Tus zoo hloov kho ntawm cov tshuaj Rudolf Virchow: biography, scientific kev ua

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Tus zoo hloov kho ntawm cov tshuaj Rudolf Virchow: biography, scientific kev ua
Tus zoo hloov kho ntawm cov tshuaj Rudolf Virchow: biography, scientific kev ua
Anonim

Nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj, tsis muaj ntau tus thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsim cov lus cog tseg thiab hloov pauv txoj kev paub. Virchow Rudolf, tus kws kho mob German, raug suav hais tias yog tus kws kho mob zoo li no. Tshuaj, tom qab nws txoj kev xav cellular pom lub teeb, pib nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem pathological hauv txoj kev tshiab.

Kev qhia, kws kho mob thiab sau ntawv xov xwm nrhiav pom

Rudolf Virchow
Rudolf Virchow

Virchow Rudolph yug hauv 1821, hauv nroog Schifelbein, Prussia (hnub no nws yog Svidvin, Poland). Nws txiv yog ib tug tswv av me. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoo, Rudolf Virchow tau los ua tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Berlin Medical Institute. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no nyob rau hauv 1843. Tom qab 4 xyoo, thaum nws tsuas yog 26 xyoo, Virchow tau txais nws tus kws kho mob. Lub sijhawm no, nws tau ua haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv ib lub tsev kho mob loj tshaj plaws hauv Berlin. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Rudolf Virchow tau tsim ib phau ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb hu ua Archive of Pathological Anatomy. Nws tam sim ntawd yeej muaj koob meej nyob hauv Europe, thiab tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim khoKev paub txog kev kho mob hauv lub xyoo pua 19th.

Qhia txog qhov xwm txheej hauv cov zos Polish

Nws yog qhov xav paub tias txawm tias thaum nws tseem hluas, thaum nws mus ncig ua lag luam rau Upper Silesia, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau "kev tshaib kev nqhis" typhus uas yeej muaj, Rudolf Virchow tau mus xyuas Pszczyna, Rybnik, Racibórz, raws li zoo li muaj ntau lub zos nyob ib puag ncig. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau tsim ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm uas nws tau piav qhia txog kev tsis huv rov qab thiab kev txom nyem ntawm cov pej xeem hauv zos Polish. Rudolf tau thov kom txhim kho kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov neeg no, lub koom haum ntawm kev kawm thiab kev kho mob. Nws luam tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom no nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal uas nws yog editor.

Tshawb nrhiav hauv Cytology

Nyob rau xyoo 1843, tom qab tiv thaiv nws qhov kev tshaj tawm kws kho mob, Rudolph pib kawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tes. Virchow tsis tau tso lub tshuab tsom iav rau hnub kawg. Txoj haujlwm ua tiav nrog kev txaus siab heev ua rau nws ua rau dig muag. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, nws pom nyob rau xyoo 1846 glial hlwb (lawv tsim lub hlwb).

rudolf vichow nws txoj kev koom tes rau biology
rudolf vichow nws txoj kev koom tes rau biology

Thaum Virchow nyuam qhuav pib nws txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb, cytology, uas yog, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov hlwb, tau txhim kho sai heev. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg tias cov hlwb degenerative feem ntau tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj txhu noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg yuav luag tag nrho los ntawm tus kab mob. Virchow, ntawm lub hauv paus no, pib lees paub tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb uas ua rau lub cev yog cov haujlwm ntawm nws tag nrho. Nws yog qhov tshiab saib ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Tsuas yog lub xovtooj ntawm tes yog tus tuav lub neej, raws li nws ntseegRudolf Virchow. Nws txoj kev xav ntawm tes yog qhov nthuav heev. Kab mob, raws li Virchow ntseeg, kuj yog txoj sia, tab sis kev mus rau hauv kev hloov pauv. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Rudolf cov lus qhia. Nws hu ua cellular pathology. Rudolf Virchow tau ua pov thawj tias ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes tsuas yog tsim los ntawm lwm tus xwb.

Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Physiologists

Rudolf Virchow ua pov thawj tias
Rudolf Virchow ua pov thawj tias

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 28 xyoo, xyoo 1849, Virchow tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, nyob hauv Würzburg. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd nws raug caw tuaj rau Berlin. Virchow siv nws lub neej tas li hauv German peev. Nws yog suav hais tias yog tus tsim ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm physiologists uas ntseeg hais tias lub cev yog ib tug tag nrho ntawm ywj siab hlwb, thiab nws lub neej yog tag nrho ntawm lawv lub neej. Virchow yog li saib lub cev raws li ib yam dab tsi muab faib ua ntu uas muaj lawv tus kheej muaj nyob.

Virchow's Works

Xyoo 1847, Virchow tau txais lub npe ntawm Privatdozen. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem pathological. Tus kws tshawb fawb pib elucidate cov kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv ntau yam kab mob hauv cov khoom siv substrate. Nws muab cov lus piav qhia tseem ceeb heev ntawm daim duab microscopic ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau tshuaj xyuas nrog lub lens 26 txhiab tus neeg tuag. Nws tau sau tseg nws txoj kev xav hauv xyoo 1855. Nws luam tawm lawv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm "Cellular Pathology" nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv journal. Yog li, xyoo 1855, Rudolf Virchow tau ua pov thawj tias los ntawm kev faib cov niam cell, cov tshiab tau tsim. Nws tau sau tseg tias txhua lub hlwb muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws. Tsis tas li ntawd, xyoo 1855 Rudolf Virchow tau ua pov thawj tias lawv yog homologous, vim lawv muaj qhov zoo sib xws.kev npaj tsim tsev thiab keeb kwm.

Xyoo 1855 Rudolf Virchow tau ua pov thawj tias
Xyoo 1855 Rudolf Virchow tau ua pov thawj tias

Nws txoj kev xav tau luam tawm xyoo 1858 ua ib phau ntawv cais, suav nrog ob phau ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov lus qhuab qhia tau muab luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv lawv, thawj zaug, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsiab pathological txheej txheem, txiav txim siab los ntawm ib tug tshiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm view, tau muab nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev txiav txim. Rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov txheej txheem, ib tug tshiab terminology tau qhia, uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no ("embology", "thrombosis", "leukemia", thiab lwm yam). Virchow tsim ntau yam haujlwm ntawm cov ncauj lus lom neeg. Nws tau sau cov haujlwm ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob sib kis. Ntau cov khoom ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb no tau mob siab rau cov txheej txheem ntawm autopsies, pathological anatomy. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tus sau txoj kev xav ntawm embryonic plasma continuity.

Kev thuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Nco ntsoov tias qhov kev xav dav dav ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb no tau ntsib nrog ntau qhov kev tawm tsam. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm "tus neeg ntawm lub xov tooj", uas yog, lub tswv yim hais tias lub cev tsis sib xws yog "cellular federation". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus kws tshawb fawb decomposed lub sum ntawm lub neej units mus rau hauv "cov cheeb tsam thiab ib cheeb tsam", uas yog nyob rau hauv sib txawv nrog Sechenov lub tswv yim hais txog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, uas yog ua raws li cov kev cai. Sechenov ntseeg tias Virchow tau cais cov kab mob sib cais los ntawm ib puag ncig. Tus kab mob, nws ntseeg, tsis tuaj yeem suav hais tias tsuas yog ua txhaum txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ib lossis lwm pab pawg ntawm cov hlwb. Tab sis S. P. Botkin yog tus kiv cua ntawm Virchow txoj kev xav.

Lub luag haujlwm ua los ntawm Virchow txoj kev xav hauv kev txhim kho tshuaj

vichusRudolf
vichusRudolf

Tus kws tshawb fawb no ntseeg tias cov kab mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas tshwm sim hauv "lub zej zog ntawm cov hlwb". Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias qhov kev poob siab ntawm qhov kev xav no tau raug pov thawj rov qab rau xyoo 19th, nws tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho tshuaj. Ua tsaug rau nws, cov kws tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm nkag siab txog qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob, piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsos mob qog nqaij hlav cancer, uas los txog niaj hnub no yog kev ua phem rau noob neej. Tsis tas li ntawd, Rudolph txoj kev xav piav qhia qhov ua rau ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem inflammatory thiab lub luag haujlwm uas cov qe ntshav dawb ua si hauv lawv.

Virchow's kev nom kev tswv

Tsis yog Rudolf Virchow tsuas yog tus kws tshawb fawb zoo, tab sis kuj yog tus nom tswv. Nws biography yog cim los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm achievements nyob rau hauv daim teb no. Nws tau coj kev sib ntaus sib tua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv kev huv huv thiab tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1862 nws tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Parliament. Rudolph tau pib ntau qhov kev hloov kho hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyiam huv. Piv txwv li, kev tsim kho cov kav dej hauv lub nroog Berlin yog nws qhov tsim nyog. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm ntawd, txij li xyoo 1861 ib leeg muaj txog 20 txhiab tus neeg tuag los ntawm tus kab mob cholera ntawm no.

Rudolf cov haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm Franco-Prussian Tsov Rog

Lub sijhawm Franco-Prussian tsov rog, uas tau kav txij xyoo 1870 txog 1871, Rudolf Virchow tau teeb tsa tsev kho mob hauv thaj chaw me me. Nws tau sim ua kom paub tseeb tias qhov ntau ntawm cov neeg raug mob raug cais tawm, vim qhov no tau tsim kev hem thawj ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kub taub hau hauv tsev kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog Virchow uas tau los nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev npaj tsheb thauj neeg mob tsheb ciav hlau npaj rau kev khiav tawm.cov raug mob. Rudolf Virchow nyob rau hauv 1880, yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Reichstag, yog ib tug ardent tawm tsam ntawm txoj cai raws li Bismarck. Nws tuag xyoo 1902 thaum nws muaj 81 xyoo.

rudolf vichow cell txoj kev xav
rudolf vichow cell txoj kev xav

Txog tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau hnov qab lub npe ntawm "txiv neej ntawm cellular theory", uas yog Rudolf Virchow. Nws txoj kev koom tes rau biology ua rau nws yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm.

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