Russian-Turkish tsov rog 1877-1878 (luv luv): ua rau, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Russian-Turkish tsov rog 1877-1878 (luv luv): ua rau, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, tshwm sim
Russian-Turkish tsov rog 1877-1878 (luv luv): ua rau, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, tshwm sim
Anonim

Ntau tus neeg kawm paub ntseeg tias yav dhau los cov keeb kwm yav dhau los tau mloog me ntsis rau cov xwm txheej xws li kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish xyoo 1877-1878. Luv luv, tab sis raws li kev siv tau, peb yuav tham txog qhov ntu no hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Tom qab tag nrho, nws, zoo li kev ua tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tso lub cim rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev.

Cia peb sim txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej xws li kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish xyoo 1877-1878, luv luv, tab sis kom meej meej li sai tau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, rau cov neeg nyeem zoo tib yam.

Russian-Turkish Tsov Rog 1877–1878 (luv luv)

Tus neeg tawm tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no yog Lavxias thiab Ottoman Empires.

Ntau yam xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Russo-Turkish Tsov Rog ntawm 1877–1878 (hais luv luv hauv tsab xov xwm no) tau ua ib qho cim ntawm keeb kwm ntawm yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws koom nrog.

Abkhazian, Dagestanian thiab Chechen cov neeg ntxeev siab, nrog rau Polish Legion, nyob rau sab ntawm Porta (ib lub npe lees paub rau keeb kwm ntawm Ottoman Empire).

Russia, dhau los, tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Balkans.

Ua rau Russia-Turkish tsov rog

Thawjtig, peb yuav txheeb xyuas cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias-Turkish tsov rog ntawm 1877-1878 (luv luv).

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev pib ua tsov rog yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws kev nco qab hauv qee lub tebchaws Balkan.

Qhov kev xav zoo li no tau cuam tshuam nrog lub Plaub Hlis Kev Tawm Tsam hauv Bulgaria. Txoj kev lim hiam thiab kev ua siab phem uas Bulgarian ntxeev siab raug quab yuam qee lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws) kom muaj kev khuv leej rau cov ntseeg hauv Turkey.

Lwm qhov laj thawj rau kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam yog kev swb ntawm Serbia hauv Serbian-Montenegrin-Turkish tsov rog, nrog rau Constantinople Lub Rooj Sib Tham ua tsis tiav.

Kev Tsov Rog

Tom ntej no, kuv thov kom xav txog kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish xyoo 1877-1878 (luv luv).

Lub Plaub Hlis 24, 1877, Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tau tshaj tawm ua tsov rog ntawm Porte. Tom qab kev ua koob tsheej nyob rau hauv Chisinau, Archbishop Pavel tau nyeem tawm lub manifesto ntawm Emperor Alexander II ntawm kev thov Vajtswv, uas tau hais txog qhov pib ntawm kev ua phem tawm tsam Ottoman Empire.

Yuav kom zam kev cuam tshuam ntawm European lub xeev, kev ua tsov rog yuav tsum tau ua "ceev" - hauv ib lub tuam txhab.

Lub Tsib Hlis ntawm tib lub xyoo, cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tau nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev Romanian.

Cov tub rog Romanian, dhau los, pib koom nrog hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Russia thiab nws cov phooj ywg tsuas yog peb lub hlis tom qab qhov xwm txheej no.

Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv
Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv

Tub rogKev hloov kho tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd los ntawm Emperor Alexander II.

Cov tub rog Lavxias suav txog 700 txhiab tus neeg. Lub teb chaws Ottoman muaj txog 281 txhiab tus neeg. Txawm hais tias tus lej tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, kev muaj thiab muab cov tub rog nrog riam phom niaj hnub yog qhov zoo dua ntawm Turks.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias Tebchaws Lavxias tau npaj siv tag nrho kev ua tsov rog hauv av. Qhov tseeb yog tias Hiav Txwv Dub tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Turks, thiab Russia tau tso cai tsim nws cov nkoj hauv hiav txwv no tsuas yog xyoo 1871. Lawm, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsa ib tug muaj zog flotilla nyob rau hauv xws li luv luv lub sij hawm.

Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog no tau tawm tsam ob qho kev qhia: hauv Asia thiab Europe.

European Theatre of Operations

Raws li peb tau hais los saum toj no, nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov tub rog Lavxias tau raug coj mus rau hauv Romania. Qhov no tau ua los txhawm rau tshem tawm Danubian nkoj ntawm lub tebchaws Ottoman, uas tswj cov kev hla Danube.

Tus dej flotilla ntawm Turks tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab cov neeg tsav nkoj, thiab tsis ntev lub Dnieper tau raug yuam los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias. Nov yog thawj kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm Constantinople.

theem tom ntej hauv kev ua ntej ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias yog lub siege ntawm Plevna, uas tau pib thaum Lub Xya Hli 20, 1877.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Lavxias Turkish tsov rog ntawm 1877 1878 luv luv
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Lavxias Turkish tsov rog ntawm 1877 1878 luv luv

Txawm hais tias cov Turks tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm luv luv ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias thiab tau txais sijhawm los txhawb Istanbul thiab Edirne, lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov txoj kev ua tsov rog. Vim qhov kev ua tsis zoo ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm Ottoman Empire, Plevna 10December capitulated.

Tom qab qhov xwm txheej no, cov tub rog Lavxias uas muaj zog, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd suav txog 314 txhiab tus tub rog, tab tom npaj rov mus tawm tsam dua.

Tam sim no, Serbia rov ua kev tawm tsam tawm tsam Porte.

Kaum Ob Hlis 23, 1877, kev tawm tsam los ntawm Balkans yog ua los ntawm Lavxias teb sab detachment, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm General Romeiko-Gurko, ua tsaug rau Sofia tau nyob.

Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27-28, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sheinovo, uas cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Detachment tau koom nrog. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no yog qhov thaiv thiab swb ntawm 30,000th Turkish tub rog.

Lub Ib Hlis 8, cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, tsis muaj kev tawm tsam, coj ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog Turkish - lub nroog Edirne.

Asian theatre of operations

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Asmeskas kev coj ua ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog yog los xyuas kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv tus kheej ciam teb, nrog rau kev xav ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Turks tshwj xeeb rau European ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub tuam txhab Caucasian raug suav tias yog Abkhazian kev tawm tsam uas tshwm sim thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1877.

Thaum tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog Lavxias tawm hauv lub nroog Sukhum. Nws tsuas yog lub Yim Hli uas nws raug coj rov qab.

Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv
Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv Transcaucasia, cov tub rog Lavxias tau ntes ntau lub nroog, cov tub rog thiab cov fortresses: Bayazit, Ardagan, thiab lwm yam.

Nyob rau ib nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1877, kev ua phem tau "kua" ib ntus vim yog vim li cas ob tog nyob hauvtos kev txhawb zog tuaj txog.

yog vim li cas rau Russo-Turkish Tsov rog ntawm 1877 1878 luv luv
yog vim li cas rau Russo-Turkish Tsov rog ntawm 1877 1878 luv luv

Pib txij lub Cuaj Hli, cov neeg Lavxias tau txais kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub nroog Kars raug coj mus, uas qhib txoj kev yeej rau Erzurum. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev ntes tsis tau tshwm sim vim qhov xaus ntawm San Stefano kev thaj yeeb cog lus.

Cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov kev sib tw no, ntxiv rau Austria thiab Askiv, kuj tsis txaus siab rau Serbia thiab Romania. Nws tau ntseeg tias lawv cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev ua tsov rog tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig. Nov yog qhov pib ntawm kev yug ntawm ib tug tshiab - Berlin - Congress.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Lavxias-Turkish tsov rog

Lub sijhawm kawg yuav suav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Lavxias-Turkish tsov rog xyoo 1877-1878 (luv luv).

Cov ciam teb ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws nthuav dav: tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, Bessarabia, uas tau ploj mus thaum Tsov Rog Crimean, rov nkag mus rau nws.

Kev sib pauv rau kev pab lub tebchaws Ottoman tiv thaiv nws tus kheej tawm tsam cov neeg Lavxias hauv Caucasus, England tau xa nws cov tub rog rau ntawm Mediterranean kob ntawm Cyprus.

Cov chav kawm ntawm Russo-Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv
Cov chav kawm ntawm Russo-Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv

Russian-Turkish Tsov Rog 1877–1878 (hais luv luv los ntawm peb hauv kab lus no) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib raug zoo thoob ntiaj teb.

Nws tau ua kom maj mam txav deb ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Empire thiab Great Britain, vim tias cov tebchaws tau pib tsom mus rau lawv tus kheej nyiam ntau dua (piv txwv li Russia tau xav txog Hiav Txwv Dub, thiab Askiv tau txaus siab rau Egypt).

Historians thiab Russo-Turkish Tsov Rog 1877–1878. Luv luv, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntsiab lus, peb characterize qhov kev tshwm sim

Txawm li cas los xijQhov tseeb tias qhov kev tsov rog no tsis suav tias yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwj xeeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev Lavxias, ntau tus neeg keeb kwm tau kawm txog nws. Cov kws tshawb fawb nto moo tshaj plaws, uas nws txoj kev koom tes tau raug suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, yog L. I. Rovnyakova, O. V. Orlik, F. T. Konstantinova, E. P. Lvov, etc.

Lawv kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm cov thawj coj koom nrog thiab cov thawj coj tub rog, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Lavxias-Turkish tsov rog xyoo 1877-1878, piav qhia luv luv hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Lawm, tag nrho cov no tsis yog vain.

Economist A. P. Pogrebinsky ntseeg hais tias Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog ntawm 1877-1878, uas luv luv thiab sai sai xaus nrog lub yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws thiab nws cov phooj ywg, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev lag luam. Kev nkag mus ntawm Bessarabia tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no.

Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv
Lavxias teb sab Turkish tsov rog 1877 1878 luv luv

Raws li tus thawj tswj hwm Soviet Nikolai Belyaev, qhov kev sib cav tub rog no tsis ncaj ncees, ua rau muaj kev txhoj puab heev. Cov lus no, raws li nws tus kws sau ntawv, muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws thiab nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog Chaw nres nkoj.

Nws tseem tuaj yeem hais tau tias kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish xyoo 1877-1878, tau piav qhia luv luv hauv tsab xov xwm no, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam qhia txog kev ua tiav ntawm kev hloov pauv tub rog ntawm Alexander II, ob qho tib si hauv kev koom tes thiab kev ua haujlwm.

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