Muaj ntau cov qauv sau ntawv hauv lus Askiv uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis meej pem lossis dag. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog yuav mus. Cia wb mus saib seb yuav siv li cas thiab vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum tau siv.
Kev txhais thiab lub ntsiab lus yuav mus
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv kev tsim kho yog qhia lub neej yav tom ntej los ntawm tam sim no, i.e. qhov kev txiav txim tseem tsis tau tshwm sim, tab sis peb paub tseeb tias nws yuav los yog yuav tsis tshwm sim. Hauv lwm lo lus, peb siv kev hloov pauv los tham txog cov phiaj xwm tam sim, qhia txog lub hom phiaj uas tau tshwm sim ua ntej, lossis kwv yees qhov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum muaj tseeb. Qhov kev hloov pauv no kuj tseem siv tau rau qee qhov kev tsim kho, piv txwv li, hauv kev txiav txim, txwv tsis pub thiab tsis kam lees.
Hais txog cov phiaj xwm lossis kev xav, cov lus txhais ntawm kab lus uas yuav mus yog "mus ua". Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog qhov xwm txheej yav tom ntej, tom qab ntawd, nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus, cov lus hais xws li "ib yam dab tsi yuav tshwm sim tam sim no", "tsuas yog yuav tshwm sim" thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv rau kev txhais lus. Tsis txhob sim txhais ib kab lus los ntawm kev mus rau hauv Present Continious, tsom rau qhov xaus: nws tsuas yog tsis tsim nyog.
Piv txwvsiv
Cia peb saib kom ze rau cov xwm txheej uas tsim nyog siv qhov kev tsim kho yuav mus ua lus Askiv, thiab muab piv txwv.
Kev npaj rau yav tom ntej: feem ntau, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev tsim, peb sib txuas lus seb peb yuav ua li cas tam sim no lossis yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li:
- Peb mus noj hmo tam sim no. Koj puas xav koom nrog peb? - Peb yuav noj hmo tam sim no.
- Kuv yuav mus ntsib kuv pog tag kis. - Kuv tuaj saib kuv pog tag kis.
Lub hom phiaj ntev: peb tham txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ua ntej, ntev ua ntej lub sijhawm sib tham.
Nws yuav los ua kws kho mob. - Nws yuav mus ua ib tug kws kho mob
Kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim yuav tshwm sim lossis xav tau: peb tab tom tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej uas yuav tshwm sim heev. Peb paub tseeb tias nws yuav los, vim peb muaj cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha lossis peb muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau nws qhov kev cia siab. Feem ntau, kev tsim kho yog siv hauv kev sib tham txog huab cua, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb uas tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib tham.
- Saib cov huab no - yuav los nag. - Saib cov huab no - yuav los nag.
- Saib seb! Koj yuav poob! - Ua tib zoo! Koj tab tom poob!
Orders thiab xav tau. Lwm qhov kev xaiv rau kev siv cov kev tsim kho yog lub siab xav hais rau qhov kev ua tau zoo lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv kev txhawb siab thiab kev piav qhia.muaj.
- Koj yuav mus kawm qhov ntawd seb koj xav tau lossis tsis xav. - Koj yuav kawm nyob ntawd seb koj nyiam lossis tsis nyiam.
- Koj yuav noj tshais, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tshaib plab txog tag kis! - Koj yuav noj koj pluas tshais, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tshaib plab txog tag kis!
Tsis kam: nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, peb nthuav tawm categorical tsis kam ua ib qho kev nqis tes ua. Peb xav kom koj ceev faj siv yuav mus tawm tsam, vim. tej lus no tej zaum yuav hais hnyav los yog lus dag.
Kuv yuav tsis nyob hauv tsev txawm tias koj xav tias kuv tawm mus. - Kuv yuav tsis nyob hauv tsev txawm tias koj tawm tsam kuv tawm
tus qauv tsim li cas?
Daim ntawv lees paub. Lub neej yav tom ntej nyob rau tam sim no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas cov lus qhia ua rau hauv daim ntawv xav tau, kev hloov mus rau thiab cov lus qhia ua haujlwm.
| Subject | to be | mus | action verb |
| I | am | mus |
play read nyob etc. |
|
Nws Nws |
yog | ||
|
Peb koj Nyob |
yog |
Thov nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog thawj ntu ntawm kev hloov pauv, tus so ib txwm nyob hauv lawv daim ntawv qub.
Daim ntawv tsis zoo. Yog tias peb paub tseeb tias qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsis tshwm sim, peb tsis npaj ua ib yam dab tsi, peb tsis kam lossis txwv tsis pub ua ib yam dab tsi, peb yuav tsum siv daim ntawv tsis zoo.mus rau designs. Lub particle tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia ua ntej mus (tab sis tsis nyob nruab nrab ntawm mus thiab mus).
| Subject | to be | particle tsis | mus | action verb |
| I | am |
tsis |
mus |
play read nyob etc. |
|
Nws Nws |
yog | |||
|
Peb koj Nyob |
yog |
Examples:
- Kuv yuav tsis ua ntxiv lawm. - Kuv yuav tsis ua li ntawd ntxiv lawm.
- Nws yuav tsis tiav. - Nws yuav tsis kawg.
Interrogative form. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus nyob rau hauv ib kab lus nug nrog mus hloov nyob rau hauv ib txwm txoj kev: ua ntej los ntawm interrogative lo lus, yog hais tias muaj, ces cov lus qhia ua, tom qab nws cov ntsiab lus, ces mus rau thiab cov lus qhia ntawm kev ua.
|
lus nug (yeem) |
to be | subject | mus | action verb |
|
How Qhov twg Yim Ua cas… Thaum Vim li cas etc. |
am | I | mus |
ua try eat etc. |
| yog |
nws nws nws |
|||
| yog |
peb koj lawv |
Examples:
- Hnub no koj yuav ua homework? - Hnub no koj puas yuav ua homework?
- Hnub no nws yuav tuaj xyuas peb? - Hnub no nws puas yuav tuaj xyuas peb?
- Thaum twg koj yuav hu nws? - Thaum twg koj yuav hu nws?
Short form gonna
Ntawm lus Askiv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab koj tuaj yeem hnov ntau zaus es tsis txhob mus. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv luv luv tsuas yog siv hauv kev hais lus. Nws yog tsim raws li nram no:
to be + gonna + verb
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov to particle nruab nrab ntawm gonna thiab cov lus qhia ua haujlwm tsis raug tso lawm.
| Subject | to be | gonna | action verb |
| I | am |
play read nyob etc. |
|
|
Nws Nws |
yog | gonna | |
|
Peb koj Nyob |
yog |
Examples:
- Kuv yuav nrog nws tham thaum kuv pom nws. - Kuv yuav nrog nws tham thaum kuv pom nws.
- Kuv yuav nrog koj - Kuv yuav nrog koj.
Tsim tau / tau mus
Kev tsim kho peb tab tom txiav txim siab kuj tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm dhau los. Hauv qhov no, kev tsim kho yuav mus o qhia txog yav dhau los uas tsis tuaj yeem muaj tseeb. Txhawm rau tsim nws, nws txaus los muab cov lus qhia ua rau hauv daim ntawv thib ob, nyob ntawm seb tus lej ntawm qhov kev kawm.
| Subject | to be | mus | action verb |
| I | yog | mus |
play read nyob etc. |
|
Nws Nws |
yog | ||
|
Peb koj Nyob |
were |
Piv txwv:
- Kuv tab tom nyeem phau ntawv tab sis nws tau txais kuv sab nraud. - Kuv tab tom yuav nyeem ib phau ntawv, tab sis nws rub kuv sab nraud.
- Peb tab tom yuav mus tab sis dheev kuv paub tias kuv tsis tau hlub nws lawm. - Wb yuav sib yuav, tiam sis kuv mam li paub tias kuv tsis hlub nws lawm.
Nws tuaj yeem siv qhov kev tsim kho yog / tau mus rau hauv daim ntawv tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov lus qhia piav txog ib qho kev ua uas tsis tshwm sim raws li kev npaj lossis tsis tshwm sim raws li peb xav tau. Txhawm rau tsim ib qho kev tsis pom zoo, nws yog qhov txaus los muab cov lus hais tsis nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov lus qhia yog los yog tau thiab mus.
| Subject | to be | tsis | mus | action verb |
| I | yog | tsis | mus |
play eat nyob etc. |
|
Nws Nws |
yog | |||
|
Peb koj Nyob |
were |
Piv txwv:
Kuv tsis tau mus nyob rau hauv hiav txwv ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam, tab sis kuv nyiam qhov chaw no heev thiab nyob ntawdmus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. - Kuv tsis tau npaj siab yuav siv sijhawm ntau tshaj li ib lub lim tiam ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, tab sis kuv poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog qhov chaw no thiab nyob ntawd kom txog thaum lub caij ntuj sov xaus
Zoo li rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, hauv kev hais lus sib tham yog tsim nyog los hloov mus nrog gonna.
Kuv yuav hu koj tab sis tsuas tsis nco qab. - Kuv yuav hu koj, tab sis kuv nyuam qhuav tsis nco qab
Yuav mus nrog cov lus qhia ua haujlwm
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev tsim kho yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog cov lus tsa suab. Nws tsis yog nruj me ntsis txwv, qee zaum xws li kev siv tshwm sim, tab sis nws yuav raug grammatically kom zam nws. Txhawm rau nthuav qhia lub neej yav tom ntej los ntawm tam sim no, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia ua haujlwm (qhov no, txav mus los) ua lub sijhawm ntev (Tam sim no Nruam):
- Koj puas tuaj khob kas fes rau hnub Saturday? - Koj puas yuav poob rau ib khob kas fes rau hnub Saturday?
- Kuv yuav mus rau London lub caij ntuj sov no. - Kuv yuav mus rau London lub caij ntuj sov.
- Peb tab tom ntsib lawv tag kis. - Peb ntsib lawv tag kis.
Nco ntsoov cov lus qhia tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus tsa suab uas koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv kev tsim kho mus rau:
- mus - mus, mus
- raug - run
- mus ntsib - ntsib
- nrawm - nrawm, nrawm
- mus - txav, txav
- mus taug kev
- tuaj txog - tuaj txog, tuaj txog
Kev ua kom muaj zog yuav mus
Txhawm rau muab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, peb muab qhov yooj yimkev tawm dag zog siv los mus.
Exercise 1: Txhais cov kab lus ua lus Askiv:
- Kuv yuav tsis hnov qhov no ntxiv lawm.
- Nws yuav los rau tog, tab sis nws cuam tshuam lub sijhawm.
- Koj yuav nyob hauv tsev.
- Kuv yuav dhau los ua tus ua yeeb yam.
- Saib Niam, koj puas yuav pab nws?
- Lub caij ntuj no yuav los.
- Kuv yuav mus rau Johnny hnub no. Wb mus ua ke?
- Tam sim no los nag. Nqa ib lub kaus.
- koj yuav siv lub caij ntuj sov nyob qhov twg?
- Kuv yuav yuav nws.
Nqe 2: kho qhov yuam kev hauv kab lus:
- Kuv yuav mus rau New York xyoo tom ntej.
- Mloog! Nws mus hu nkauj.
- Kuv yuav hu koj.
- Koj tsis hnav tiab no.
- Peb yuav tsis siv tag nrho peb lub neej hauv lub nroog no.
