Homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais: piv txwv

Cov txheej txheem:

Homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais: piv txwv
Homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais: piv txwv
Anonim

Yog tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus piav qhia txog cov khoom thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, tib neeg hais lus yuav "qhuav" thiab tsis txaus siab. Txhua yam uas muaj ib tug kos npe rau yog qhia nyob rau hauv kab lus nrog kev pab los ntawm cov lus txhais. Nws yog qhov kev piav qhia ntawm cov khoom uas ua rau peb paub txog nws thiab peb tus cwj pwm ntawm nws: txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab, kev iab, tus neeg zoo nkauj, ib tug dawb thiab fluffy luav, thiab lwm yam. Cov lus piav qhia yam khoom pab kom nkag siab zoo dua.

Lub tswv yim ntawm cov tswv cuab homogeneous

Rau kev nthuav tawm ntau dua ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus lossis ntxiv dag zog rau ib feem ntawm nws, cov tswv cuab ntawm kab lus feem ntau siv homogeneous. Lawv teb tib lo lus nug thiab piav qhia lossis xa mus rau tib tus tswv cuab ntawm kab lus. Cov tswv cuab homogeneous yog ywj siab kiag li thiab txuas nrog hauv kab lus los ntawm enumerative intonation lossis los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Tsis tshua muaj, subordinating conjunctions tuaj yeem txuas rau lawv, qhia lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev pom zoo lossis yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim.

Piv txwv:

  • zaj movie nontev (concession) ho nthuav.
  • thawj nplooj daj poob thiab maj mam muab tso rau ntawm cov nyom (nplooj "koj ua dab tsi?" - poob thiab nteg - homogeneous predicates uas txiav txim siab qhov kev kawm).
  • homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais
    homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais
  • Muaj cov cwj mem liab, xiav, dub thiab ntsuab hauv cov ntawv xaum (homogeneous txhais cov ntsiab lus).
  • Lub rooj sib tham tau qeeb thiab tsis txaus siab (qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws qhia qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev kawm).

Txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm kab lus, ob qho tib si theem nrab thiab lub ntsiab, tuaj yeem ua homogeneous sib npaug. Nyuaj hauv cov ntawv sau feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog lawv qhov sib xws. Kom paub tias thaum twg commas xav tau thiab thaum tsis, koj yuav tsum to taub qhov txawv ntawm homogeneous thiab non-homogeneous txhais.

txhais yog heterogeneous thiab homogeneous

Homogeneous yog cov ntsiab lus uas xa mus rau ib tus tswv cuab ntawm kab lus lossis tus yam ntxwv ntawd, thiab teb ib nqe lus nug. Commas muab tso rau ntawm homogeneous txhais, raws li lawv piav txog ib yam khoom los ntawm ib sab lossis sau nws ntau yam, piv txwv li:

  • thawj tulips tau tawg hauv lub paj - liab, daj, liab thiab variegated (cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws qhia cov ntsiab lus tsuas yog los ntawm ib sab - los ntawm xim).
  • Lub rooj ntev zaum nyob rau hauv ib lub siab, tuab ntoo qhib thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau so hauv nws qhov ntxoov ntxoo (homogeneous txhais tau hais txog qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib ntxiv).
  • homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais piv txwv
    homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais piv txwv
  • Tsev, siab, cib yog qhov cim ntawm thaj chaw(Cov lus txhais tom qab lo lus txhais feem ntau yog homogeneous).

Heterogeneous txhais muab ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ib yam khoom los ntawm ntau lub ces kaum, characterizing nws los ntawm nws ntau yam zoo.

Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais. Piv txwv tau pom tias homogeneous raug faib raws li cov yam ntxwv thiab cov xwm txheej uas lawv tus yam ntxwv. Lawv kuj muaj ib qho intonation enumerative.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws.

Raws li txoj kev qhia cov paib thiab qhov chaw hauv kab lus, cov lus txhais sib txawv thiab cov lus txhais tau muab faib.

Heterogeneous suav nrog:

  • Cov lus txhais uas qhia lossis qhia cov khoom ntawm ib qho khoom los ntawm ntau lub kaum ntse ntse. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws ntau yam zoo tuaj yeem sau npe - cov duab, xim, qhov dav, qhov siab, cov khoom siv, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li: ib txoj phuam dub ntev tau qhwv ob peb zaug nyob ib ncig ntawm caj dab (cov ntsiab lus qhia qhov ntev thiab xim ntawm cov khoom).
  • Cov ntsiab lus suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov npe zoo thiab cov txheeb ze. Piv txwv li: ib tug hluas nkauj tshem tawm ib tug liab woolen mitten los ntawm nws txhais tes thiab stroked ib tug miv ("liab" yog ib tug zoo adjective characterizing xim, "woolen" yog ib tug txheeb ze, qhia cov khoom).
  • Cov ntsiab lus uas sawv cev los ntawm cov npe zoo uas yog cov pab pawg sib txawv. Piv txwv li: nws lub qhov muag zoo siab ntsuab squinted (ob lub ntsiab lus zoo qhia cov lus txhais los ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv).

Lwm lub cim qhia qhov txawv ntawm homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais (piv txwv kom pom qhov no) yog qhov tsis muajteev intonation thaum lawv nthuav tawm lawv cov khoom sib txawv hauv cov khoom.

Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm homogeneity

Txhawm rau txiav txim siab hom lus txhais li cas hauv kab lus, koj yuav tsum paub tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus lawv tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv li cas. Nyob rau hauv nqe lus "homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais" (Qib 8), cov cim tseem ceeb qhia txog homogeneity yog muab:

  • suav txog qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam khoom: aspens tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog daj, ntshav thiab liab nplooj, birches - golden (txhais tau tias cov nplooj ntoo ntawm cov xim sib txawv);
  • homogeneous thiab heterogeneous xeem txhais
    homogeneous thiab heterogeneous xeem txhais
  • qhia tawm cov cim ntawm ib qho khoom, ntawm ib sab, lossis lub xeev: sov, nyob ntsiag to, tsis muaj nag los nag los ntawm nplooj (homogeneous txhais qhia lub xeev nag);
  • txhua lub ntsiab lus tom ntej no qhia lossis ua kom tiav lub ntsiab lus ntawm yav dhau los: txhua lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj cov hav zoov tau hloov pauv luv luv, tau txais qhov tshwj xeeb, ci ntsa iab, saib tshwj xeeb (lub ntsiab lus tom ntej qhia lub ntsiab lus ntawm yav dhau los);
  • nruab nrab ntawm cov lus txhais koj tuaj yeem hloov lub koomhaum thiab: ntawm lub rooj yog xaum, tus cwj mem kos duab (xov thiab tus lej kos duab);
  • thaum lawv qhia cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm ib yam khoom, ua ke hauv cov ntsiab lus sib xws los ntawm ib qho khoom: qhov muag liab (liab vim mob);
  • thaum lawv sawv tom qab lo lus uas tau hais tseg: peb tam sim ntawd saib xyuas peb tus kheej ib tsob ntoo Christmas, siab, txaij (lub ntsiab lus "Christmas ntoo", tom qab ntawd muaj cov ntsiab lus piav qhia);
  • thaum tus menyuam yaus no ntawm kab lusNws yog ib qho lus piav qhia thiab cov kab lus koom nrog hauv qab no: ib qho khoom qab zib, toasted loaf tau muab tshem tawm ntawm qhov cub.

Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais yog cov cim cim hauv kab lus. Nrog homogeneous theem nrab cov ntsiab lus, lawv ib txwm muab tso.

cov cim cim rau homogeneous txhais

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug txiav txim siab seb puas yuav muab cov cim cim thaum muaj homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais hauv kab lus. Zaj Lus Qhia (qib 8) ntawm lub ncauj lus no muab cov piv txwv hauv qab no ntawm qhov chaw tso comma:

  • Thaum homogeneous txhais tau hais los ntawm ib lo lus zoo raws li cov kab lus koom nrog, ib qho comma muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lawv: tus tub muab nws niam ib pob paj loj ntawm cov paj qus uas nws tau sau.
  • homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais cov cim cim hauv kab lus
    homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais cov cim cim hauv kab lus
  • Thaum lawv teev cov cim ntawm ntau yam khoom, piv txwv li: liab, daj, txiv kab ntxwv, paj xiav, pleev xim rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm lub laj kab grey, ua rau nws ua koob tsheej.
  • Thaum teev cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ib yam khoom, qhia ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom: txias, tawv ice cream scoops yog txawv xim.
  • Thaum tag nrho cov ntsiab lus homogeneous hais txog ib lo lus thiab koj tuaj yeem muab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lawv thiab: nws teb nrog kev ncaj ncees, ua siab mos siab muag (tus saib ncaj ncees thiab ua siab mos siab muag).
  • Thaum lawv nyob ncaj nraim tom qab lo lus tau hais tseg: nws pom ib tug ntxhais zoo nkauj, tsis muaj zog, sib tw.
  • Thaum lawv teev cov khoom sib xws ntawm ib yam khoom hauv ib lub ntsiab lus: cua daj cua dub, qw nrov nrov, tawg tawgcua daj cua dub.
  • Thaum muaj cov cim qhia vim kev sib koom siab: hnyav, lingering downpour (lingering vim hnyav).

Commas tsis siv yog tias homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais tau sib cais los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab. Piv txwv li: pob liab thiab daj (cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws); lub tsev loj thiab ua los ntawm pob zeb (ntau lub ntsiab lus).

Cov cim ntxiv ntawm homogeneity thiab heterogeneity

Dhau li ntawm cov tseem ceeb, muaj cov cim ntxiv qhia tias cov ntsiab lus yog homogeneous. Qhov no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv poetic khi los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm cov lus sib dhos lossis cov lus siv. Hauv cov kev hais lus zoo li no, cov lus txhais, txawm tias tom qab cov khoom lawv txhais, tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tseeb. Piv txwv li:

  • Nyob zoo, lub caij nplooj zeeg ntshiab.
  • Lub caij ntuj no lig-ripening grapes.
  • cov cim cim hauv kab lus
    cov cim cim hauv kab lus
  • Electric overhead crane.

Homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais (cov kev tawm dag zog lees paub qhov no) tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib qho zoo mus rau lwm qhov. Piv txwv li, thaum ib qho txhais ua ntej lwm tus, uas ua rau ib kab lus nrog cov ntsiab lus: lub tsheb ciav hlau ntev.

Ib yam tshwj xeeb txhais

Ntau yam tshwj xeeb suav nrog cov ntsiab lus uas txuas nrog kev piav qhia kev sib raug zoo. Hauv qhov no, nws yooj yim los txiav txim siab qhov twg homogeneous thiab tsis yog homogeneous txhais. Qhov kev sim rau lawv qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv kev hloov ntawm kev sib txuas "namely" thiab "uas yog".

  • sib txawv, lub sijhawm nthuav tawm tau los (txawv, uas yog qhov nthuav).
  • Kev ua si tau txais lub suab tshiab, qub (tshiab, uas yog, qub).
homogeneous thiab heterogeneous ce txhais
homogeneous thiab heterogeneous ce txhais

Ib nqe lus muab tso rau ntawm homogeneous txhais tau txuas los ntawm kev piav qhia.

Note

Raws li txoj cai qhia, lawv yuav muaj kev zam lossis sau ntawv, uas lees paub qhov kev kawm ntawm lub ncauj lus "homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais". Ib zaj lus qhia hauv qib 11 qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm txog cov lus ceeb toom ntawm lub ncauj lus no. Ob homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais yuav hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus, piv txwv li:

  • Tshiab, tsheb tavxij daj tshwm rau ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog (cov qub tsis daj).
  • tsheb tavxij daj tshiab tau tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog (cov tsheb tavxij daj tau nce ntxiv).
homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais zaj lus qhia qib 8
homogeneous thiab heterogeneous txhais zaj lus qhia qib 8

Hauv thawj qhov piv txwv, qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb tias cov tsheb tavxij hauv nroog tau tig daj. Hauv qhov thib ob, lub tsheb tshiab tau tshwm sim ntawm cov tsheb tavxij daj.

ob tus lej

Raws li qhov intonation tus neeg hais lus siv, hauv qee cov kab lus cov lus txhais raws li thawj tus yuav ua tsis yog homogeneous, tab sis piav qhia. Piv txwv li:

  • Cov txheej txheem tshiab ua pov thawj coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim (cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj nyob ua ntej).
  • Txoj kev tshiab, ua pov thawj tau tshwm sim (txoj kev dhau los tsis muaj pov thawj).

Hauv qhov piv txwv thib ob, koj tuaj yeem hloov cov koomhaum "uas yog" thiab "namely", yog li muab tus lej cim tso thiab hloov pauv intonation.

Pom zoo: