Raws li koj paub, cov ntawv nyeem muaj cov kab lus. Qhov tseeb, cov ntawv nyeem yog ob peb kab lus hais txog lub ntsiab lus. Tab sis txhawm rau xa cov ntaub ntawv rau tus nyeem ntawv (tus mloog), koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv txawv. Nws yog tsim nyog paub qhov txawv kab lus raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm nqe lus thiaj li yuav siv tau raws li lawv. Yog li, pib nrog, cia saib seb qhov no syntactic unit yog dab tsi. Ib kab lus yog ib pawg ntawm cov lus uas muaj feem xyuam nrog lub ntsiab lus. Nco ntsoov tias txawm ib lo lus lossis kab lus tuaj yeem ua tiav kab lus. Nws yog tseeb hais tias yog muaj ib lub ntsiab lus, ces nws yuav varied. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus muaj ib tug tej yam kev faib. Dab tsi yog cov lus pom zoo rau lub hom phiaj ntawm nqe lus, peb yuav qhia hauv kab lus no. Thov nco ntsoov tias hauv kev hais lus hauv qhov ncauj, kab lus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm nqe lus yog txiav txim siab los ntawm intonation, thiab sau ntawv - los ntawm cov ntawv ntawm cov lus thiab lawv siv.
Cov kab lus tshaj tawm
Yog li, peb hom lus txawv peb hom kab lus: piav qhia, nug thiab xav tau. Cov kab lus piav qhia yog cov kab lus uas haisqhia peb txog ib qho xwm txheej lossis hais qhov tseeb. "Olga dhau qhov kev xeem nrog cov qhab nia zoo" lossis "Muaj huab cua ntshiab thiab sov hauv Kemerovo." Interestingly, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus, nws yog cov lus tshaj tawm kab lus uas predominate. Thiab qhov no yog to taub, vim hais tias feem ntau, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv yog qhia rau ib tug neeg txog ib yam dab tsi. Tib neeg tham ntau dua li lawv nug thiab txhawb. Ntxiv mus, feem ntau yog ib kab lus tshaj tawm yuav tsum muaj ib qhov thib ob, piav qhia qee qhov tshwm sim lossis kev tshwm sim los ntawm thawj zaug.
Cov lus nug
Kab lus ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm nqe lus kuj tuaj yeem nug. Txhua yam yog qhov tseeb ntawm no. Ib lo lus nug yog ib kab lus nug. "Koj puas hlub kuv?". Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias kab lus tshaj tawm tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau ib qho kev nug. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau hloov lub intonation thiab semantic load. "Peb mus so hauv lub tebchaws" tig mus rau "Peb mus so hauv lub tebchaws?". Cov kab lus nug kuj tuaj yeem tsim los siv qee yam lus thiab cov lus qhia. "Leej twg", "dab tsi", "uas", "uas", "thaum", "qhov twg", "vim", "vim li cas", thiab lwm yam. pab tsim cov lus nug tshwj xeeb. "Vim li cas koj noj no?", "Lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj nyob qhov twg?". Thov nco ntsoov tias muaj cov kab lus uas cov lus nug tsis xav tau cov lus teb. "Leej twg tsis nyiam so ntawm hiav txwv?". Cov lus nug zoo li nohu ua rhetorical.
Incentives
Zoo tias peb cov lus tsuas muaj cov lus piav qhia thiab cov lus nug xwb, yog li ntawd, lwm cov lus pom zoo li cas rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hais lus? Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev txhawb nqa. Lawv suav tias yog haiv neeg tsawg hauv kev faib cov kab lus hauv Lavxias, tab sis lawv qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tsis txhob kwv yees. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv uas peb tuaj yeem thov kev pab, xaj cov neeg ua haujlwm kom ua tiav ib txoj haujlwm, muab tswv yim lossis xav tau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev hlub rau hnub so. Ntxiv rau qhov tshwj xeeb intonation siv rau qee hom kab lus txhawb siab (kev txiav txim, lus qhia, thiab lwm yam), hom kab lus no yog tsim los ntawm cov lus qhia hauv cov lus thiab ntau ntau ntawm tus lej thib ob ("Los ntawm no"); hais tias "cia", "los ntawm", thiab lwm yam. (“Cia nws rov qab los”); infinitive ("Tsis txhob quaj!").
