Nyeem daim phiaj xwm yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev txawj thiab kev mob rau kev thov rau txoj haujlwm ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm txhua qhov kev tsim nyog. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov haujlwm, tsis muaj qhov kev txhim kho ntawm cov roj thiab roj av lossis kev tsim kho vaj tse yuav pib. Yuav kom ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag thiab muaj qee yam kev txawj kos duab. Hauv qhov no, nyeem cov duab kos yuav tsis ua teeb meem.
Cov koom haum tsim qauv muab cov tuam txhab ua haujlwm nrog ntau cov ntawv luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog kev xaiv ua haujlwm rau lub tuam txhab tsim tawm, tsim los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm engineering ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Nyeem kev tsim cov duab kos tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev, nws qhov ntev npaum li cas, qhov chaw ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, nrog rau hom qauv thiab cov khoom siv. Ntawm no cov khoom tsim tau pom nyob rau hauv peb lub versions: facade, txoj kev npaj thiab ntu (longitudinal thiab transverse). NtawmKev tshuaj xyuas cov duab ntawm lub façade, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov dav dav ntawm lub tsev thiab qhov siab ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus txheeb ze rau hauv pem teb. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog nyeem ntawm cov cim rau sab laug ntawm daim duab loj. Lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev npaj kom meej meej qhia qhov chaw ntawm qhov nkag thiab tawm, tus naj npawb ntawm chav thiab lawv lub hom phiaj, nrog rau qhov ntev thiab thickness ntawm cov kabmob phab ntsa thiab partitions.
Thaum tsim ib qho chaw ntawm cov tsev nyob lossis cov tsev tsim khoom, thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov roj thiab cov roj, nyob rau hauv thawj theem, kev npaj tswv yim rau qhov chaw tsim kho. Kev nyeem cov tswv yim kev kos duab muab lub tswv yim dav dav ntawm lub xaib. Nws schematically depicts lub layout ntawm lub tsev, cov qauv, engineering networks, raws li zoo raws li tej yam ntuj tso khoom uas poob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam kev loj hlob. Yog hais tias muaj ib qho kev tsim vaj tse ntawm thaj chaw, cov duab kos qhia nws cov ntu nrog qhov qhia txog qhov loj thiab cov khoom siv ntawm embankment.
Ntxiv rau, rau cov khoom txaus ntshai thiab muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai, ntu ntawm ITM GO Emergencies (engineering thiab kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv pej xeem, kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv xwm txheej kub ntxhov) thiab PB (kev nyab xeeb hluav taws) raug tsim. Rau qhov no, cov duab kos ntawm cov phiaj xwm dav dav siv, uas qhia txog thaj tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj, lawv qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev sib tsoo (kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kav dej siab). Kev nyeem kom ntxaws ntawm cov duab kos ntawm cov ntu no tso cai rau koj los npaj thiab ua cov haujlwm cawm siav tsim nyog raws sijhawm, vim nws qhia txog qhov chaw nkag ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws thiab cov kev khiav tawm rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Nyobdluab ntawm cov txheej txheem pipelines muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov hom kav dej, lawv diameters, phab ntsa thickness, raws li zoo raws li tus naj npawb thiab hom li qub thiab adapters.
Yuav kom nyeem cov duab kos kom muab ib daim duab tiav ntawm cov khoom npaj, siv cov ntawv sau luv thiab cov cim, uas, ua ke nrog cov cai thiab cov qauv rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim, yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub xeev. Cov qauv ntawm Lavxias Federation raws li ESKD system.
