Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo, lub tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau hais txog. Gnesins. Aram Khachaturian, Boris Tchaikovsky, Tikhon Khrennikov kawm nyob rau hauv lub legendary suab paj nruas tsev kawm ntawv. Cov hnub qub niaj hnub kuj tau txais lawv txoj kev kawm ntawm no: Philip Kirkorov, Larisa Dolina, Diana Gurtskaya thiab lwm tus.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nto moo pib thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1895, ib lub cim tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev nyob ntawm ib qho ntawm txoj kev hauv plawv nroog Moscow: "Gnessin Musical College." Niaj hnub no, lub tsev kawm ntawv hu ua txawv - Lavxias teb sab Academy of Music (RAM). Hauv kev hais lus txhua hnub, siv cov qauv yooj yim - "Gnesinka".
Sisters Gnessins
Leej twg yog cov neeg tom qab uas lub tsev kawm nto moo hu ua? Muaj pes tsawg leej nyob ntawd? Thiab lawv yuav ua li cas rau kos duab?
Muaj peb tus muam: Evgenia, Elena, Maria. Ntau qhov tseeb, tag nrho, cov chaw tsim khoom Gnesin muaj tsib tus ntxhais. Tab sis nws yog peb tus txwj laus uas tau los ua tus tsim ntawm lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag ntiag tug. Nws yog ib tsev neeg muaj kev kaj siab. Ntawmfounders ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Gnesins kuj muaj ob tug kwv tij: Mikhail thiab Grigory. Thawj yog ib tug neeg hu nkauj thiab ua yeeb yam. Qhov thib ob yog ib tug neeg txhais lus, kws sau paj lug thiab bibliophile. Evgenia, Elena thiab Maria yog pianists. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub phaj, uas tshwm sim rau lub ob hlis ntuj 15, 1895 nyob rau hauv lub tsev nyob rau hauv Gagarinsky Lane, tsuas muaj ob lub npe. Tsab ntawv E txhais tau hais tias ob tug viv ncaus ib zaug: Elena thiab Evgenia.
Cov viv ncaus tau koom nrog suab paj nruag txij thaum yau. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum plaub, Evgenia mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas nws nkag mus rau hauv lub conservatory. Elena ua raws. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cov Gnesins cov viv ncaus tsiv mus rau Moscow. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov txwj laus tau kawm tib yam nrog Rachmaninoff thiab Scriabin.
Lub tsev kawm ntawv. Gnesins
Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, cov viv ncaus laus pib muab kev hais kwv txhiaj, nrog cov neeg hu nkauj nto moo. Qee lub sij hawm, lawv tau los nrog lub tswv yim zoo rau lub sijhawm ntawd txog kev tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv cov xyoo no nws muaj peev xwm tau txais kev kawm suab paj nruag xwb nyob rau hauv lub conservatory. Tiamsis qhov ntawd tsis tau tso tseg cov viv ncaus. Evgenia thiab Elena tos kom txog thaum Maria kawm tiav los ntawm lub chaw saib xyuas thiab pib ua lawv txoj kev npaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias thawj tus menyuam kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Gnesins tau los ua tus muam yau ntawm tus tsim Olga. Me ntsis tom qab ntawd, tij laug Mikhail txhawb nqa cov ntxhais.
Gnessins qhia solfeggio, qhia violin thiab piano. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig sai sai hauv tebchaws Russia. Cov viv ncaus tau caw cov kws qhia ntawv vimciam teb. Kev kawm suab paj nruag. tsev kawm ntawv lawv. Gnesins nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th yog ib qho kev npaj zoo rau kev nkag mus rau txawv teb chaws conservatories.
After 1917
Ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv raug kaw tom qab lub kiv puag ncig. Tab sis txoj hmoo no tsis dhau lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag. Gnesins. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov viv ncaus tau tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog Cov Neeg Commissar ntawm Kev Kawm Lunacharsky. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, lawv lub koom haum tau ua tiav rau tsoomfwv tshiab.
Qhov kawg ntawm Gnesins, Elena, tuag xyoo 1967. Nws nyob tau 93 xyoo. Zoo li nws cov viv ncaus, nws tau siv nws lub neej tag nrho hauv ib chav tsev me me nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Txhua Gnessins raug faus rau ntawm Novodevichy Cemetery.
Dog Chaw Ua Si
Gnesinka hloov nws qhov chaw nyob ob peb zaug. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Moscow center. Nws yog Ameslikas nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntoo hauv Gagarinsky Lane. Thaum muaj me nyuam kawm ntawv ntxiv, peb yuav tsum tsiv mus rau ib chav loj dua.
Thaum ntxov peb caug xyoo, ntau pua tus tub ntxhais kawm twb tau kawm hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Gnessin, uas txhais tau tias yuav tsum muaj chaw ntxiv. Lub xeev tau faib qhov chaw tshiab. Txog rau xyoo 1962, muaj chaw ua si dev hauv Moscow. Keeb kwm ntawm Gnesinka txuas nrog txoj kev, uas muaj xws li lub npe dissonant. Vim li cas doggy? Hauv nws qhov chaw, ib zaug muaj vaj ntxwv kennels.
Lub chaw ua si dev raug rhuav tshem thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm Kalinin Avenue. Muaj ib lub tsev ntoo nrog lub vestibule me me ntawm no, uas yog tus kws sau ntawv Khomyakov ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig. Lub tsev no yog Sovietxa mus rau tsev kawm ntawv. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv Moscow tsis muaj lub tsev uas ploj lawm, los yog dog dig chaw ua si. Hauv lawv qhov chaw yog Novy Arbat. Thaum kawg ntawm peb caug xyoo, kev tsim kho lub tsev tshiab pib. Tab sis nws tsis tiav. Tsov rog tau pib.
Povarskaya Street
Hauv tsib caug xyoo, kev tsim lub tsev tsim tshwj xeeb rau Gnessin Tsev Kawm Ntawv thaum kawg tau ua tiav. Nws nyob ntawm Povarskaya Street.
Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Soviet classicism. Hauv lub tsev no, chav tsev rau Gnessin cov viv ncaus tau xub muab. Niaj hnub no muaj ib tug memorial tsev cia puav pheej. Ntxiv mus, qhov no tsuas yog tsev cia puav pheej-chav tsev nyob hauv Moscow, nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsev no tsis txaus txaus rau txhua tus menyuam kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Gnesins. Nyob rau hauv lub seventies, lub tsev tshiab tau tsa nyob rau tib txoj kev Povarskaya. Lub tsev 13-zaj dab neeg tau ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj puas, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, Pushkin nws tus kheej tau mus xyuas ntau dua ib zaug. Lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv niaj hnub no nyob ntawm: st. Povarskaya, tsev 30/36.
