Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg. Keeb kwm ntawm Oldenburg dynasty

Cov txheej txheem:

Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg. Keeb kwm ntawm Oldenburg dynasty
Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg. Keeb kwm ntawm Oldenburg dynasty
Anonim

Lub Tsev German ntawm Oldenburg yog ib qho ntawm cov muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab qub tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe, uas nws cov neeg sawv cev tau nyob ntawm lub zwm txwv ntawm Denmark, B altic States, Norway, Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab muaj feem xyuam nrog Romanovs, cov vaj ntxwv ntawm Sweden, raws li zoo li cov me nyuam thiab cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm poj huab tais Elizabeth II hauv tebchaws Askiv. Tam sim no, xyoo 2016, yog coj los ntawm Duke Christian, uas yug xyoo 1955.

Oldenburg Dynasty

Ua ntej koj tsiv mus rau Tebchaws Russia, koj yuav tsum qhia cov ceg ntawm lub tsev muaj zog no. Cov ceg qub ntawm cov dynasty tau kav hauv Denmark txij li xyoo 1426 txog 1863, thiab tseem nyob hauv Livonia rau 10 xyoo nyob rau xyoo pua 16th. Cov vaj ntxwv ntawm Denmark thiab Norway ris lub npe ntawm Dukes ntawm Schleswig-Holstein. Oldenburg dynasty tau nce mus rau Glücksburg kab los ntawm 1863, nqis los ntawm lub tsev ntawm Dukes ntawm Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, uas kav tebchaws Denmark los ntawm 1863 txog tam sim no. Cov tswv cuab ntawm kab no tam sim no nyob rau ntawm lub zwm txwv Norwegian. Nws cov neeg sawv cev yog Basils ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws los ntawm 1863 txog 1974.

Tub huabtais ntawm Oldenburg
Tub huabtais ntawm Oldenburg

Russian Empire

Tom qab tuag los ntawm tus kab mobtus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm Peter lub Great nyob rau hauv 1730 xaus cov txiv neej tiam ntawm Romanov tsev neeg. Tab sis rau qee lub sij hawm Russia tau kav los ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm Peter lub Great, Empress Elizabeth. Nws tuag tsis muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv 1761. Tom qab kev tawm tsam xyoo 1762, tus ntxhais huab tais German, tus ntxhais ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Anh alt-Zerbst, tau xaus rau ntawm lub zwm txwv Lavxias. Nws tus txiv yog Karl-Peter-Ulrich (Peter III), tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Holstein-Gottorp ceg, tus yau ntawm Oldenburgs. Yog li ntawd, lawv tus tub thiab nws cov menyuam tom qab, cov xeeb ntxwv thiab cov xeeb ntxwv tsuas yog Romanovs. Lawv txhua tus tau sib yuav poj huab tais German thiab Danish.

Oldenburgs hauv Russia

Alexander Kuv caw ib tug hluas, kawm tau ntawv zoo los ua hauj lwm hauv Russia. Georgy Petrovich ntawm Oldenburg (1784-1812), Emperor tus kwv tij txheeb ze, raug xaiv tsa nyob rau hauv 1808 Governor-General ntawm Estonia. Nws nquag teem mus ua hauj lwm. Tus tub huabtais tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov lus nug ntawm cov neeg ua teb. Nyob rau hauv 1909 nws tau sib yuav Grand Duchess Ekaterina Pavlovna, tus muam ntawm Alexander thiab Nikolai Pavlovich. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg tau raug xaiv los ua tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws-General ntawm Tver, Novgorod thiab Yaroslavl.

Tsev fuabtais ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg
Tsev fuabtais ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg

Nws nquag koom nrog kev txhim kho cov chaw no thiab nquag mus xyuas cov nroog hauv nroog, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thawj coj. Ib txhij nrog txoj haujlwm no, nws raug nug kom nqa khoom thauj hauv Russia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv av kuj tau ntxiv. Tver yog qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov ntawm ob niam txiv hluas. Thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1909, qhov tob ntawm lub Ladogachannel. Txij li thaum tsis muaj cov kws tshaj lij txaus, tus tub huabtais tau hais kom qhib lub tsev kawm ntawv tshiab, uas yuav tsim cov engineers. Tus huab tais txhawb nqa nws txoj haujlwm, mus ntsib tus tub huabtais hauv Tver, qhov chaw uas nws tau paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Karamzin hauv keeb kwm. Tus tub huabtais rebuilt lub qub kwj dej muaj zog heev, uas ua rau nws ua tsaug rau tus huab tais. Thaum tsov rog pib, Georgy Petrovich tau sau cov tub rog, khoom noj, thiab tso cov neeg raug kaw. Tab sis, tam sim ntawd mob, tus tub huabtais hluas ntawm Oldenburg tuag hauv 1812, tawm hauv cov menyuam yaus.

Nws tus tub Petus yug hauv xyoo 1812, uas tau los ua menyuam ntsuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 8 xyoo. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm nws niam, nws tau tsa los ntawm nws yawg. Tub Vaj Ntxwv Peter ntawm Oldenburg nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab tau txais kev kawm zoo. Txawv teb chaws, nws kuj kawm lus Lavxias. Emperor Nicholas kuv hu nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Russia. Nws tau txais ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam hauv Peterhof, thiab kuj tau sau npe hauv cov neeg tseem ceeb Preobrazhensky Regiment.

Alexander Petrovich
Alexander Petrovich

Nws tau nce nrawm nrawm thiab plaub xyoos tom qab nws tuaj txog hauv tebchaws Russia nws tau txais txoj haujlwm ntawm lieutenant general. Tom qab ntawd nws tsiv mus rau kev ua haujlwm hauv pej xeem thiab tau los ua ib tug senator. Nws tau koom nrog txoj cai lij choj thiab, tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov kws lij choj txaus nyob rau hauv Russia, nws tau ua tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv Txoj Cai. Nws yuav lub tsev nrog nws tus kheej cov nyiaj. Petr Georgievich tau koom tes nrog kev ua ub ua no. Rau 20 xyoo nws tau them nyiaj ntau rau cov poj niam txoj kev kawm. Nws qhib ib lub tsev menyuam ntsuag nrog nws cov nyiaj. Nws tus tub Alexander Petrovich nquag txuas ntxiv nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb.

Prince Alexander yug hauv 1844. Raws li nws yuav tsum yog ntawm cov neeg siab dawb siab tshaj plaws, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg tau txais tam sim ntawd rau hauv tus neeg saib xyuas hauv Preobrazhensky Regiment nrog rau qib ntawm kev kos npe. Ib yam li ntawd, nws peb cov kwv tij tab tom npaj ua haujlwm rau lub tebchaws zoo. Lawv kawm ntawv hauv tsev, lawv sawv daws tos ua tub rog.

Youth

Vim qhov tseeb tias ob tug kwv tij nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv tau ua kev sib yuav ntawm morganatic thiab poob qhov kev nyiam ntawm Emperor Alexander II thiab cov npe ntawm cov thawj coj, Alexander Petrovich tau los ua tus txais txiaj ntsig rau lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev ntawm Grand Dukes ntawm Oldenburg. Nws tau txais hauv tsev ntau yam ntau yam, ib tug yuav hais tias, encyclopedic kev kawm ntawv, nyeem ntau, raws li tsev neeg muaj ib tug zoo Library, thiab nws thiaj li los ua ib tug kws lij choj.

ntxhais fuabtais ntawm oldenburg
ntxhais fuabtais ntawm oldenburg

Kev txij nkawm

Tub huabtais ntawm Oldenburg sib yuav tus ntxhais ntawm Duke ntawm Leuchtenberg. Evgenia Maksimilianovna tau koom nrog kev sib raug zoo. Ntxhais fuabtais ntawm Oldenburg patronized Red Cross, Society for the Encouragement of Arts, thiab Mineralogical Society. Ua ke nrog nws tus txiv, nws tau saib xyuas cov chaw pabcuam kev pabcuam, kev kawm thiab kev kho mob, uas tau saib xyuas los ntawm nws txiv txiv. Ntxhais fuabtais ntawm Oldenburg nyiam cov neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov duab kos duab nrog kev luam tawm ntawm cov duab los ntawm Hermitage, Tretyakov Gallery. Nws cov dej num kev kawm txuas ntxiv tom qab lub kiv puag ncig. Nws kuj tau qhib cov tsev kawm kos duab hauv cov xeev thiab St. Petersburg.

Kev ua ntawm Alexander Petrovich

Thiab hauv Kev Tiv Thaiv Lub Neej hauvKev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, thiab hauv Balkan Tsov Rog, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg tau qhia nws tus kheej kom muaj zog, xav tau tub ceev xwm, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho nws tus kheej. Thaum tsov rog, nws nyob zoo li Spartan. Kuv tsis tau siv lwm yam kev pab ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov neeg coob lossis tus kws ua zaub mov. Nws cov tub rog txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej thaum hla kev hla ntawm lub roob Balkan. Nws tau txais ib rab ntaj kub thiab rab ntaj "Rau siab tawv". Thaum nws so haujlwm, nws txuas ntxiv nws txiv txoj haujlwm.

qub dynasty
qub dynasty

Nws sawv ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshuaj, qhov twg I. P. Pavlov, ua kev sim hauv physiology. Nws kuj tau tshawb fawb txog kev tawm tsam tuberculosis. Tus kab mob plague uas tshwm sim hauv Hiav Txwv Caspian tau nres thaum Tub Vaj Ntxwv Alexander tus kheej tau mus tawm tsam tus kabmob kis. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau tsim ib lub chaw huab cua hauv Gagra, uas tseem siv niaj hnub no.

Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg Castle

Nws tau ua hauv Gagra. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, ib lub tiaj ua si tau pw nrog cov ntoo citrus, cypresses cypresses thiab kab txawv agaves. Lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Oldenburg tau tsim hauv Art Nouveau style los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse I. K. Luceran. Cov daus dawb-dawb palace, npog nrog cov vuas liab, nrog chimneys thiab ib tug falconer tus pej thuam, yog strikingly zoo nkauj. Tab sis tsis muaj sij hawm los yog tib neeg tau cawm nws. Tam sim no lub palace tab tom kho tsis zoo thiab xav tau kev kho sai sai.

Georgy Petrovich ntawm Oldenburg
Georgy Petrovich ntawm Oldenburg

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no uas Tub Vaj Ntxwv Alexander tau koom nrog, nws qhov txiaj ntsig yuav luag tsis nco qab. Nws mus rau teb ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb thiab yogtus thawj coj ntawm chav huv huv thiab kev khiav tawm, muab khoom noj rau cov tub rog. Tom qab lub Ob Hlis Revolution, nws raug rho tawm haujlwm. Thiab thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1917 nws tau ncaim lub tebchaws mus ib txhis. Tus tub huabtais tuag nyob rau Fabkis thaum muaj hnub nyoog 88, tshaj nws tus poj niam thiab tib tug tub.

Pom zoo: