Tam sim no, Unified State Examination hauv Cov Ntawv Sau tsis suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov ntawv xeem uas yuav tsum tau xeem thaum kawg ntawm tsev kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub xeev kev xeem no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau nkag mus rau ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Lavxias. Nws tuaj yeem yog philology lossis sau xov xwm, TV, nrog rau kev hais lus thiab ua yeeb yam. Peb tsab xov xwm yuav qhia rau koj paub meej yam koj yuav tsum paub kom dhau cov ntaub ntawv (USE).
Exam Features
Nyob rau xyoo 2017, muaj cov lus xaiv hais tias cov qauv ntawm kev xeem ntawv kawm tiav hauv cov ntaub ntawv yuav hloov pauv ntau. Tab sis nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj ntawm tib lub xyoo, nws tau paub tias qhov kev sim no tau hloov pauv tsawg kawg nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ib qho ntawm nws qhov kev xam phaj, Minister of Education Olga Vasilyeva tau hais tias lwm tus qauv zoo dua ntawm lub xeev kev xeem yuav siv rau xyoo tom ntej,uas tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas. Yog li, cov haujlwm xeem tau raug cais tawm ntawm KIMs. Tam sim no nws nyuaj dhau qhov kev xeem hauv cov ntaub ntawv? Wb sib paub ua ke.
Vim li cas qhov kev xeem raug tshem tawm?
Nyob rau hauv kev xav ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom, cov haujlwm uas muaj kev xaiv cov lus teb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis muaj qhov nyuaj. Lawv tsuas yog ib qho ntxiv rau kev ntsuam xyuas. Hauv cov haujlwm zoo li no, muaj qhov sib faib loj ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev twv cov lus teb kom raug, thiab cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas tsis pom zoo rau qhov no.
Ntxiv rau, nws tau paub tias hauv kev xeem ntawv nyeem, cov neeg kawm tiav yuav tsis pom cov lus nug thiab cov haujlwm ntawm qhov qhib, qhov twg lawv yuav tsum teb ua ib lo lus lossis ib ntu ntawm cov lej. Yog li, cov neeg kawm tiav poob lub sijhawm kom tau qhab nia rau kev paub txog kev sau ntawv. Yog li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais kawm C yuav tsis tuaj yeem tawm nrog "tso ntshav me ntsis" los ntawm kev dhau ib feem ntawm qhov kev xeem. Xyoo 2018, cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav yuav tsum ua kom pom lub peev xwm ua kom zoo nkauj thiab nthuav qhia lawv tus kheej kev xav.
Kev xav tau ntawm kev sim. Compositions
Nws paub tias yuav tsum tau sau ntau tsab ntawv rau Kev Xeem Ntawv. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv tau nce qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntim ntawm "lub ntsiab" sau ntawv. Xyoo dhau los, tus nqi no tsawg kawg yog 200 lo lus, tab sis twb dhau xyoo 2018, tus kawm tiav yuav tsum tau sau ntawv 50 lo lus ntau dua li xyoo dhau los.
Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm lub koom haum tau teev tsegcov kev xav tau rau cov ntawv sau me me rau xyoo tom ntej. Lawv yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 50 lo lus. Txij li xyoo 2018, qhov kev xav tau no siv tsis yog rau cov lus nug ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntawv nyeem xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov haujlwm sib piv. Cov neeg kawm tiav yav tom ntej muaj cov lus nug ntuj: "Koj yuav tsum ua dab tsi kom dhau cov ntawv nyeem (USE)?" Yog li ntawd, peb maj mam txav mus rau cov lus pom zoo.
Yuav ua li cas xeem dhau cov ntaub ntawv?
Yuav kom tau txais cov qhab nia siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev xeem, ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau xeem dhau. Nco ntsoov tias kev nyeem ntawv yuav siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog rau koj. Thiab cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi koj yuav tsum tau nyeem kom xeem dhau, peb yuav qhia me ntsis tom qab.
Thib ob, muaj ntau phau ntawv qhia kev muag khoom hauv cov khw muag ntawv uas lav kev xeem dhau yam tsis muaj kev paub ntau thiab kev siv zog. Koj tuaj yeem yuav tag nrho cov kev sib sau no, tab sis qhov tseeb, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tias yuav ua tiav tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj daws cov teeb meem hauv phau ntawv no, ces nws yuav yooj yim dua rau koj los teb cov lus nug ntawm kev xeem.
Thib peb, muaj kev xav tias tus kws qhia ntawv txaus siab thiab muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem qhia nws pawg ntseeg txhua yam tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau xeem dhau. Nug ua ntej yuav xeem dhau li cas hauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntiav cov kws qhia.
Thib plaub, muaj ntau qhov kev cai dab qhuas thiab cov cim ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm uas raug liam tias pab xeem dhau. Qhov tseeb, cov rituals no tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog lub ntiaj teb tiag. Tab sis los ntawm kev ua lawv, koj yuav yog koj tus kheejxav tias muaj kev ntseeg siab rau qhov kev xeem.
Kawm tiav
Peb nthuav qhia rau koj cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology, uas muab cov lus pom zoo thiab piav qhia yuav ua li cas dhau qhov kev xeem hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li txoj cai, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1, cov tub ntxhais kawm qib kaum ib mus rau hauv lub khw muag ntawv thiab yuav cov ntawv sau ntau ntawm cov ncauj lus no. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tam sim no raug qhia kom yuav cov khoom sau los ntawm xyoo dhau los, txij li cov qauv ntawm kev tswj thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv tsis hloov pauv, thiab lawv cov nqi qis dua. Ntau tus ua haujlwm nrog cov zaus xws li qee qhov daws cov lus sib dhos. Muaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas tsis muaj lub hauv paus theoretical tsim nyog rau kev sau ntawv. Tab sis lawv ua cov phiaj xwm, qhov twg lawv sau tawm cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov no dhau los ua tus cwj pwm uas tib neeg siv niaj hnub no, kawm hauv lub koom haum.
Nco ntsoov tias ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau tso npe rau USE npaj cov chav kawm hauv ntau yam kev kawm. Ntau tus pom zoo kom mus kawm cov chav kawm no. Raws li txoj cai, koj yuav tsum mus rau kev qhuab qhia ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, uas kav ntev li ob teev. Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm ua ntej kev xeem: koj yuav tsum tau sau ntawv thiab nyeem tas li thiaj li tuaj rau hauv chav kawm uas twb tau npaj lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kws qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau tuaj cawm. Nrog cov neeg kawm tiav, cov kws qhia ntawv qhia cov ntaub ntawv theoretical, nrog rau cov kev paub ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tshawb xyuas cov ntawv xeem. Yog li, ntau tus menyuam kawm ntawv xeem dhau ib puas lub ntsiab lus.
Ib ob peb lo lus hais txog daim ntawv teev lus tseeb
Raws li tau hais lawmsaum toj no, cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau kev xeem hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov loj heev. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los tshaj tawm cov npe no, txij li nws yog nyob rau hauv txhua qhov sau kom dhau qhov kev xeem. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum paub cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias thaum ub, nrog rau cov ntawv sau hauv 18th, 19th thiab 20th centuries. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub thiab nkag siab txog cov haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol, Fet, Nekrasov, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Ostrovsky, Tyutchev, Chekhov, Bunin, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva, Gorky, Yesenin, Pasternak, Mandelstam, Mayakovsky,, Sholokhov, Bulgakov, Tvardovsky, Solzhenitsyn thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv uas nws cov ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov ntawv tseeb uas tau kawm nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm qib 5 txog 11.
Cov Lus Qhia
Thaum pib tsab xov xwm no, muaj lus nug txog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev xeem dhau. Nws tsis yooj yim los teb nws, txij li lub tswv yim ntawm complexity yog txheeb ze. Rau qee cov menyuam yaus nws nyuaj rau kev sau ntawv, rau lwm tus nws nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas cov ntawv nyeem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xeem yog ib qho kev xeem uas koj yuav tsum tau npaj siab ua kom tau txais qhov xav tau.
Ua tsaug rau peb tsab xov xwm, tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas xeem dhau cov ntawv nyeem thiab koj yuav tsum ua dab tsi kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Nco ntsoov tias cov kws qhia ntawv uas tshawb xyuas cov ntawv sau cia xav kom cov neeg kawm tiav kom nkag siab txog qhov teeb meem thiab pom meej meej ntawm tus sau txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg tau txais ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum tau taw qhia nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem thiab cov lus sau. Peb thov kom koj ua tiav!
