Simplicity - txhais li cas? Ntawm ib sab, lo lus yog paub thiab nkag siab, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus ntxoov ntxoo. Lawv yog dab tsi? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev yooj yim, hauv peb qhov kev sib tham hnub no.
phau ntawv txhais lus
Raws li ib phau ntawv txhais lus txhais, simplicity yog:
- Khoom ntawm ib yam khoom lossis qhov tshwm sim sib raug rau cov lus "yooj yim". Cov lus hauv qab no tau hais txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus no:
- Nkag mus tau, tsis tas yuav siv zog ntau thiab siv sijhawm hauv kev nkag siab, ua, piav qhia thiab daws (Hnub no cov tub ntxhais kawm tau muab txoj haujlwm yooj yim heev).
- Tus uas tsis sawv ntawm lwm tus, tab sis yog tus qauv, raug, zoo tib yam. (Tus ntxhais no muaj lub ntsej muag yooj yim tab sis qhib thiab zoo nkauj.)
- pheej yig, tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv ntxiv, khoom siv, kev xaiv, nrog rau cov txuj lom, cov khoom xyaw thiab cov kauj ruam ntau lawm ntxiv. (Eugene, muaj nyiaj khwv tau los ntau, nyiam cov zaub mov uas muaj siab, tab sis yooj yim dua).
- Tsis muajcov cai ntawm haiv neeg, tsis muaj hwj chim, tsis nplua nuj. (Txawm hais tias nws zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj thiab ci ntsa iab, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm Alexander txoj kev sib tham tias nws los ntawm tsev neeg yooj yim).
- Colloquial - hais txog tus neeg uas yooj yim hauv kev sib raug zoo, hauv kev sib txuas lus, leej twg qhib, tsis txawj ntse thiab tsis zam txim. (Kev yooj yim ntawm kev sib tham nrog cov poj niam tau ntxim nyiam heev rau lawv hauv tus txiv neej no.)
- Sib tham - hais txog ib tug neeg ruam, naive thiab ntseeg siab dhau. (Natasha's gullibility tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov lus paj huam "Kev yooj yim yog qhov phem tshaj tub sab")
Yog li, raws li cov ntsiab lus no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias hauv lub ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm "kev yooj yim" yog qhov tsis muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm tus neeg, qhov tshwm sim lossis khoom. (Cov tiam tam sim no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj lub siab xav ua lub neej yooj yim.)
Keeb Kwm
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lo lus "simplicity" los ntawm adjective "yooj yim", txoj kev uas mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus pib nyob rau hauv Proto-Slavic (prost), uas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, originated:
- Laus Lavxias "prost" (yooj yim, qhib, ncaj qha, pub dawb);
- Lub Koom Txoos Qub Slavonic "prost" (simple);
- Bulgarian "prost" (plain, ncaj);
- Serbo-Croatian "prōst" (yooj yim, txawj ntse, zam txim);
- Slovenian "pròst" (yooj yim, pub dawb, rov qab, zoo tib yam).
Synonyms
Ntau lub ntsiab lus rau lo lus "simplicity" yog, piv txwv li,
- Easy.
- Kev ruam.
- Nyob zoo.
- Kev tsis muaj txim.
- Kev tsis muaj txim.
- Naivety.
- Easy.
- Nyob ib leeg.
- Natural.
- Muaj.
- Nyob zoo.
- Democratic.
- Primitiveness.
- Mediocre.
- Naturality.
- Rustic.
- tsis muaj tseeb.
- Kev txawj ntse.
- kev ncaj ncees.
Cov lus qhuab qhia
Cia peb muab ntau lub ntsiab lus thiab cov kab lus ruaj khov nrog cov lus "simplicity" thiab "simple", uas, zoo li cov ntsiab lus, muaj ntau heev.
- hnav khaub ncaws yooj yim.
- Txoj kev mus ncig.
- Kev ua neej yooj yim.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Yooj yim khiav lub tshuab.
- Kev daws teeb meem.
- Yooj yim siv.
- Holy simplicity.
- Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm tus ntsuj plig.
- xaum yooj yim.
- Txoj kev yooj yim.
- Ib yam yooj yim.
- Yam yooj yim.
Zaj lus
Thiab tseem muaj ntau cov lus hais txog kev yooj yim, lub ntsiab lus ntawm qee qhov yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm kev yooj yim yog kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. (C. Cavanagh).
- Koj yuav tsum khaws tej yam yooj yim li sai tau, tab sis tsis yooj yim dua. (A. Einstein).
- Kev zoo nkauj, simplicity thiab qhov tseeb ib txwm mus ua ke, yog li qhov tseeb tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm nws qhov yooj yim thiab kev zoo nkauj. (R. Feynman).
- Peb lub neej tawg tagcov ntsiab lus: yooj yim dua, yooj yim dua. (G. Toro).
- Qhov nyuaj piav yog nyuaj siv. (Tsis paub).
Qhov tseem ceeb. Txoj Kev mus rau Simplicity
Raws li lub npe no, xyoo 2014, ib phau ntawv los ntawm Greg McKeon, tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus kws qhia ua lag luam, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev ntseeg tseem ceeb, tau luam tawm. Nco qab tias lub tswv yim no txhais tau hais tias lub tswv yim thiab theoretical teeb tsa, lub tswv yim, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hauv qab no. Nws hais tias tej yam uas tsis hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov zoo, muaj qhov tseeb tiag, qhov tseeb tob. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis tuaj yeem pom nws ncaj qha, thiab nws yog qhov zais cia uas tseem ceeb rau tus neeg.
McKeon yog tus sau phau ntawv ntawm kev lag luam, tsim qauv thiab kev coj noj coj ua, thiab tau kawm tiav qib Bachelor of Communications thiab MBA. Nws tau sau ib phau ntawv hais txog txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau cov neeg uas muaj kev ntxhov siab txhua hnub, uas tsis muaj sijhawm rau tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej zoo li no (tus neeg tseem ceeb), uas, hauv nws txoj kev xav, yuav tso cai rau tus neeg ua tsawg dua, ua tau zoo dua, thiab hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm nws lub neej.
Nyob hauv nws phau ntawv, tus sau piav qhia meej txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntseeg, qhia tias ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg mus rau ntau yam dej num, tab sis yuav tsum tsom mus rau qhov tseem ceeb. Nws qhia koj yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov tseem ceeb no, thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj zoo.
Occam's Razor
Qhov ncaj qha ntsig txog kev yooj yim, kom yooj yim, yog txoj hauv kev hu ua "Occam's razor". Nws ris lub npeLus Askiv Franciscan monk (13-14 centuries), philosopher, William of Ockham (Surrey nyob rau yav qab teb teb chaws Askiv). Occam nws tus kheej tsim cov ntsiab cai no kwv yees li hauv qab no.
Nws hais tias, "Yuav ua li cas nrog tsawg qhov kev xav yuav tsum tsis txhob ua nrog ntau dua." Hauv cov ntsiab lus luv luv, cov ntsiab lus no nyeem: "Nws tsis tas yuav tsum muab ntau yam yam tsis tsim nyog."
kev nkag siab niaj hnub
Kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub raws li Occam rab chais, raws li txoj cai, nkag siab txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tau hais tias yog tias muaj ntau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm qhov tshwm sim - cov laj thawj zoo sib xws thiab ua tiav zoo sib xws hauv kev piav qhia - ces qhov luv tshaj ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum suav tias yog qhov tseeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug reservation yog ib txwm ua: ceteris paribus.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no npau taws rau qhov tseeb tias txhawm rau piav qhia qhov tshwm sim tshiab, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob qhia txog kev cai lij choj yav dhau los yog tias qhov tshwm sim no raug piav qhia tag los ntawm cov ntsiab lus qub. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Occam rab chais nyiam qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau cov kev hloov pauv uas siv los saum toj no xws li: "ua tau zoo sib npaug", "ceteris paribus" thiab "shaustive". Kev piav qhia yooj yim tsuas yog nyiam nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej thaum nws tso lub teeb rau ntawm ib qho khoom lossis tus neeg tsis muaj tsawg dua li qhov nyuaj dua. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tag nrho cov array ntawm kev soj ntsuam muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog muab rau hauv tus account. Qhov ntawd yog - yog tias tsis muaj lub hom phiaj yog vim li cas nyiam cov lus piav qhia yooj yim duacomplex.
Raws li ib qho piv txwv nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov ntsiab lus piav qhia yog cov hauv qab no. Emperor Napoleon nug tus kws kho mob thiab lej Laplace ib lo lus nug txog nws txoj kev xav piav qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm lub hnub ci. Napoleon nug tias vim li cas tus kws tshawb fawb hauv nws txoj haujlwm tsis hais txog Vajtswv ib zaug, thaum Lagrange pheej rov hais dua nws lub npe. Txog qhov no, Laplace tau hais tias nws tsis xav tau qhov kev xav zoo li no.
