Muaj ntau yam ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Slavs. Thaum lub sij hawm Great Migration of Nations, ntau pab pawg neeg los ntawm nruab nrab thiab sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Europe mus rau sab hnub poob. Ntau qhov kev xav hais tias Slavs tau nqis los ntawm Antes, Wends thiab Sklavens hauv 5th-6th centuries. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov loj loj no tau muab faib ua peb pawg: sab hnub poob, sab qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm yav tas los nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus.
Eastern Slavs tsis yog tib neeg. Qhov no ua tsis tau vim qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua thiab kev nyob. Muaj 15 pawg neeg koom siab ntawm Eastern Slavs. Txawm tias lawv cov kwv tij txheeb ze thiab nyob ze, lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo tsis yog ib txwm ua phooj ywg.
Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev faib tawm, cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau pab pawg pawg koom haum ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs. Lub rooj yuav pab kom nkag siab ntau lub npe ntawm cov qauv qauv ntawm lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv lub IX-X centuries. lawv txhua tus koom siab nyob rau hauv Russia raws li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Kyiv.
| Northern tribal unions | Slovene, Krivichi, Polotsk |
| Central tribal unions | Dregovichi, Radimichi, Vyatichi |
| Western tribal unions | Volynians, dawb Croats, Buzhans |
| Southern tribal unions | Drevlyans, dulebs, glade, qaum teb, txoj kev, Tivertsy |
Northern tribal unions
Slovenes nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub ecumene no. Nyob rau hauv historiography, lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "Ilmensky" kuj tau kho - los ntawm lub npe ntawm lub pas dej nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv nyob. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub nroog loj ntawm Novgorod yuav tshwm sim ntawm no, uas, nrog rau Kyiv, tau los ua ib qho ntawm ob lub chaw nom tswv hauv tebchaws Russia. Lub koom haum pab pawg neeg ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs yog ib qho ntawm cov tsim tawm tshaj plaws vim kev lag luam nrog cov neeg nyob sib ze thiab lub teb chaws ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv B altic. Lawv feem ntau tsis sib haum xeeb nrog Varangians (Vikings) paub, yog vim li cas Tub Vaj Ntxwv Rurik tau raug caw los kav.
South tau txiav txim siab lwm pab pawg neeg ntawm Eastern Slavs - Krivichi. Lawv nyob rau sab sauv ntawm ob peb tus dej loj: Dnieper, Western Dvina thiab Volga. Lawv lub nroog loj yog Smolensk thiab Izborsk. Polotsk thiab Vitebsk nyob Polotsk.
Central tribal unions
Vyatichi nyob ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws tributary ntawm lub Volga - lub Oka. Nws yog lub sab hnub tuaj tshaj plaws pab pawg neeg ntawm Eastern Slavs. Archaeological monuments ntawm Romano-Borshchev kab lis kev cai tseem nyob ntawm Vyatichi. Lawv feem ntau koom nrog kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev lag luam nrog Volga Bulgars.
Rau sab hnub poob ntawm Vyatichi thiab sab qab teb ntawm Krivichi nyob Radimichi. Lawv muaj thaj av nruab nrab ntawm tus dej Desna thiab Dnieper hauv Belarus niaj hnub. Yuav luag tsis muaj ntawv sau tseg los ntawm pawg neeg no - tsuas yog hais txogcov neeg zej zog tsim kho ntau dua.
Dregovichi nyob txawm sab hnub poob ntawm Radimichi. Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lawv pib muaj cov neeg qus ntawm Lithuania, uas cov Slavs muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Tab sis txawm tias txoj kev sib raug zoo no muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau Dregovichi, uas tau txais ntau tus cwj pwm B altic. Txawm lawv cov lus tau hloov thiab qiv cov lus tshiab los ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb.
Western tribal unions
Volhynians thiab White Croats nyob rau sab hnub poob deb. Lawv txawm hais los ntawm Byzantine huab tais Constantine Porphyrogenitus (hauv nws phau ntawv "Nyob rau Kev Tswj Xyuas Lub Tebchaws"). Nws ntseeg tias nws yog pawg neeg koom siab ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs uas yog poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Balkan Croats uas nyob ntawm ciam teb nrog nws lub xeev.
Volynians tseem hu ua Buzhans, uas tau txais lawv lub npe los ntawm Western Bug River. Lawv tau hais nyob rau hauv Zaj Dab Neeg Bygone Xyoo.
Southern tribal unions
Lub Hiav Txwv Dub steppes tau dhau los ua tsev rau txoj kev thiab Tivertsy. Cov pab pawg neeg no tau xaus rau sab qab teb ciam teb ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm Eastern Slavs. Lawv nyob hauv lub steppe thiab tas li tawm tsam nrog cov nomads hauv zos ntawm Turkic keeb kwm - Pechenegs thiab Polovtsy. Cov Slavs yeej tsis yeej qhov kev tawm tsam no, thiab nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 10th lawv thaum kawg tawm hauv cheeb tsam Dub Hiav Txwv, nyob hauv thaj av ntawm Volhynians thiab sib xyaw nrog lawv.
Northerners nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Slavic ecumene. Lawv txawv ntawm lwm pab pawg neeg ntawm lub ntsej muag nqaim. Lawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob ze steppe nomad, nrog rau cov neeg sab qaum teb sib koom ua ke. Mus txog 882 cov nocov pab pawg yog cov ceg ntawm Khazars mus txog thaum Oleg muab lawv tso rau hauv nws lub xeev.
Drevlyane
Drevlyans nyob hauv hav zoov ntawm Dnieper thiab Pripyat. Lawv lub peev yog Iskorosten (tam sim no muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm nws). Cov Drevlyans tau tsim kev sib raug zoo hauv pawg neeg. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib lub xeev thaum ntxov nrog nws tus huab tais.
Rau qee lub sijhawm, Drevlyans tau sib cav nrog lawv cov neeg nyob ze-polyans kom muaj kev tshaj lij hauv cheeb tsam, thiab tom kawg txawm them se rau lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab Oleg koom ua ke Novgorod thiab Kyiv, nws kuj subjugated Iskorosten. Nws tus neeg ua tiav, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Igor, tuag ntawm Drevlyans txhais tes, tom qab nws tau thov nyiaj ntau ntxiv los ntawm lawv. Nws tus poj niam Olga tau ua phem ua pauj rau cov neeg ntxeev siab los ntawm teeb Iskorosten rau hluav taws, uas tsis tau rov qab los.
Cov npe ntawm pawg neeg koom siab ntawm Eastern Slavs feem ntau muaj cov lus sib txawv hauv ntau qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, cov Drevlyans kuj tau piav raws li Duleb pawg neeg koom siab, lossis Dulebs. Lawv tau tawm ntawm Zimnovskoye kev sib haum xeeb, uas tau rhuav tshem los ntawm Avars aggression nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 7th.
Meadows
Cov chav kawm nruab nrab ntawm Dnieper tau xaiv los ntawm kev tshem tawm. Nws yog pawg neeg muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab muaj hwj chim tshaj plaws. Zoo heev tej yam ntuj tso thiab fertile av tso cai rau lawv tsis tau tsuas yog noj lawv tus kheej, tab sis kuj mus ua lag luam nrog lawv cov neeg nyob ze - mus equip lub fleets, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog los ntawm lawv cov cheeb tsam uas txoj kev "Los ntawm Varangians mus rau Greeks" tau dhau mus, uas tau muab rau lawv. loj profits.
Kyiv, nyob rau ntawm ntug dej siab ntawm Dnieper, tau los ua qhov nruab nrab ntawm glades. Nws cov phab ntsa ua haujlwm ruaj khov tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab. Leej twg yog cov neeg nyob zeCov pab pawg neeg ntawm Eastern Slavs nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no? Khazars, Pechenegs thiab lwm yam nomads uas xav kom them se rau cov neeg nyob. Xyoo 882, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Oleg ntawm Novgorod tau ntes Kyiv thiab tsim ib lub koom haum East Slavic xeev, tsiv nws lub peev ntawm no.
