Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej, txhawm rau kawm cov ntawv tshwj xeeb, tus neeg siv ntau txoj hauv kev nyeem cov ntaub ntawv. Rau dab tsi? Koj puas tau hnov dab tsi txog hom kev nyeem ntawv? Yog tsis yog, peb tsab xov xwm yog rau koj. Peb yuav tham txog hom kev nyeem ntawv twg, nrog rau thaum twg thiab vim li cas lawv yuav tsum tau siv.
Definition
Ua ntej ntsuas qhov kev nyeem nws tus kheej, koj yuav tsum paub lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no. Peb pib qhov twg. Yog li, kev nyeem ntawv yog ib hom kev hais lus ntawm tus neeg uas tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib txuas lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg, muab kev sib txuas lus los ntawm kev hais lus.
Nrog rau cov kws tshawb fawb, kws kho hlwb thiab cov kws qhia paub ntseeg tias kev nyeem ntawv yog hom kev hais lus, vim nws cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag siab, uas yog, nrog kev txais tos, nrog rau kev nkag siab ntawm kev paub uas yog encoded los ntawm ntau yam duab. kos npe.
Hauv kev nkag siab zoo, kev nyeem ntawv muab faib ua ob txoj kev npaj:
- meaningful;
- txheej txheem.
Kev nyeem nkag siab yogqhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nyeem ntawv hauv cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem, yuav ua li cas tus nyeem ntawv correlates graphemes nrog phonemes, nrog rau yuav ua li cas nws paub cov duab nraaj cim, thiab hais txog.
Nyeem cov haujlwm
Tom ntej. Txij li thaum muaj ntau hom kev nyeem ntawv, raws li, peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Thiab qhov twg, peb yuav qhia koj tam sim no.
Ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau qhia nyeem kom nws thiaj li nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv nws xav tau los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem raws li qhov tsim nyog los daws cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb hais lus, siv cov cuab yeej nyeem ntawv tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm thiab kev txawj ntse, yog li ntawd, hauv cov ntawv nyeem, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv tau nce hauv peb qhov chaw, xws li:
- kev kawm tus nqi - cov txheej txheem tau txiav txim siab tias cov haujlwm uas tau nyeem los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv hauv phau ntawv yuav tsum qhia cov menyuam yaus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub neej, nrog rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij tsis yog rau qhov tshwm sim, tab sis kuj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj haujlwm;
- scientific thiab kev paub tus nqi - cov qauv no tau ntxiv los ntawm kev taw qhia hauv cheeb tsam, nrog rau kev cob qhia kev tshaj lij;
- xov xwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus rau kev txaus siab thiab hnub nyoog ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, nrog rau lawv cov kev xav tau kev txawj ntse.
Yog li, peb pom tias tus nyeem ntawv tau ntsib nrog ntau qib kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntawv. Muaj ob peb. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ntau yam kev faib tawm ntawm hom kev nyeem ntawv. Peb yuav xav txog lub ntsiab txaisS. K. Folomkina.
hom kev nyeem ntawv. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm kev faib ua ntej
Hnub no, hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib niaj hnub no, cov kws qhia ntawv nquag siv 3 hom kev nyeem ntawv:
- study;
- viewer.
Cia peb xav txog txhua yam sib cais hauv qab no. So.
Kev Nyeem Ntawv
In order. Hom kev nyeem ntawv no hauv tsev kawm ntawv yog qhov tsim nyog kom tus tub ntxhais kawm xaiv qhov tseeb qhov tseeb sai li sai tau, uas yog, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Kev txheeb cais tau pom tias nrog hom kev nyeem ntawv no, nws txaus kom nkag siab tsuas yog 70% ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Raws li koj nkag siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thiab nkag siab cov ntsiab lus. Thaum cov me nyuam kawm hom kev ua ub no, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm hla, los yog, hla cov lus uas tsis paub, thiab tsis txhob tso tseg cov txheej txheem. Qhov kev nyeem ntawv no muaj peev xwm los twv lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov yuam sij los ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj peev xwm sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Rau ib tug me nyuam, qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Hom kev nyeem ntawv no kuj tau siv rau hauv kev qhia lus txawv teb chaws, thiab kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias niaj hnub no tsis yog txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm paub zoo li no. Qhov no yog qhov pom tau tias thaum tus menyuam kawm ntawv pib txhais cov ntawv thiab poob ntawm qhov pom ntawm ib lo lus tsis paub. Rau kev nyeem ntawv zoo thiab ua tau zoo, tus cwj pwm phem no yuav tsum tau kov yeej.
Review reading
hom kev nyeem ntawv no yog ua raws li kev muaj peev xwm los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los ntawm thawj cov kab lus hauv kab lus thiab nqe lus, muaj peev xwm faib cov ntawv mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau nrhiav thiab sau cov ntsiab lus.qhov tseeb. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, kwv yees cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Yuav kom tsim tau cov txuj ci zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm txog kev tsom xam ntawm cov ncauj lus thaum nyeem cov ntawv sau, muab cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv nyeem nrog cov duab kos, rooj, daim duab, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum muaj peev xwm twv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus lossis cov ntawv nyeem los ntawm thawj kab lus. Lawv yuav tsum to taub qhov uas tau hais. Txhawm rau tsim cov txuj ci zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj cov haujlwm hauv qab no rau menyuam yaus:
- voice key proposals;
- txuas ntxiv cov ntawv tsis yog tus sau;
- txiav txim siab qhov twg ntawm daim ntawv qhia cov ntawv qhia thiab cov duab cuam tshuam rau;
- yog tias menyuam yaus ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv sau, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos duab, rau cov tswv yim dab tsi tus kws sau tau siv los ua kom nws txoj haujlwm zoo.
Study Reading
Cov kws qhia ntawv siv txoj hauv kev no los muab cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis yog xav xwb, tab sis kuj nkag siab tob txog cov ntawv lawv nyeem. Yuav kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj no, cov kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum nug cov lus nug tshwj xeeb tom qab nyeem ntawv. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog txhawm rau txhawb cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj kev xav kom nkag siab cov ntawv nyeem kom raug thiab nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej tsis txaus ntseeg. Feem ntau, nrog kev nyeem ntawv zoo li no, tus kws qhia ntawv nyeem cov ntawv nrov nrov rau txhua tus, nres, hais ntau yam lus nug rau cov neeg mloog.
Feem ntau, kev kawm nyeem ntawv muaj nyob hauv cov lus qhia lus Lavxias. Cov menyuam yaus nyob rau hauv nqe lus ntawm phau ntawv kawm yog muab cov khoom siv theoretical, ntau yamlus tseeb, txhais cov ntsiab lus, thiab teev lawv cov yam ntxwv. Xws li kev nyeem ntawv yog qhov tsim nyog thaum kawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab rau kev paub txog qhov tseeb tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nyeem ntawv yog siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv kev npaj rau kev nthuav qhia.
Nyob hauv kaw
Yog li, peb tsab xov xwm ntawm hom kev nyeem ntawv dhau lawm. Cia peb sau tseg. Peb, raws li tau cog lus tseg, tsis yog hais txog hom kev nyeem ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj thaum twg thiab vim li cas cov kws qhia siv lawv. Cov kws qhia ntawv siv tsis yog ntau hom kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv nyeem hauv tsev kawm theem qis. Lawv kuj ua ntau hom kev nyeem ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Tab sis qhov no yog ib tsab xov xwm txawv kiag li.
