English mathematician George Boole: biography, ua hauj lwm

Cov txheej txheem:

English mathematician George Boole: biography, ua hauj lwm
English mathematician George Boole: biography, ua hauj lwm
Anonim

Los ntawm tsev neeg ua haujlwm pluag, George Buhl yug los ntawm lub sijhawm tsis raug, nyob rau hauv qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab hauv chav kawm tsis ncaj ncees. Nws tsis muaj caij nyoog loj hlob los ua lej, tab sis nws tau los ua ib tus tawm tsam txhua qhov sib txawv.

George Buhl: Biography

Yug thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2, 1815 hauv tebchaws Askiv lub nroog Lincoln, Boole muaj hmoo txaus kom muaj ib tug txiv uas nws tus kheej nyiam ua lej thiab muab kev qhia rau nws tus tub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau qhia nws yuav ua li cas ua cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag. Young George tau mob siab kawm, thiab thaum muaj yim xyoo nws tau tshaj nws txiv tus kheej qhia.

Ib tug phooj ywg hauv tsev neeg tau pab qhia tus me nyuam hauv Latin thiab ua rau nws tus kheej qaug zog ob peb xyoos. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos, Buhl twb tau txhais cov paj huam Roman thaum ub. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 14 xyoos, George tau paub lus German, Italian thiab Fabkis. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoo nws tau los ua tus kws qhia ntawv thiab qhia hauv West Riding lub teb chaws cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv Yorkshire. Thaum nees nkaum, nws qhib nws lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv nws lub zos.

Lub sijhawm ob peb xyoos tom ntej no George Boole siv sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev nyeem ntawv lej lej qiv los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Mechanics hauv zos. Nyob ntawd nws nyeem Isaac Newton's "Principia" thiabCov hauj lwm ntawm Fabkis cov kws tshawb fawb Laplace thiab Lagrange ntawm 18th thiab 19th centuries "Treatise on Celestial Mechanics" thiab "Analytical Mechanics". Tsis ntev nws tau paub cov ntsiab lus nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd thiab pib daws cov teeb meem algebraic nyuaj.

Nws yog lub sijhawm txav mus los.

George buhl
George buhl

Star Rising

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 24 xyoos, George Boole tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Cambridge University Mathematical Journal nws thawj daim ntawv "Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Hloov Kho" ntawm cov teeb meem algebraic ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab sib npaug sib txawv, tsom rau lub tswv yim ntawm invariance. Tshaj li kaum xyoo tom ntej no, nws lub hnub qub tau nce nrog cov ntawv tsis tu ncua ntawm cov ntawv qub thawb cov kev txwv ntawm kev ua lej.

Los ntawm 1844, nws tau mob siab rau kev siv cov combinatorics thiab suav lej los ua haujlwm ntawm cov lej tsis kawg thiab tsis kawg. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, rau nws cov hauj lwm luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub Philosophical Transactions ntawm lub Royal Society, rau nws kev koom tes rau kev ua lej tsom xam thiab kev sib tham txog cov txheej txheem rau combining algebra nrog txawv thiab ib tug calculus, nws tau txais ib tug puav pheej kub.

Tsis ntev George Boole pib tshawb nrhiav qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv algebra los daws cov teeb meem kev xav. Nyob rau hauv nws 1847 txoj hauj lwm The Mathematical Analysis of Logic, nws tsis tsuas yog txuas ntxiv Gottfried Leibniz cov lus qhia ua ntej txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm logic thiab lej, tab sis kuj tau ua pov thawj tias yav dhau los yog kev qhuab qhia ua lej, tsis yog kev xav.

Txoj haujlwm no txhawb nqa tsis yog kev qhuas ntawm tus kws tshaj lijAugustus de Morgan (Ada Byron tus kws cob qhia) tab sis ua rau nws muaj txoj haujlwm ua tus xibfwb qhia lej ntawm Queen's College hauv Ireland, txawm tias tsis muaj tsev kawm qib siab.

George buhl thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb: Tsev Neeg lub neej
George buhl thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb: Tsev Neeg lub neej

George Buhl: Boolean Algebra

Tawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tus kws lej pib nkag siab tob rau hauv nws txoj haujlwm, tsom mus rau kev txhim kho "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua lej", thiab txiav txim siab nrhiav txoj hauv kev los sau cov lus sib cav hauv hom lus tshwj xeeb, uas lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. manipulated and solved lej.

Nws tuaj rau cov lus qhia lej, peb txoj haujlwm yooj yim uas yog (thiab tseem yog) "AND", "OR" thiab "tsis yog". Nws yog peb lub luag haujlwm no uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm nws qhov chaw thiab tsuas yog tus neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog los ua cov haujlwm sib piv thiab cov haujlwm ua lej yooj yim.

Boole's system, tau piav qhia meej hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov cai ntawm kev xav, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov lej theories ntawm logic thiab qhov tshwm sim" hauv xyoo 1854, tau ua raws li binary mus kom ze thiab ua haujlwm tsuas yog nrog ob yam khoom. - "yog" thiab "tsis yog", "tseeb" thiab "false", "on" thiab "off", "0" thiab "1".

george boule boolean algebra
george boule boolean algebra

Lub neej ntiag tug

Xyoo tom ntej nws tau sib yuav Mary Everest, tus muam ntawm Sir George Everest, tom qab uas lub roob siab tshaj hauv ntiaj teb tau hu ua. Nkawd muaj 5 tug ntxhais. Ib tug ntawm lawv, tus hlob tshaj, tau los ua ib tug xib fwb ntawm chemistry. Lwm qhov yog nyob rau hauv geometry. George Boole tus ntxhais yau, Ethel LillianVoynich tau dhau los ua tus kws sau ntawv nto moo uas tau sau ntau yam haujlwm, qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog qhov tshiab The Gadfly.

cov thwjtim

Tshwj xeeb, muab txoj cai ntawm tus lej lej hauv cov voj voog kev kawm, Boole lub tswv yim raug thuam lossis tsis quav ntsej tag nrho los ntawm nws cov neeg kawm ntawv feem ntau. Hmoov zoo, American logician Charles Sanders Pierce tau qhib ntau dua.

Kaum ob xyoos tom qab tshaj tawm Txoj Kev Kawm, Peirce tau hais lus luv luv piav txog Boole lub tswv yim rau American Academy of Arts thiab Sciences, thiab tom qab ntawd siv sijhawm ntau dua 20 xyoo hloov kho thiab nthuav nws kom paub txog lub peev xwm ntawm txoj kev xav hauv kev xyaum.. Qhov no nws thiaj li coj mus rau qhov tsim ntawm qhov yooj yim hluav taws xob logic circuit.

Pierce yeej tsis tau tsim nws qhov kev xav theoretical Circuit Court, vim nws yog tus kws tshawb fawb ntau dua li tus kws hluav taws xob, tab sis qhia Boolean algebra rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov chav kawm hauv kev xav txog kev xav.

Thaum kawg, ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig, Claude Shannon, tau coj lub tswv yim no thiab tsim nws.

George buhl computer science
George buhl computer science

Cov haujlwm tsis ntev los no

Nyob rau xyoo 1957, George Boole tau raug xaiv los ua Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Royal Society.

Tom qab "Kev Tshawb Fawb" nws tau luam tawm ntau cov haujlwm, ntawm ob qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog "Treatise on Differential Equations" (1859) thiab "Treatise on the Calculus of Finite Differences" (1860). Phau ntawv tau siv los ua phau ntawv kawm tau ntau xyoo. Nws kuj tau sim los tsim ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kev xav tau, uas yuav tso cai los ntawm qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm txhua qhov txheej txheem ntawm cov xwm txheej los txiav txim qhov tom ntej.qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog muab qhov laj thawj.

Cov pov thawj kawg

Hmoov tsis zoo, Boole txoj haujlwm tau cuam tshuam thaum nws tuag vim "ua npaws" thaum muaj hnub nyoog 49 xyoos tom qab taug kev 3 km hauv nag thaum hais lus hauv khaub ncaws ntub. Los ntawm qhov no, nws rov ua pov thawj tias cov neeg txawj ntse thiab kev nkag siab qee zaum muaj qee qhov sib xws.

George Bull tus ntxhais
George Bull tus ntxhais

Leej twg

George Boole's "Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Ua lej" thiab "Kev Tshawb Fawb" tau tsim lub hauv paus rau Boolean algebra, qee zaum hu ua Boolean logic.

Nws txoj kab ke ntawm ob qhov txiaj ntsig, faib cov lus sib cav rau hauv cov chav kawm sib txawv uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li seb lawv puas muaj qee yam khoom, tso cai rau kev kos duab tsis hais tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv.

Buhl txoj haujlwm tau ua rau cov ntawv thov nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog. Piv txwv li, cov khoos phis tawj siv cov lej binary thiab cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog, kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm uas yog raws li Boolean logic. Cov kev tshawb fawb, uas nws tus tsim yog George Boole, computer science, tshawb nrhiav lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev suav, nrog rau cov tswv yim rau kev siv.

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