaus ntawm lub tsev hais plaub uas hais ntau yam lus txawv teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev xav tias vajntxwv tsis paub txog kev txhais cov lus sau cia yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau nyiam rau cov qauv raws li Romanov pom txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov xwm txheej me me - nws tau hais kom kho cov khoom nrog cov cim Orthodox, uas cuam tshuam kev mloog ntawm cov ntawv sau hauv Arabic, thiab tig mus rau qhov txaus ntshai. khoom plig rau hauv lub xeev.
Tau kawg, qhov no tsuas yog lwm qhov version, tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb thiab tsis mus dhau qhov xwm txheej keeb kwm.
Tsis Paub Sab Hnub Tuaj: kev sib xyaw ntawm ob haiv neeg
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub kaus mom hlau khaws cia hauv Armory tau muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm no yog cov pov thawj scientific tseeb. Tab sis ib qho kev paub tsis meej ntawm cov ntawv sau Arabic tseem nyob - Lavxias teb sab riam phom, ntau yam khoom, thiab txawm tias Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj cov khoom siv feem ntau tau sau nrog cov ntawv Arabic. Nws zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis qhov tseeb hais rau lawv tus kheej - Arab thiab Slavic kab lis kev cai muaj kev sib raug zoo heev.
Lub Armory muaj cov ntawv luam ntawm riam phom txaus, uas tau kos nrog ntau cov lus hauv Arabic. Ntxiv mus, tag nrho cov riam phom no tsis yog khoom plig, lawv tau ua los ntawm Slavic craftsmen, los yog tau txais khoom plig. Tab sis tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom muab yog yooj yimamazing.
Ntau tus neeg keeb kwm txawm hais tias qhov kev xav tsis zoo uas nyob rau lub sijhawm qub Arabic tau siv los ua lus hauv pawg ntseeg. Qhov no tso cai rau peb pom zoo rau tus npis sov lub taub hau, uas muaj lub pov haum zoo nkauj nrog cov ntawv sau Arabic. Ntau qhov kev pom zoo sib xws tau ua los ntawm archaeologists.
Tau kawg, tsis yog lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb lossis lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tau lees paub qhov tseeb no, vim tias nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv kev nkag siab ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm.
Zoo kawg
Tab sis dab tsi txog lub kaus mom hlau tiag tiag ntawm Alexander Nevsky? Nws nyob qhov twg? Tej zaum nws yuav chim rau koj, tab sis nws tseem tsis tau pom. Yog li ntawd, archaeologists thiab historians muaj txhua lub caij nyoog rau ib hnub twg kov lub kaus mom hlau tiag tiag, uas yog tus tub loj ntawm Yaroslav Fedorovich.
