Galleys yog cov nkoj tub rog siv hauv Tebchaws Europe mus txog rau xyoo pua 18th. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm xws li cov hlab ntsha yog ib kab ntawm oars thiab 2-3 masts nrog ncaj thiab daim duab peb sab sails, ua raws li ib tug pab propulsion cuab tam. Tus neeg caij nkoj tuaj yeem yog neeg ua haujlwm pej xeem, qhev lossis ua txhaum cai. Los ntawm tsab xov xwm no koj yuav kawm paub dab tsi galleys yog dab tsi thiab cov tsis tseem ceeb uas lawv muaj.
yam ntxwv dav dav
Yog li ntawd, lub nkoj tau caij nkoj thiab caij nkoj ua rog, uas tau siv thawj zaug hauv Mediterranean phiab, thiab tom qab ntawd kis mus thoob Europe. Hauv kev nkag siab dav dua, lo lus no tuaj yeem siv los xa mus rau txhua qhov kev caij nkoj thiab rowing warships ntawm tus qauv zoo sib xws, paub txij thaum ub.
Cov nkoj zoo li no tau siv los ntawm Phoenicians, Mycenaean thiab cov neeg Greek qub qub, Minoans thiab ntau lwm haiv neeg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Lo lus "galley" nws tus kheej los ntawm Greek lo lus galea, uas yog lub npe ntawm ib hom ntawm Byzantine warship.
Views
Raws li kev teeb tsa ntawm lub hull, galleys yog cov hauv qab no:
- Zenzeli. Classic nqaim ships, tus yam ntxwv ntawm maneuverability zoo thiab ceev.
- Nkauj ruam. Wide ships nrog ib puag ncig stern. Lawv muaj tsawg dua ceev thiab maneuverability, tab sis tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yamntau cov khoom thauj thiab riam phom.
Los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov kaus poom (cov rooj zaum txav tau) rowers tau faib:
- Fusts - 18-22.
- Galiots - 14-20.
- Brigantines – 8-12.
Running parameters
Ib lub nkoj Greco-Roman (galley) tuaj yeem nrawm rau 9 pob. Nws tau tsim kev kub ceev tsuas yog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov luv luv. Cov nkoj no muaj lub teeb lub teeb, cov neeg ua haujlwm spartan, thiab cov seaworthiness tsis zoo. Thaum taug kev, tsuas yog cov theem nruab nrab feem ntau yog siv, txij li cov qhov nyob hauv qis qis tau txhaws kom cov dej tsis tuaj yeem los ntawm lawv. Lub galleys ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog tsim muaj ntau bulky, raws li lawv nqa hnyav artillery. Thaum lawv tsim kho, qhov ceev ntawm kev txav tau muab tso rau ntawm lub qhov cub rov qab.
Sib ntaus sib tua
Cov riam phom tseem ceeb siv rau hauv rowing galleys yog ib tug ram qab dej. Cov neeg keeb kwm hais tias nws yog thawj zaug siv los ua ib lub tshuab txiav dej los yog hneev taws los ua kom lub nkoj lub seaworthiness nyob rau hauv cov cua daj cua dub. Thaum cov nkoj hnyav dua tshwm sim, lub ntsiab lus no tau pib muaj zog thiab siv los ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov yeeb ncuab nkoj. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv classical, ib tug underwater galley ram yog ib tug flattened trident. Nws tsis tau tawg los ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, tab sis tsuas yog tsoo los ntawm nws.
Lub hull plating ntawm cov nkoj ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis thaum ub tau raug puas tsuaj loj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus pas dej hauv qab. Thaum cov rams pib cam khwb cia rau hauv tooj liab thiab mounted rau ntawm ib tug loj hull keel beam, ntxiv dag zog rau velvet (reinforced hull daim tawv nqaij), lawv cov hauj lwm tau nce ntau.
Tom tau tawg lub teeb lub teeb nrog kev hloov pauv tsis pub ntau tshaj 40 tons mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws, nws tuaj yeem tawg mus rau sab ntawm lub nkoj sib npaug yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Yog li ntawd thaum ib tug yeeb ncuab nkoj raug ntaus, hneev ntawm lub galley tsis mus deb dhau mus rau hauv nws lub hull, proembolone tau siv rau tom qab ships. Nws yog ib tug me me nto ram, uas, raws li txoj cai, tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tsiaj lub taub hau. Daim duab ntawm lub galley nrog xws li ib tug proembolone yog tej zaum paub rau tag nrho cov lovers ntawm ancient ships.
Muaj lwm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub galley: cov nkoj tau ze ze thiab hla ib qho ntawm lwm qhov ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Lub sijhawm no, cov oars tsoo thiab cov rowers raug mob. Yog tias lub nkoj tswj tau ua qhov zoo zawv zawg tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nkoj, ces cov xau tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau tom kawg lub nkoj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib ntaus sib tua tau siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas cov tub rog thiab cov xub nyob ib txwm nyob hauv nkoj.
