Coal hauv nws cov kev hloov pauv ntau yam tuaj yeem muaj xim los ntawm xim av mus rau dub. Nws yog cov roj zoo, yog li nws yog siv los hloov cov thermal zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws yog tsim los ntawm tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj thiab dhau ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj txheej txheem nyob rau hauv nws.
Ntau yam kev hloov pauv ntawm cov thee
Kev sib sau ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov av swampy ua rau tsim cov peat, uas yog qhov ua ntej rau cov thee. Cov mis nyuj peat yog qhov nyuaj heev, ntxiv rau, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb stoichiometric piv rau hom thee no. Cov peat qhuav yog tsim los ntawm carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen thiab sulfur atoms.
Ntxiv mus, peat nyob rau hauv qhov ntev raug rau qhov kub thiab txias siab uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem geological, dhau mus rau ntau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no:
- Brown thee los yog lignite.
- Bitumen.
- coal.
- Anthracite.
Cov khoom kawg ntawm cov saw hlau hloov pauv no yog cov graphite nyuaj lossis graphite zoo li cov thee, uas nws cov qauv yog cov pa roj carbon ntshiab C.
Carboniferous ntoo
Kwv yees li 300 lab xyoo dhau los, thaum lub sijhawm Carboniferous, feem ntau ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb tau npog nrog cov hav zoov loj heev. Maj mam, cov hav zoov no tuag tawm, thiab ntoo tau sau rau hauv cov av swampy uas lawv loj hlob. Cov dej ntau thiab av tsim teeb meem rau kev nkag mus ntawm oxygen, yog li cov ntoo tuag tsis decompose.
Rau lub sijhawm ntev, cov ntoo tuag tshiab tau npog cov txheej txheem qub, lub siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias uas maj mam nce. Associated geological txheej txheem nws thiaj li coj mus rau tsim cov thee deposits.
txheej txheem Carbonization
Lo lus "carbonization" yog hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide nrog kev nce ntawm cov ntoo txheej, tectonic txav thiab cov txheej txheem, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm strata.
nce siab feem ntau hloov lub cev lub zog ntawm cov thee, cov tshuaj formula uas tseem tsis hloov pauv. Hauv particular, nws qhov ntom, hardness, optical anisotropy thiab porosity hloov. Kev nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv cov qauv ntawm cov thee mus rau qhov nce hauv cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab txo qis hauv oxygen thiab hydrogen. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg no ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov roj yam ntxwv ntawm cov thee.
coal
Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov thee no nplua nuj nyob hauv cov pa roj carbon ntau, uas ua rau lub siab hloov pauv coefficient thiab ua rau nws siv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob ua cov roj tseem ceeb.
Cov roj formula muajbituminous tshuaj, distillation ntawm uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus rho tawm los ntawm nws aromatic hydrocarbons thiab ib yam khoom hu ua coke, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy txheej txheem. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj bituminous, muaj ntau cov sulfur hauv cov thee. Cov khoom no yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa phem los ntawm cov thee combustion.
Coal yog dub thiab hlawv maj mam, tsim kom muaj nplaim daj. Tsis zoo li cov xim av xim av, nws cov nqi calorific siab dua thiab muaj li 30-36 MJ/kg.
Cov qauv ntawm cov thee muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke thiab muaj ntau lub tebchaw ntawm carbon, oxygen thiab hydrogen, nrog rau nitrogen thiab sulfur. Xws li ntau yam tshuaj sib txuas yog qhov pib ntawm kev txhim kho tag nrho cov kev taw qhia hauv kev lag luam tshuaj - carbochemistry.
Tam sim no, cov thee tawv tau yuav luag hloov los ntawm cov pa roj thiab roj, tab sis ob qho tseem ceeb tseem siv tau ntxiv:
- roj tseem ceeb hauv thermal fais fab nroj tsuag;
- qhov chaw ntawm coke tau los ntawm kev tsis muaj oxygen-dawb combustion ntawm cov thee nyuaj hauv qhov cub tawg kaw.
