Cov kab lus nyuaj nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab tau muab faib ua ntau pawg. Muaj peb nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv kev hais lus, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug complex qhia nrog homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses, heterogeneous (parallel) thiab sequential. Ntxiv rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib qho ntawm cov pawg no. Dab tsi yog kab lus nyuaj nrog homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses?
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Homogeneous subordination ntawm clauses (piv txwv li ntawm cov kev tsim kho yuav muab hauv qab no) yog ib qho kev qhia uas txhua feem hais txog lub ntsiab lus lossis rau ib lo lus tshwj xeeb hauv nws. Qhov kev xaiv kawg tshwm sim yog tias cov khoom siv ntxiv faib tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub ntsiab. Cov kab lus nrog homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses muaj ib tug xov toojnta. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus nthuav tawm yog tib hom, uas yog, lawv teb tib lo lus nug. Feem ntau lawv tau txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm cov koomhaum. Yog hais tias lawv muaj ib tug enumeration tus nqi, ces kev sib raug zoo yog unionless, raws li nrog homogeneous tswv cuab. Ntawm no, feem ntau, homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses txhais li cas.
Kev sib txuas lus hauv ntsiab lus
1. Cov tub hluas saib xyuas lub tsheb / 1 txog thaum nws tawm ntawm txoj kev sib tshuam / 2 txog rau thaum cov plua plav ya tawm / 3 txog thaum nws tig mus ua hmoov av / 4.
kab lus no nyuaj. Nws muaj plaub yam yooj yim. Thawj ntawm lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov tom ntej yog cov npe ntawm lub sijhawm, uas txhua tus muaj nyob rau lub ntsiab. Txhua tus teb tib lo lus nug - txog thaum twg? Lub union tseem ceeb "thaum" txuas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Yog li, peb muaj homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses.
2. Dad hais rau kuv /1 tias nws tsis tau pom cov mov ci li no / 2 thiab / hais tias cov qoob loo tam sim no zoo heev / 3.
Cov kab lus no nyuaj. Nws muaj peb yam yooj yim. Thawj ntawm lawv yog lub ntsiab, cov tom ntej yog subordinate los yog ntxiv. Lawv txhua tus xa mus rau ib tus kws tshaj lij "hais lus". Nws yog qhia los ntawm cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv thawj kab lus. Koj tuaj yeem nug lawv ib lo lus nug - "dab tsi?". Nrog lub union "dab tsi", uas yog lub ntsiab, txhua subordinate clause yog txuam. Lawv txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke "thiab". Nws ua raws los ntawm qhov no uas homogeneous subordination ntawm clauses tau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov lus.
3. Lub koomhaum tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv cov ntsiab lus yuav raug tshem tawm hauv qee kis, tab sis nws yooj yim los kho nws.
Piv txwv: Ib tug txiv neej saib /1 lub nkoj rov qab mus rau lub dab dej li cas / 2 thiab / cov neeg tsav nkoj tau ntev heev, thawb ib leeg, rub rau ntawm lub hoists / 3. - Tus txiv neej saib /1 lub nkoj rov qab mus rau lub nkoj li cas / 2 thiab / cov neeg caij nkoj ntev npaum li cas, thawb ib leeg, rub rau ntawm lub hoists /3.
cov cim cim
1. Yog kev sib txuas lossis kev sib cais ("yog", "thiab" nrog lub ntsiab lus "lossis", "thiab", "lossis") txuas cov lus sib luag, ces tsis txhob muab lub cim rau ntawm lawv:
Dad hais rau kuv tias nws tsis tau pom cov ncuav li thiab xyoo no sau tau zoo heev.
Nws hais tseeb tias peb yuav tsum tawm ntawm nws lub tsev tam sim lossis nws yuav hu rau tub ceev xwm.
2. Lub comma tau muab tso rau ntawm cov kab lus subordinate homogeneous yog tias kev sib koom ua ke rov ua dua.
Thaum nws mus txog tsev kho mob, nws nco qab tias lawv tau dheev los ntawm Nazis, thiab txhua tus neeg nyob ib puag ncig, thiab qhov kev sib cais tau tswj hwm lawv tus kheej li cas.
3. Yog tias cov lus sib txuas "txawm yog … lossis" yog siv los ua kev rov ua dua tshiab (hauv qhov piv txwv, koj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau seb puas yog), cov lus sib xyaw ua ke nrog rau lawv tau sib cais los ntawm tus lej cim.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem qhia tau tias yog hluav taws lossis lub hli pib nce. - Nws tsis tuaj yeem qhia tau tias yog hluav taws lossis lub hli pib nce.
Cov qauv nrog ua kekev sib txuas
Kab lus nrog ntau homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob peb variants. Yog li, piv txwv li, parallel thiab series txuas ua ke yog ua tau. Vim li no, thaum parsing, koj tsis tas yuav tam sim kos ib lub tswv yim dav dav lossis maj nrawm kom sau ntawv.
Cov ntsiab lus tsom xam
Homogeneous subordination ntawm subordinate clauses yog parsed raws li ib tug tej yam tswv yim.
1. Qhia txog lub hauv paus grammatical, lawv suav cov lej ntawm cov ntsiab lus yooj yim uas ua rau kev tsim kho.
2. Tsim tag nrho cov subordinating conjunctions thiab cov phooj ywg cov lus thiab, raws li qhov no, tsim subordinate clauses thiab lub ntsiab clause.
3. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog txhais rau txhua qhov ntxiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov khub tau tsim: lub ntsiab-subordinate.
4. Raws li kev tsim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntsug ntawm kab lus nyuaj, qhov xwm txheej ntawm subordination ntawm subordinate qauv yog txiav txim siab. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau sib npaug, sib luag, homogeneous, sib xyaw hom.
5. Lub tswv yim kab rov tav tab tom tsim, raws li cov cim cim sau tseg.
Sentence parsing
Piv txwv: Qhov kev sib cav yog tias koj tus huab tais nyob ntawm no tau peb hnub koj yuav tsum ua raws li kuv qhia rau koj thiab yog nws tsis nyob kuv yuav ua raws li qhov koj muab rau kuv.
1. Cov kab lus nyuaj no muaj xya yam yooj yim: Sib cav/1 ntawd / 2 yog koj tus vajntxwv yuav nyob ntawm no tau peb hnub /3 ces koj yuav tsum ua yam tsis muaj xwm txheej / 2 qhov kuv qhia rau koj / 4 thiab / yog nws tsis nyob / 5 ces kuv yuav ua ib qho kev txiav txim / 6 qhov ntawd koj muab rau kuv muab /7.
1) kev tsis sib haum;
2) yog koj tus vajntxwv nyob ntawm no tau peb hnub;
3) ib yam dab tsi… ces koj yuav tsum tau ua li ntawd;
4) Kuv tuaj yeem qhia koj li cas;
5) yog nws tsis nyob;
6) ces kuv yuav ua txhua yam kev txiav txim;
7) uas koj muab rau kuv.
2. Lub ntsiab clause yog thawj (qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog qhov), tus so yog subordinate clauses. Tsuas yog nqe lus thib rau xwb thiaj li nug (thaum kuv yuav ua ib qho kev txiav txim).
3. Cov kab lus nyuaj no tau muab faib ua ob pawg hauv qab no:
1->2: kev sib cav yog tias … ces koj yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag;
2->3: koj yuav tsum ua qhov no yog tias koj tus huab tais nyob ntawm peb hnub;
2->4: Koj yuav tsum ua raws li kuv qhia rau koj;
6->5: Kuv yuav ua txhua qhov kev txiav txim yog tias nws tsis nyob;
6->7: Kuv yuav ua txhua yam kev txiav txim koj muab rau kuv.
Yuav nyuaj nyuaj
Hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, nws nyuaj me ntsis kom nkag siab tias hom kab lus thib rau yog dab tsi. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, koj yuav tsum tau saib ntawm lub koomhaum pabcuam "a". Nyob rau hauv ib kab lus nyuaj, nws, tsis zoo li cov subordinating connecting element, tej zaum yuav tsis nyob ib sab ntawm kab lus hais txog nws. Raws li qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus yooj yimkhi lub union. Rau qhov no, tsuas yog cov kab lus uas muaj kev tawm tsam raug tso tseg, thiab tus so raug tshem tawm. Cov ntu no yog 2 thiab 6. Tab sis txij li kab lus 2 hais txog clauses, ces 6 yuav tsum zoo li ntawd, vim nws txuas nrog 2 los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Nws yooj yim los xyuas. Nws yog txaus los ntxig ib lub union uas muaj kab lus 2, thiab txuas 6 nrog nws nrog lub ntsiab uas muaj feem rau 2. Piv txwv li: Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog tias kuv yuav ua txhua yam kev txiav txim. Raws li qhov no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias ob qho tib si muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm subordinate clauses, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 6 lub union "dab tsi" raug tshem tawm.
Zoo kawg
Nws hloov tawm hais tias kab lus no yog complex nrog homogeneously ntsig txog subordinate clauses (2 thiab 6 kab lus), nyob rau hauv parallel (3-4, 5-7) thiab sequentially (2-3, 2-4, 6-5, 6–7). Txhawm rau txiav txim siab, koj yuav tsum tau txhais cov ciam teb ntawm cov ntsiab lus yooj yim. Qhov no suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov lus pom zoo ntawm ciam teb ntawm ntau lub koom haum.
