Kab lus no hais txog lub ntsiab lus nyuaj, npaj rau cov neeg uas twb tau kawm txog cov kev cai yooj yim thiab muaj lub tswv yim ntawm cov kab lus yooj yooj yim, infinitive lossis ntxiv yog dab tsi. Ib yam khoom nyuaj hauv lus Askiv tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus sau ntawv saud, hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog qhov sib ntxiv uas yog tsim los ntawm kev siv infinitive. Cia peb ua tib zoo saib lub ntsiab lus no thiab piv txwv nrog kev txhais lus. Ua tib zoo nyeem nqe lus sau ntawv kom zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd los nrog koj tus kheej cov kab lus uas yuav pab txhawb txoj cai kawm.
How a Complex object is form in English
Qhov kev hloov pauv no suav nrog qhov nominal, uas tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm lub npe lossis lub npe uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom siv - piv txwv li no: kuv, nws, lawv, nws, pebthiab lwm yam, thiab cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv infinitive. Ntawd yog, schematically qhov kev tsim kho no tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li hauv qab no:
object pronoun/noun + infinitive
Piv txwv:
- Kuv xav kom nws teb kuv sai li sai tau. - Kuv xav kom nws teb kuv sai li sai tau.
- Anna xav tias nws tus muam nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv. - Anna xav tias nws tus muam mus kawm ntawv.
- Nws xav tias muaj neeg ntaus nws. - Nws xav tias muaj leej twg ntaus nws.
- Dr. Thompson hais kom kuv noj cov tshuaj txias no. - Tus kws kho mob Thompson hais kom kuv noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas no.
Cov no yog cov piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov khoom Complex, nws kev tsim kho yog nyob rau hauv italic. Nws yog feem ntau txhais ua lus Lavxias nrog kev pab los ntawm subordinate clauses nrog lub unions "dab tsi" los yog "rau". Hauv kev hais lus ntawm qhov ncauj, nws tsis tshua muaj siv, tab sis sau ntawv nws siv ntau dua.
Cov khoom tsis yooj yim hauv lus Askiv: siv rooj plaub
Qhov kev tsim kho no feem ntau yog siv nrog cov lus qhia ntawm qhov muag lossis kev xav pom, xws li pom (pom ib yam), hnov (hnov ib tug neeg, ib yam dab tsi), ceeb toom (daim ntawv ceeb toom), hnov (xav tias - lossis). Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov tias tom qab cov lus qhia zoo li no, cov lus hais -to yog tsis muab, piv txwv li:
- Kuv tsis tau pom ib tug neeg tawm hauv lub xinesmas. - Kuv tsis tau pom leej twg tawm hauv xinesmas.
- Kuv tsis tau pom nws ua kev ua si nawv. - Kuv yeej tsis tau pom nws ua kis las.
- Lawv pom nws muab kos rau lawv. - Lawv pom tias nws muab kos npe rau lawv.
Nco ntsoov, Cov khoom siv hauv lus Askiv yog siv nrog cov lus qhia qhia txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, xws li xav txog (xav txog), tawm tswv yim (qhia) thiab lwm yam, piv txwv li:
- Peb txhua tus xav tias nws yog neeg ruam. - Peb sawv daws xav tias nws tsis ntse.
- Kuv vam tias nws yuav xa email rau kuv ib teev tom ntej. - Kuv cia siab tias nws yuav xa email rau kuv hauv ib teev.
Tseem nco ntsoov tias qhov kev tsim kho zoo sib xws yog siv nrog cov lus ntawm kev nyiam rau qee yam, piv txwv li, xav tau (xav tau ib yam), xav (xav tau ib yam), nyiam (xws li) thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li:
- Nws xav kom nws tus ntxhais ua tus qauv. - Nws xav kom nws tus ntxhais los ua tus qauv.
- Anna thiab kuv niam tsis xav kom peb mus Turkey. - Anna thiab kuv niam tsis xav kom peb mus rau Turkey.
Tseem, cov lus Askiv Complex yuav tsum siv ib txwm siv yog tias koj xav ua kab lus nrog cov lus qhia cia (kom tso cai), ua (kom yuam), quab yuam (kom yuam), muaj (kom yuam). Ntxiv mus, tau, raws li zoo raws li ua thiab muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev tsim kho no yog siv tsis muaj "rau" particle. Piv txwv li:
- Dab tsi ua rau nws xaiv txoj haujlwm no, kuv xav tsis thoob? - Kuv xav paub tiag tiag qhov ua rau nws xaiv txoj haujlwm no?
- Kuv vam tias peb pab neeg yuav muaj lub tuam txhab kos npe rau cov ntawv cog lus no - Kuv vam tias peb pab neeg yuav tau txais lub tuam txhab kos npe rau cov ntawv cog lus no.
Thiab raws li qhov tshwj xeeb, Cov khoom siv sib xyaw yog siv nrog cov lus qhia los tshaj tawm, tshaj tawm, tshaj tawm. Xav ua piv txwv:
Lawv tshaj tawm Maria Sharapova los ua tus yeej hauv qhov kev sib tw ntaus pob tesniv. - Lawv tshaj tawm Maria Sharapova tus yeej ntawm qhov kev sib tw ntaus pob tesniv
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, txawm hais tias qhov kev hloov pauv no nyuaj heev rau tus tswv, thiab cov ncauj lus muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv kom nco qab, nws siv yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum koj xav qhia cov kev paub zoo ntawm cov lus. Nws kuj yog qhov zoo los siv nws thaum sau cov ntawv thiab lwm yam ntawv, nrog rau kom nkag siab cov lus thiab lwm cov ntawv.
