Chronicle sau nyob rau hauv Novgorod muaj ib tug ntev kev lig kev cai rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 11th thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau xya centuries. Cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv thaum ub tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kawm keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm thaj av loj no.
pib ntawm chronicle
Novgorod keeb kwm uas tau nqis los rau peb tau raug xaiv los ntawm tsib tus lej. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj ob peb lub npe, hu ua izvods. Piv txwv li, Novgorod First Chronicle nyob rau hauv nws cov ntawv thaum ntxov npog lub sij hawm txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th mus rau forties ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. Nws tau muaj txoj sia nyob hauv daim ntawv teev npe me me, tsis pub dhau ib lub hlis twg ntawm nplooj ntawv qauv, thiab suav nrog ib puas thiab rau caum cuaj nplooj.
Cov ntawv tom qab yog ib qho kev hloov kho me ntsis, thiab cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim hauv nws npog cov keeb kwm txuas ntxiv mus, ncav mus txog rau peb caug xyoo ntawm XV caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ib tug luv luv tsab ntawm Russkaya Pravda, ib tug tshwj xeeb sau ntawm lub xyoo pua 11th, uas muaj ib tug exposition ntawm txoj cai cai ntawm Kievan Rus, nws muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam.monuments ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab cai. Novgorod Chronicle ntawm cov ntawv yau, nrog rau nws cov ntawv tom qab, tau khaws cia hauv kev sau ntawm Synodal Department of State Historical Museum.
Txais tos ib ntus ntawm Novgorod chronicles
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov xwm txheej ntawm cov annals tau muab los ntawm kev sib tham ntawm cov xwm txheej uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lawv, thiab tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov ntawv lawv tus kheej tau sau. Piv txwv li, cov xwm txheej ntawm cov xwm txheej muaj nyob rau hauv Novgorod Chronicle ntawm thawj tsab thiab thib ob tsab tom qab nws muaj kev txuas ncaj qha rau hauv plaub lub sijhawm, kuj tau khaws cia hauv ntau yam.
Tus kws sau keeb kwm qhia hauv nws txog cov xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim txog rau plaub caug - tsib caug xyoo pua XV, thiab hauv cov npe sib cais ua los ntawm nws, lub sijhawm tom qab kuj tau them. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb nyiam ntseeg tias ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws yog kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm Novgorod-Sofia Code, uas tsis tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, thiab raug xa mus rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm raws li Sofia First Chronicle.
Lub Tsib Hlis Novgorod Chronicle
Kawm txog cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv keeb kwm conventionally xaiv raws li tus lej thib tsib, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom pom tias nws tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov hloov kho me ntsis thiab ib feem ntxiv ntawm cov ntawv thib plaub, uas tau tham saum toj no. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov xwm txheej keeb kwm xaus rau xyoo 1446.
Chronicle qhia txog lub sijhawm ntawm Ivan the Terrible
Novgorod keeb kwm, uas muaj tus lej thib ob thiab thib peb, txawm li cas los xij tau sauntau tom qab thib plaub thiab thib tsib. Qhov no qhia meej meej los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia tau hais tias qhov thib ob chronicle muaj coob tus qiv nyiaj los ntawm ntau lwm cov ntaub ntawv sau ua ke hauv Novgorod.
Muaj nqes los rau peb hauv ib daim ntawv teev npe, ib feem ntawm cov neeg tshawb nrhiav, yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ploj, nws muaj ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus tseeb ntsig txog kev kav ntawm Ivan the Terrible. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Livonian tsov rog thiab Kazan phiaj xwm.
Pov thawj ntawm pawg ntseeg thiab lub neej hauv tebchaws
Lub sijhawm thib peb uas ua raws nws tau khaws cia rau peb cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog keeb kwm ntawm kev ntseeg lub neej ntawm Novgorod, thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim cov tuam tsev hauv nws. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev kawm ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog lig. Zoo li qee qhov Novgorod cov keeb kwm keeb kwm, cov ntaub ntawv tau paub ntau yam, thiab yog tias tsab ntawv tseem ceeb coj cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov xwm txheej rau xyoo 1675, ces lawv tau txuas ntxiv rau hauv cov npe sib cais.
Ntxiv rau cov ntawv sau saum toj no, luam tawm hauv peb lub sijhawm thiab ua rau cov pej xeem sawv daws, kuj tseem muaj ntau lwm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm uas zoo sib xws rau pawg Novgorod-Sofia. Cov no suav nrog, tshwj xeeb, lub npe hu ua thib rau Novgorod Chronicle. Tsis zoo li lawv predecessors, nrog raupiav qhia txog cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim ncaj qha hauv nroog, nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws hais txog keeb kwm ntawm tag nrho lub xeev.
Priceless monuments ntawm antiquity
Ntau yam tsis tau tshaj tawm keeb kwm monuments, mus rau ib qib lossis lwm qhov, ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv uas tau teev tseg hauv cov lej rau lub ntsiab lus hais saum toj no. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub Novgorod keeb kwm yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau heev thiab capacious nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab chronicles. Ntau lub monuments ntawm kev sau ntawv thaum ub, muab tso ua ke hauv lwm thaj chaw ntawm Ancient Russia, dais lub cim ntawm lawv lub hwj chim.
