Ntawm dav dav ntawm Russia

Cov txheej txheem:

Ntawm dav dav ntawm Russia
Ntawm dav dav ntawm Russia
Anonim

Lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm tib neeg lub neej, muaj ntau yam kev tsov kev rog uas hloov pauv keeb kwm yav dhau los. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws. Qhov kev vam meej ntawm txhua qhov kev ua tub rog yog nyob ntawm qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog. Lawv yog leej twg, cov thawj coj loj thiab cov thawj coj tub rog ntawm Russia, uas coj yeej rau lawv Leej Txiv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyuaj? Peb nthuav qhia koj cov thawj coj ua tub rog uas ci ntsa iab tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws, pib txij thaum lub sijhawm qub Lavxias teb sab thiab xaus nrog Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj.

Svyatoslav Igorevich

Ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Russia tsis yog peb cov neeg kawm xwb. Lawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm Russia. Cov keeb kwm hu ua Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Kyiv Svyatoslav yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws tau nce lub zwm txwv hauv 945, tam sim ntawd tom qab nws txiv Igor tuag. Txij li thaum Svyatoslav tseem tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog txaus los tswj lub xeev (nws tsuas yog 3 xyoos thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav), nws niam Olga tau los ua regent nyob rau hauv nws. Tus poj niam heroic no yuav tsum tau coj lub Xeev Laus Laus txawm tias tom qab nws tus tub loj hlob tuaj. Yog vim li cas yog nws txoj kev ua tub rog tsis kawg, vim tias nws xyaum tsis mus xyuas Kyiv.

Lavxias generals
Lavxias generals

Yuav kav koj tus kheejthaj av Svyatoslav pib tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 964, tab sis txawm tias tom qab ntawd nws tsis tso tseg cov kev tawm tsam hnyav. Nyob rau hauv 965, nws tswj kom yeej lub Khazar Khaganate thiab ntxiv ib tug xov tooj ntawm conquered thaj chaw rau Ancient Russia. Svyatoslav tau ua ntau txoj kev sib tw tawm tsam Bulgaria (968-969), ntes nws cov nroog nyob rau hauv lem. Nws nres tsuas yog tom qab nws ntes Pereyaslavets. Tus tub huabtais npaj txav lub peev ntawm Russia mus rau lub nroog Bulgarian no thiab nthuav nws cov khoom ntiag tug mus rau Danube, tab sis vim yog kev tawm tsam ntawm Kiev thaj av ntawm Pechenegs, nws raug yuam kom rov qab los tsev nrog cov tub rog. Nyob rau hauv 970-971, Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog coj los ntawm Svyatoslav tawm tsam rau Bulgarian thaj chaw nrog Byzantium thov lawv. Tus tub huabtais yeej kov yeej tus yeeb ncuab uas muaj zog heev. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam no yog qhov xaus ntawm Russia thiab Byzantium ntawm kev cog lus ua tub rog muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws tsis paub tias muaj pes tsawg qhov kev tawm tsam hnyav Svyatoslav Igorevich tau tswj hwm yog tias xyoo 972 nws tsis tau tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Pechenegs.

Alexander Nevsky

Cov thawj coj zoo ntawm Russia tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib cais ntawm Russia. Alexander Nevsky yuav tsum raug ntaus nqi rau cov nom tswv zoo li no. Raws li tus tub huabtais ntawm Novgorod, Vladimir thiab Kyiv, nws mus rau hauv keeb kwm raws li ib tug txawj ntse tub rog thawj coj uas coj cov neeg nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam cov Swedes thiab Germans thov lub Northwestern ib ncig ntawm Russia. Nyob rau hauv 1240, txawm lub predominance ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog, nws yeej ib tug ci ntsa iab yeej nyob rau hauv lub Neva, inflicting ib tug crushing tshuab rau cov tub rog Swedish. Xyoo 1242 nws tau kov yeej cov Germans ntawm Lake Peipus. Qhov zoo ntawm Alexander Nevsky tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog yeej xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv diplomaticpeev xwm. Los ntawm kev sib tham nrog cov thawj coj ntawm Golden Horde, nws tau tswj kom ua tiav txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias los ntawm kev koom tes hauv kev ua tsov rog ua los ntawm Tatar Khans. Tom qab nws tuag, Nevsky tau canonized los ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox. suav tias yog cov neeg dawb huv ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias.

nto moo commanders ntawm Russia
nto moo commanders ntawm Russia

YDmitry Donskoy

Txuas ntxiv mus tham txog leej twg yog tus thawj coj nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov cov lus dab neeg Dmitry Donskoy. Tus tub huabtais ntawm Moscow thiab Vladimir tau poob rau hauv keeb kwm raws li ib tug txiv neej uas tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab av los ntawm lub Tatar-Mongol quab yuam. Nquag ntawm kev ua siab ntev rau kev ua siab ntev ntawm Golden Horde tus kav Mamai, Donskoy tau tawm tsam nws nrog ib pab tub rog. Kev txiav txim siab sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Kulikovo teb thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1380. Cov tub rog ntawm Dmitry Donskoy yog 2 lub sij hawm inferior nyob rau hauv loj rau cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsis sib xws ntawm cov tub rog, tus thawj coj loj tau tswj hwm kom kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab, yuav luag tag nrho nws cov tub rog ntau heev. Lub swb ntawm Mamai cov tub rog tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom lub sijhawm ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab av los ntawm Golden Horde dependence, tab sis kuj pab txhawb lub zog ntawm Moscow tus thawj tswj hwm. Zoo li Nevsky, Donskoy tau canonized los ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tom qab nws tuag.

zoo heev commanders ntawm Russia
zoo heev commanders ntawm Russia

YMikhail Golitsyn

Cov thawj coj nto moo ntawm Russia kuj nyob rau lub sijhawm huab tais Peter I. Ib tus thawj coj tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm no yog Tub Vaj Ntxwv Mikhail Golitsyn, uas tau los ua nto moo nyob rau hauv 21-xyoo Northern Tsov rog nrog cov Swedes. Nws tau nce mus rau qib Field Marshal. Distinguished nws tus kheej thaum lub capture nyob rau hauv 1702 los ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rogSwedish fortress Noteburg. Nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Poltava nyob rau hauv 1709, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov Swedes raug kev txom nyem crushing. Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, ua ke nrog A. Menshikov, nws tau caum cov tub rog tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab thiab yuam kom lawv tso lawv caj npab.

Xyoo 1714, cov tub rog Lavxias nyob rau hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm Golitsyn tawm tsam Swedish infantry ze lub Finnish lub zos ntawm Lappole (Napo). Qhov kev yeej no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv tsa thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Sab Hnub Tuaj. Cov Swedes raug ntiab tawm ntawm Finland, thiab Russia tau hla tus choj taub hau rau kev tawm tsam ntxiv. Golitsyn kuj paub nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua naval ntawm Grenam Island (1720), uas ua rau xaus rau qhov ntev thiab ntshav Northern Tsov rog. Commanding lub Lavxias teb sab fleet, nws yuam cov Swedes khiav tawm. Tom qab ntawd, Lavxias teb sab tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv B altic.

nto moo tshaj plaws commanders ntawm Russia
nto moo tshaj plaws commanders ntawm Russia

Fyodor Ushakov

Tsis yog cov thawj coj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia tau qhuas lawv lub tebchaws. Cov thawj coj tub rog tau ua nws tsis phem dua li cov thawj coj hauv av. Xws li yog Admiral Fyodor Ushakov, uas lub Koom Txoos Orthodox canonized rau ntau yam yeej. Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish (1787-1791). Nws coj cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Fidonisi, Tendra, Kaliakria, Kerch, coj lub siege ntawm cov kob ntawm Corfu. Nyob rau hauv 1790-1792 nws tau hais kom Black Sea Fleet. Thaum nws ua tub rog, Ushakov tau tawm tsam 43 kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nws yeej tsis swb nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm lawv. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws tau tswj hwm kom txuag tau tag nrho cov nkoj uas tau tso siab rau nws.

commanders ntawm Russia los ntawm ancient Russia
commanders ntawm Russia los ntawm ancient Russia

Alexander Suvorov

Qee tus thawj coj ntawm Russia tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Suvorov yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Ua tus generalissimo ntawm naval thiab av rog, raws li zoo raws li tus tuav ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog txiav txim uas muaj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman, nws tshuav ib tug ceeb cim nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm nws lub teb chaws. Nws tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua tus thawj coj tub rog txawj ntse hauv ob lub tebchaws Lavxias-Turkish kev tsov rog, Italian thiab Swiss kev sib tw. Nyob rau hauv 1787 nws hais kom Kinburn sib ntaus sib tua, nyob rau hauv 1789 - kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Focsani thiab Rymnik. Nws coj kev quab yuam ntawm Ishmael (1790) thiab Prague (1794). Thaum nws ua tub rog ua haujlwm, nws yeej yeej ntau dua 60 kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab tsis poob hauv ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ua ke nrog cov tub rog Lavxias nws mus rau Berlin, Warsaw thiab Alps. Nws tau tso tseg tom qab phau ntawv "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Yeej", qhov uas nws tau piav qhia txog kev ua tsov rog zoo.

Lavxias teb sab commanders Suvorov
Lavxias teb sab commanders Suvorov

YMikhail Kutuzov

Yog koj nug txog leej twg tus thawj coj nto moo ntawm Russia yog, ntau tus neeg tam sim ntawd xav txog Kutuzov. Thiab qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias rau qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm tus txiv neej no nws tau txais qhov kev txiav txim ntawm St. George - lub siab tshaj plaws tub rog puav pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Nws tuav qib Field Marshal. Yuav luag tag nrho Kutuzov lub neej tau siv nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nws yog tus hero ntawm ob lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog. Nyob rau hauv 1774, nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Alushta, nws raug mob nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev, vim hais tias nws poob nws sab qhov muag. Tom qab kev kho mob ntev, nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws-General ntawm Crimean Peninsula. Xyoo 1788 nws tau txais qhov mob thib ob hauv lub taub hau. Xyoo 1790, nws tau ua tiav qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Izmail, qhov uas nws tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua tus thawj coj tsis ntshai. Nyob rau hauv 1805 nws tau mus rau Austria kom txib cov tub rog,tawm tsam Napoleon. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Austerlitz.

Xyoo 1812, Kutuzov tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias hauv Kev Tsov Rog Tawm Tsam tawm tsam Napoleon. Nws tuav qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua loj ntawm Borodino, tom qab ntawd, ntawm pawg tub rog nyob hauv Fili, nws raug yuam kom txiav txim siab tshem tawm cov tub rog Lavxias los ntawm Moscow. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam, cov tub rog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Kutuzov muaj peev xwm thawb cov yeeb ncuab rov qab los ntawm lawv thaj chaw. Cov tub rog Fab Kis, suav tias yog cov muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, raug kev puas tsuaj loj rau tib neeg.

Kutuzov cov txuj ci kev coj noj coj ua tau muab peb lub tebchaws nrog kev yeej ntawm Napoleon, thiab coj nws lub koob meej thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias tus thawj coj tub rog tsis txhawb nqa lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim txom Fabkis hauv Tebchaws Europe, nws yog nws uas tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias thiab Prussian ua ke. Tab sis kev mob tsis tau tso cai rau Kutuzov muab lwm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua: thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1813, tau mus txog Prussia nrog nws cov tub rog, nws tau mob khaub thuas thiab tuag.

nto moo commanders ntawm Russia
nto moo commanders ntawm Russia

Generals hauv kev ua tsov rog tawm tsam Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees

Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau nthuav tawm rau lub ntiaj teb cov npe ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog uas muaj peev xwm Soviet. Cov thawj coj zoo ntawm Russia tau siv zog ntau rau hauv kev swb ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm fascism hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Muaj ntau tus thawj tub rog siab tawv nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm USSR. Ua tsaug rau lawv cov txuj ci thiab kev ua yeeb yam, lawv muaj peev xwm tawm tsam cov neeg kawm tau zoo thiab ua tub rog nrog cov cuab yeej tshiab ntawm German invaders. Peb muab rau koj kom paub nrog ob tus thawj coj loj tshaj plaws - I. Konev thiab G. Zhukov.

Ivan Konev

Ib tug ntawm cov uas peb lub xeev tshuav nws txoj kev yeej yog tus thawj nom tswv legendary thiab ob zaug hero ntawm USSR Ivan Konev. Tus thawj coj ntawm Soviet tau pib koom ua tsov rog ua tus thawj coj ntawm 19th Army ntawm North Caucasian District. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Smolensk (1941), Konev tswj kom khiav dim thiab tshem tawm cov tub rog hais kom ua thiab kev sib txuas lus tub rog los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub encirclement. Tom qab ntawd, tus thawj coj tau hais kom Western, Northwestern, Kalinin, Steppe, Thawj thiab thib ob Ukrainian pem hauv ntej. Koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Moscow, coj Kalinin kev ua haujlwm (kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tawm tsam). Nyob rau hauv 1942, Konev coj (ua ke nrog Zhukov) thawj thiab thib ob Rzhev-Sychev kev khiav hauj lwm, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1943, lub Zhizdrin ua hauj lwm.

Vim qhov muaj zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog, ntau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ua los ntawm tus thawj coj mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1943 ua tsis tiav rau cov tub rog Soviet. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv ntau heev tom qab kev yeej ntawm cov yeeb ncuab hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kursk (Lub Xya Hli-Lub Yim Hli 1943). Tom qab ntawd, cov tub rog nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Konev tau ua ntau qhov kev tawm tsam (Poltava-Kremenchug, Pyatikhat, Znamenskaya, Kirovograd, Lvov-Sandomierz), vim tias feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine tau tshem ntawm Nazis. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1945, Thawj Ukrainian Front nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Konev, ua ke nrog cov phooj ywg, tau pib ua haujlwm Vistula-Oder, tso tawm Krakow thiab Auschwitz concentration camp los ntawm Nazis. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1945, Marshal cov tub rog tau mus txog Berlin, thiab nws tus kheej tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam.

zoo commanders thiab naval commanders ntawm Russia
zoo commanders thiab naval commanders ntawm Russia

Georgy Zhukov

Nkauj Zoo KawgTus thawj coj, plaub zaug Hero ntawm USSR, yeej ntawm ntau yam khoom plig hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, Georgy Zhukov yog ib tug neeg legendary tiag tiag. Thaum nws tseem hluas, nws tau koom nrog hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib thiab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Khalkhin Gol. Thaum lub sij hawm Hitler invaded lub teb chaws ntawm lub Soviet Union, Zhukov raug xaiv los ntawm lub teb chaws tus thawj coj mus rau lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Deputy People's Commissar of Defense thiab Chief of the General Staff.

Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, nws tau coj cov tub rog ntawm Leningrad, Reserve thiab Thawj Belorussian pem hauv ntej. Nws tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Moscow, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad thiab Kursk. Nyob rau hauv 1943, Zhukov, ua ke nrog rau lwm cov Soviet commanders, ua ib tug breakthrough ntawm lub Leningrad blockade. Kev koom tes ua haujlwm hauv Zhytomyr-Berdychiv thiab Proskurovo-Chernivtsi kev ua haujlwm, vim tias ib feem ntawm thaj av Ukrainian tau dim ntawm cov neeg German.

Lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1944, nws tau ua tub rog loj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej "Bagration", lub sijhawm uas Belarus, ib feem ntawm lub xeev B altic thiab Eastern Poland raug tshem tawm ntawm Nazis. Thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1945, ua ke nrog Konev, nws tau koom tes ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog Soviet thaum lub sijhawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Warsaw. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1945 nws koom nyob rau hauv lub capture ntawm Berlin. Nyob rau hauv Moscow rau lub rau hli ntuj 24, 1945, lub yeej Parade tau tuav, lub sij hawm rau coincide nrog lub yeej ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog. Marshal Georgy Zhukov tau raug txib kom txais nws.

qhov zoo tshaj plaws commanders ntawm Russia
qhov zoo tshaj plaws commanders ntawm Russia

Results

Nws tsis tuaj yeem sau tag nrho cov thawj coj tub rog loj hauv peb lub tebchaws hauv ib qho kev tshaj tawm. Naval commanders thiab commanders ntawm Russia los ntawm Ancient Russia mus rauntawm peb hnub tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb, qhuas txog kev ua tub rog hauv tsev, kev ua yeeb yam thiab kev ua siab loj rau lawv cov tub rog.

Pom zoo: