Rau cov neeg kawm lus Askiv, nws nyuaj heev rau kev nyeem tsis tau, vim cov lus Askiv tsis tau hais raws li lawv sau. Txhawm rau nyeem kom raug, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus sau tseg. Nws qhia tau hais tias cov ntawv nyeem ua lus Askiv zoo li cas.
History of the English alphabet
Raws li cov ntawv sau, cov tsiaj ntawv Askiv muaj 500 xyoo laus dua li Lavxias. Ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm cov ntseeg, cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov lus Askiv niaj hnub siv runic sau. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 9th, lub Anglo-Saxons officially pib siv cov ntawv qub lus Askiv Latin, uas muaj 20 Latin ntawv, 2 runes thiab 2 hloov Latin graphemes.
Txog xyoo pua 11, muaj kev sim ua kom cov tsiaj ntawv Askiv zoo, tab sis lawv ua tsis tiav, vim Saxons siv cov ntawv qub nrog rau tsab ntawv tshiab.
Hnub no cov tsiaj ntawv Askiv suav nrog 26 tus cim:
- English vowels - 5 letters;
- English consonants - 21 tsab ntawv.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov ntawv Y thiab R sawv sib nrug, vim tias nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv lo lus, lawv tuaj yeem txhais tau ob tus lej thiab lub suab suab.
Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum paub cov tsiaj ntawv Askiv?
Kev paub tsis yogtsuas yog sau ntawv xwb, tab sis kuj hais cov ntawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg kawm lus Askiv. Vim li cas? Qhov tseeb yog tias kev sau ntawv thiab kev hais lus Askiv tsis sib xws, vim tias lawv cov ntaub ntawv kaw tsis ua raws li cov cai. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau mus rau qhov hu ua spelling (los ntawm lo lus spell) - spelling. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lus Askiv no yooj yim to taub ntawm kev sau ntawm lub xeem Smith (Smith), uas, ntxiv rau cov kev sau nrov, kuj tseem muaj cov kev xaiv hauv qab no:
- Smithe;
- Smythe;
- Smyth,
- Psmith.
Lub suab ntawm txhua lub npe yog tib yam.
Kev txawj sau ntawv yog qhov tsim nyog rau txhua tus neeg hais lus Askiv, yog li txawm tias los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, kev tsim kom muaj peev xwm sau cov lus sai sai pib. Piv txwv li, hauv cov chav kawm geography, tus kws qhia ntawv, tsis muaj kev thov los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, npe cov npe tshiab rau lawv. Lwm tus kws qhia ntawv kuj zoo ib yam yog lo lus nyuaj lossis tsis paub rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv hauv zaj lus qhia.
Yog li ntawd, thaum kawm lus Askiv, yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tsim ntawm kev sau ntawv, uas ib tus ua tsis tau yam tsis paub cov tsiaj ntawv.
Koj hais cov suab lus Askiv li cas?
Cov lus Askiv, nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv lo lus, tuaj yeem luv lossis ntev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov luv luv tsuas yog hais tau yooj yim thiab zoo ib yam li Lavxias teb sab vowels, thaum lub thib ob yuav tsum tau hais kom ntev, yuav luag hu nkauj los yog pronounced raws li yog hais tias koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas muab qhov kev nyuaj siab. Thaum hais lus, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li txoj cai no, txij li los ntawmnws nyob ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lo lus nkoj (nkoj), lub suab [thiab] yog hais raws li nyob rau hauv lo lus "willow". Nyob rau hauv lo lus yaj (yaj), lub phoneme [thiab] yog pronouncely drawlingly, raws li yog hais tias nws yuav tsum tau kev nyuaj siab.
English vowels muab faib ua:
- paj luv luv - niam (niam), daim ntawv qhia (map), xaum (xiav), khob (khob), lauj kaub (tais).
- ntev suab suab - txiv (txiv, txiv), sai (sai, sai), kaj ntug (daj), bee (npiv).
- diphthongs - 2 English vowels that is pronounced as one phoneme - fuel (fuel), bow (bow), coat (coat), fine (zoo).
Txoj cai nyeem cov ntawv yog dab tsi?
English vowels, tsis zoo li consonants, ua raws li ntau yam kev cai nyeem:
- txoj cai kaw thiab qhib lub suab (c.s. thiab o.s.);
- vowel + r;
- vowel + r +vowel;
- Stressed vowel ua ke.
Paub txog cov cai no, koj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txuj ci ntawm kev nyeem ntawv yuav luag tsis muaj qhov yuam kev yam tsis paub sau ntawv. Xav txog cov cai rau kev nyeem 5 lub suab thiab tsab ntawv Y nrog cov piv txwv ntawm cov lus nrog cov ntawv sau ua lus Lavxias.
| A | O | E | I | U | Y | |
| o.s. | [hey] ib yam | [oh] note | [thiab:] he | [ai] zoo | [yuu] cube | [ai] my |
| c.s. | [uh] rat | [o] kub | [e] red | [thiab] bit | [a] run | [and] myth |
| ch+r | [a:] tsheb | [o:] sort | [e:] term | [e:] tir | [e:] fur | [e:] Byrd |
| ch+r+ch | [ea] care | [o:] khw | [ee] mere | [aye] hluav taws | [yue] kho | [aye] log |
Qhib - ib lub suab uas xaus rau hauv ib lub suab, txawm hais tias nws tsis mloog. Lub suab lus Askiv yog tsab ntawv E, uas nyeem tsis tau thaum kawg ntawm lo lus. Hauv qhov no, tus vowel yog pronounced raws li nws yog hu ua nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv. Kaw - ib lub suab uas xaus rau hauv ib tug consonant.
- note ([note]) - note;
- nose ([nose]) - nas;
- rice ([rice]) - mov;
- type ([type]) - print;
- shy ([shay]) - txaj muag, txaj muag;
- he ([hee]) - he;
- npe ([npe]) - name;
- same ([same]) - tib;
- nine ([nine]) - cuaj;
- fume ([fume]) - haus luam yeeb;
- cap ([cap]) - cap;
- pen ([pen]) - cwj mem;
- lot ([tau]) - ntau;
- sit ([sit]) - zaum, zaum;
- my ([may]) - mine, mine, mine, mine;
- nut ([nat]) - noob.
Vwj + r - tus vowel tau kos tawm.
- card ([ka:d]) - card;
- fork ([fo:k]) - fork;
- turn ([tö:n]) - tig, tig;
- girl ([gö:l]) - ntxhais, ntxhais;
- Byrd ([be:d]) is an English surname.
Vwj + r + vowel - tsab ntawv r tsis tau hais, thiab cov vowels tau hais ua ke ua ib lub suab.
- rare ([rea]) - rare;
- pure ([pyue]) - ntshiab;
- here ([hie]) - here;
- fire ([fie]) - hluav taws;
- store ([ib puas:]) - khw;
- tyre ([taie]) - log.
Ib pawg cais muaj cov lus Askiv uas tuaj ua khub thiab hu ua diphthongs. Diphthongs nrog piv txwv muaj nyob hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Nyob hauv kab lus no, peb saib cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev nyeem cov ntawv ua lus Askiv li cas. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum kawm ib hom lus yog kev xyaum, thiab txhawm rau kawm paub nyeem ntawv Askiv zoo, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev nyeem ntawv thiab kev sau ntawv txhua hnub.
