Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Tam Sim No yog qhov thib plaub feem ntau siv ua lus Askiv (6%). Hauv kev sib txuas lus tsis raug cai, qhov zoo meej tam sim no feem ntau hloov los ntawm qhov yooj yim yav dhau los.
Passive lub suab feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov ntawv tseeb thiab cov ntawv tshwj xeeb (kwv yees li 20% hauv passive). Hauv kev hais lus Askiv, 97.5% ntawm cov lus qhia ua haujlwm.
sijhawm
Siv Present Perfect Passive txhais tau hais tias piav qhia txog qhov ua tiav los ntawm ib tus neeg mus txog rau tam sim no, nrog rau qhov khoom uas qhov kev txiav txim tau ua yog qhov tsom.
Lub sijhawm zoo meej tam sim no qhia txog qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov kev ua tam sim no. Hauv lwm lo lus, peb siv sijhawm thaum nyob rau tam sim no peb tab tom tham txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm qee qhov kev paub dhau los (feem ntau tsis ntev los no, tab sis qee zaum yav dhau los nyob deb) lossis txog ib qho xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim nrog rau tam sim no.
Piv txwv li, thaum peb xav qhia ib tug phooj ywg rau txoj haujlwm hauv ib lub koom haum uas peb ua haujlwm, peb tuaj yeem hais tias: "Anna tau ua haujlwm nyiaj txiag tau 10 xyoo. Nws yog ib qho zoo rau txoj haujlwm no."10 xyoo Nws yog qhov zoo rau kev ua haujlwm).
Qhov zoo meej tam sim no yog tsim los siv cov lus qhia pab txhawb (have/has) thiab daim ntawv thib peb ntawm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb.
Bail
Active voice implies tias cov khoom uas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus yog ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov kev txiav txim, i.e. yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev txiav txim: ua / ua / ua, thiab lwm yam.
Lub suab passive yog siv thaum peb hais tias qee qhov kev txiav txim tau ua ntawm qhov khoom (cov ntsiab lus hauv kab lus). Ua tsaug rau lub suab passive, nws muaj peev xwm ua cov kab lus uas feem ntau tsis paub leej twg ua / ua / yuav ua qhov kev txiav txim.
| Active | Passive |
| Kuv pleev xim tsev | Lub tsev puas lawm |
| Kuv tau pleev xim lub tsev | Lub tsev no tau rhuav tshem |
"Kuv" - cov ntsiab lus, "Kuv" tau ua - pleev xim tsev. "Lub Tsev" yog cov ntsiab lus, tab sis nws tsis yog lub tsev uas rhuav tshem nws tus kheej, nws tau rhuav tshem los ntawm lwm tus, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi hais txog qhov ntawd hauv kab lus.
Passive present perfect
Present Perfect Passive Voice yog siv tib yam li lub suab nquag: cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tsis ntev los no, kev paub dhau los, lossis kev ua tsis tu ncua thiab cov xwm txheej (tseem ceeb rau qhov kev txiav txim nws tus kheej, tsis yog nws lub sijhawm).
Lub suab tsis txaus tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab tso suab hauv cov lus: hloov qhov ua kom pom tseeb raulub npe uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, los ntawm tus uas ua qhov kev txiav txim.
Feem ntau, lub suab passive yog siv los qhia txog ib yam khoom lossis qhov tshwm sim uas tshwm sim nyob rau yav dhau los, peb tsis paub cov neeg ua txhaum ntawm qhov tshwm sim, tab sis peb pom qhov tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, peb paub tias lub tsev yog pleev xim tshiab, peb pom nws. Tab sis peb tsis paub leej twg pleev xim rau nws, peb tsis paub thaum twg nws tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog siv Present Perfect hauv Passive Voice.
Nws hais txog qee qhov kev ua tiav, kev txhim kho lossis kev tshawb pom ntawm lwm tus neeg, thaum nws tau hais meej tias cov khoom muaj tam sim no. Piv txwv li, Google xa 65,000 cov txiaj ntsig rau cov lus nug tseeb "Lub tsheb tau tsim los ntawm".
Lub suab tsis muaj zog kuj tseem siv tau thaum tus neeg ua yeeb yam / tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm qhov kev txiav txim (kev kawm) twb tau muaj npe lossis paub ua ntej. Yuav kom tsis txhob rov hais dua, qhov tseem ceeb yog hloov mus rau qhov khoom, thiab cov lus hais txog cov ntsiab lus raug tshem tawm, vim. Ua tsaug rau Passive, cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem tsis muaj npe.
Yog tias koj muaj lus tsis txaus siab seb puas tsim nyog siv Present Perfect, koj tuaj yeem sim ntxiv cov lus "twb", "los ntawm lub sijhawm no", "tseem" (tsis tau), "tam sim no" rau lo lus ntawm kab lus nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov kab lus hloov mus rau lub ntsiab lus thiab tsis tau txais connotations ntxiv, nyob rau hauv lus Askiv version nws yog zoo dua los qhia nws los ntawm lub passive lub suab ntawm tam sim no tiav.
Piv txwv cov kab lus Passive hauv Present Perfect nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm "twb":
|
Koj pob tau xa tuaj (Inyuam qhuav pom tias koj pob khoom xa tuaj lawm) |
Koj pob khoom xa tuaj lawm | Koj pob tau xa tuaj |
|
Cov ncuav qab zib npaj tau (Kuv pom tias cov ncuav tau npaj lawm) |
Cov ncuav qab zib npaj tau | khob noom tau siav |
Yuav siv li cas
Nws yog qhov txaus los ntxiv rau daim ntawv passive hauv Present Perfect. Txoj cai: subject + be in the tam sim no perfect (have / have been) + the 3 form of the main verb.
Has feem ntau yog abbreviated rau 's sau ntawv: Lub party tau raug tshem tawm=Lub party tau muab tshem tawm.
Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus nug, tau / muaj txav mus rau thawj qhov chaw, ua raws li cov ntsiab lus, tau, cov lus qhia tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv thib peb thiab lwm cov kab lus: Puas yog pawg neeg raug tshem tawm? (Pab tshem tawm?).
Nyob rau hauv kab lus tsis zoo, muaj / muaj yog ua raws li cov particle tsis: Lub tog tseem tsis tau muab tso tseg.
Piv txwv tam sim no zoo meej hauv Passive thiab Active Voice:
| Active | Passive |
| Kuv sau ib tsab ntawv | essay sau los ntawm kuv |
| Kuv tau sau ib tsab ntawv | Cov ntawv sau los ntawm kuv |
| Tus me nyuam sawv | Tus me nyuam sawv los |
| Koj puas tau caw ib tug neeg tuaj koom? | Puas muaj leej twg caw tuaj koom? |
| Koj puas tau caw leej twg ntawm tog? | Tseem muaj leej twg raug caw tuaj koom? |
| Kuv kho kuv lub tsheb kauj vab | Kuv lub tsheb kauj vab yog kho kuv |
| Kuv kho kuv lub tsheb kauj vab | Kuv lub tsheb kauj vab kho kuv |
| Kuv nyuam qhuav pleev xim lub rooj vag | rooj vag pleev xim |
| Kuv nyuam qhuav pleev xim lub rooj vag | rooj vag no nyuam qhuav pleev xim |
| Kuv qhib qhov rais | Qhov rai qhib |
| Kuv tau qhib qhov rais | Lub qhov rais no tau qhib lawm |
CV
Passive hauv Present Perfect yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig thaum peb pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, tab sis tsis paub nws cov kws sau ntawv, lossis cov khoom ntawm qhov cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb, thiab tsis yog tus tsim. kev cuam tshuam.
Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias William tau tso tseg lub party, tab sis vim li cas peb yuav tsum tham txog nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev tshem tawm tseem ceeb? Tsis tas li ntawd, tus interlocutor tej zaum yuav tsis paub William, tab sis muaj kev caw tuaj koom nrog peb. Yog li ntawd, peb siv lub suab passive thiab tsuas yog tham txog lub party (Lub party tau muab tshem tawm).
Qhov kev txiav txim siab tib yam siv rau cov xov xwm. Feem ntau, cov neeg nyeem mob siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus, xov tooj tshiab lossis txoj cai tshiab, thiab tsis yog lawv tus tsim. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog muab tso rau invention ntawm cov khoom, thiab tsis yog nyob rau hauv inventors, siv lub Passive nyob rau hauv lub Present Perfect.
