Lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan belongs rau ntau lub tebchaws ntawm Lavxias Federation. Ntau tshaj li ib puas haiv neeg nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam me me, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xam cov pes tsawg tus ntawm lawv. Lub koom pheej hu ua constellation ntawm haiv neeg. Kev piav qhia, muaj ntau haiv neeg hauv Dagestan - pes tsawg hnub qub nyob saum ntuj.
Pab pawg haiv neeg hauv koom pheej
Dagestan yog thaj av ntau haiv neeg ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txawm tias tsuas sau tag nrho cov neeg uas nyob ntawm no, vim muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas ntawm lawv. Hauv Dagestan, haiv neeg feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li hom lus: ceg ntawm Dagestan-Nakh (txwv tsis pub nws yog hu ua Nakh-Dagestan), Turkic thiab Indo-European. Tus thawj belongs rau tsev neeg Iberian-Caucasian lus thiab yog feem ntau kom meej meej sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov Avars, uas yuav luag ib feem peb hauv Dagestan, nrog rau lwm cov neeg Caucasian. Cov pab pawg neeg Turkic belongs rau tsev neeg lus Altaic, nws tau sawv cev hauv lub tebchaws los ntawm yuav luag 19 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem. Rauceg Indo-European suav nrog lwm cov neeg tsis yog neeg Caucasian thiab tsis yog Turkic nyob hauv Dagestan. Nws yog xav paub tias tsis muaj lub npe hu ua haiv neeg hauv tebchaws Republic. Yog tias koj sau tag nrho cov haiv neeg ntawm Dagestan, daim ntawv teev npe yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis cov haiv neeg tsawg tau lees paub hauv tebchaws, 14.
Dagestan-Nakh ceg
Cov pejxeem ntawm Dagestan yog sawv cev feem ntau los ntawm cov neeg ntawm Dagestan thiab Nakh tsev neeg. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov no yog cov Avars - cov neeg coob coob ntawm cov koom pheej. Lawv nyob hauv cov av no 850 txhiab tus neeg, uas yog 29 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem. Lawv nyob hauv tej roob roob sab hnub poob. Hauv qee thaj chaw (piv txwv li, Shamilsky, Kazbekovsky, Tsumadinsky, Akhvakhsky) muaj txog li 100 feem pua ntawm Avars. Nyob rau hauv lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej, Makhachkala, muaj 21 feem pua ntawm Avars.
Lub tebchaws loj thib ob hauv Dagestan yog "Dargins", muaj 16 feem pua ntawm lawv nyob hauv lub tebchaws, lossis 330 txhiab tus neeg. Lawv nyob tsuas yog nyob rau hauv toj siab thiab foothills nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub koom pheej thiab feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog. Hauv cov nroog Izerbash, Dargins tsim ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv - 57%.
12 feem pua ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Dagestan yog sawv cev los ntawm Lezgins, uas nyob hauv koom pheej ntawm ntau dua 250 txhiab tus neeg. Lawv feem ntau nyob hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb: Akhtynsky, Kurakhsky, Magaramkentsky, Suleiman-Stalsky, Derbensky koog tsev kawm ntawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ceg ntawm Dagestan-Nakh tau qhia los ntawm Laks (5 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem), uas nyob hauv cheeb tsam Novolaksky, Tabasarans (4, 5).feem pua), Chechens (3%, feem ntau nyob hauv Khasavyurt, suav txog ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog). Tsawg dua ib feem pua yog Aguls, Tsakhurs, Rutuls hauv Dagestan.
Turkic haiv neeg hauv koom pheej
Cov haiv neeg nyob hauv Dagestan tau sawv cev los ntawm cov neeg ntawm ceg lus Turkic. Yog li, muaj ntau tshaj 260 txhiab Kumyks nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej, uas yog yuav luag 13 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem. Lawv feem ntau nyob hauv toj siab thiab hauv Tersko-Sulak lowland. Ib nrab nyob hauv nroog thiab 52 feem pua ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv cov nroog nyob deb nroog. 15% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej tseem yog Kumyks.
Nogais, 16% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Dagestan, yog haiv neeg uas muaj nws cov hauv paus hniav rov qab mus rau Golden Horde. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg no hu ua Crimean Nogai (tseem steppe) Tatars. Muaj 33,000 Nogais nyob hauv Dagestan, feem ntau nyob hauv cheeb tsam Nogai, thiab hauv lub zos Sulak.
Peb ntawm Turkic haiv neeg sawv cev hauv koom pheej ntawm Dagestan yog Azerbaijani. Lawv suav 88 txhiab tus neeg - 4 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem. Cov pej xeem nyob hauv Derbent, Dagestan Teeb.
Indo-European haiv neeg ntawm Dagestan
Vim lub koom pheej yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, cov pejxeem kuj sawv cev los ntawm Russians. Lawv nyob hauv Dagestan 150 txhiab tus neeg, uas yog ntau dua 7 feem pua ntawm cov pej xeem. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov pej xeem Lavxias nyob hauv Kizlyar (54%), Lavxias teb sab diaspora kuj muaj zog hauv Kaspiysk thiab Makhachkala (18%). TerekCossacks kuj koom nrog pawg no. Lawv nyob hauv thaj tsam Tarumovsky thiab Kizlyar. Ua ntej, thaum lub sij hawm Soviet Union, lub koom pheej tseem muaj ib tug tseem ceeb Ukrainian thiab Belarusian pejxeem. Tam sim no qhov feem pua yog tsawg heev - los ntawm 300 mus rau 1500 tus neeg.
Cov Tats yog nyob rau ceg Indo-European, uas raug cais nyob rau hauv tib pab pawg nrog cov neeg Yudais thiab koom ua ke nyob rau hauv lub npe Tat Jews. Tam sim no muaj 18 txhiab ntawm lawv nyob hauv Dagestan, uas yog 1% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Dagestan. Tats txuas ntxiv txo qis mus rau ntau lub tebchaws Israel.
Muaj pes tsawg haiv neeg nyob hauv Dagestan
Raws li cov pej xeem suav pej xeem ntawm thaum ntxov nees nkaum xyoo (2010) xyoo pua, txog ib puas haiv neeg tam sim no nyob hauv Republic. Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem suav lawv tus lej pes tsawg. Qee pawg neeg hauv Caucasus tseem tsis muaj lawv tus kheej cov lus sau. Tias yog vim li cas nws nyuaj heev los hais tias muaj pes tsawg haiv neeg nyob hauv Dagestan. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev suav pej xeem muaj teeb meem los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qee cov neeg koom nrog kev suav pej xeem hu lawv tus kheej cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov haiv neeg uas tsis muaj nyob: cov neeg nyob hauv Makhachkala, mestizos, Russians, Afro-Lavxias teb sab.
Raws li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua, cov haiv neeg hauv qab no tau sawv cev hauv tebchaws: Avars, Dargins, Lezgins, Kumyks, Russians, Laks, Tabasarans, Chechens, Nogais, Azerbaijanis, Jews, Rutuls, Aguls, Tsakhurs, Ukrainians, Tatars. Cov neeg no suav nrog ntau dua 99 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem, thiab cov pab pawg ntxiv yog sawv cev los ntawm cov haiv neeg me.
yog haiv neeg nyob hauvHauv Dagestan, feem ntau yog Avars. Lawv thib peb ntawm cov pejxeem. Tsev neeg Avar suav nrog cov pab pawg xws li Karatins, Andians, Tindals, Khvarshins, Ginukhs, Archins thiab ntau lwm tus.
Cov npe ntawm haiv neeg ntawm Dagestan tau hloov kho tas li. Yog li, piv txwv li, xyoo 2002, raws li kev suav pej xeem, 121 haiv neeg raug suav. Yim xyoo tom qab, daim duab no raug txo mus rau 117 pab pawg hauv tebchaws.
Pab neeg ntawm Republic
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Rosstat, ntau dua peb lab tus tib neeg nyob hauv Dagestan. Qhov no yog piv rau cov pejxeem ntawm cov nroog xws li Berlin, Rome, Madrid lossis tag nrho lub tebchaws: Armenia, Lithuania, Jamaica. Hauv tebchaws Russia, Dagestan nyob rau qib tsib ntawm cov neeg.
Cov pej xeem ntawm koom pheej pheej loj zuj zus tuaj. Qhov nce yog nce txog 13 feem pua ntawm ib xyoos. Hauv RD, qhov kev cia siab ntev ntev tau sau tseg - 75 xyoo. Thiab txhua xyoo cov nuj nqis no loj tuaj.
Languages of Dagestan
Feem coob ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub koom pheej hais lus Lavxias. Cov no yog 88 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem. 28% hais Avar, lwm 16% hais Dargin. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tshaj 10 feem pua ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Dagestan hais lus Lezgin, Kumyk. Lak, Azerbaijani, Tabasaran, Chechen tau hais txog li 5 feem pua ntawm cov pej xeem hauv lub tebchaws. Lwm yam lus sawv cev rau haiv neeg tsawg. Cov no yog Rutul, Agul, Nogai, Lus Askiv, Tsez, Tsakhur, German, Bezhta, Andinsky thiab ntau lwm tus. Kuj tseem muaj cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg hauv Dagestan, piv txwv li, 90 tus neeg hais lus Greek, ntau tshaj 100hais lus Korean, Italian, Kyrgyz, Hindi.
Kev ntseeg hauv Dagestan
Cov ntseeg nyob rau hauv koom pheej yog sawv cev feem ntau los ntawm Muslims. Xws li muaj nyob ntawm Dagestan-Nakh thiab Turkic haiv neeg. Cov zej zog Muslim feem ntau yog Sunni, tab sis kuj muaj Shiites ntawm Azerbaijanis thiab Lezgins. Cov neeg Yudais (Tats) qhia txog Judaism. Ntawm cov pej xeem Lavxias teb sab koom pheej muaj kuj yog cov ntseeg (Orthodox ceg).
