Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis muaj kab mob ntau dua thiab yoog rau ib puag ncig dua li cov kab mob. Cov ntaub ntawv ib leeg-celled lub neej no muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev hloov pauv loj hauv qhov kub, siab thiab acidity. Lawv tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj dej rau lub sijhawm ntev nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj qhuav qhuav, thiab thaum muaj xwm txheej zoo ib puag ncig tshwm sim, lawv tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub neej qub dua. Cov kab mob yuav ua li cas thiaj muaj sia nyob qhov twg lwm cov kab mob tuag?
Dab tsi yog cyst hauv biology
Cov kab mob muaj peev xwm ciaj sia los ntawm encysting. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog tias cov kab mob ntawm tes yog nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub plhaub tuab. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog qhov laj thawj vim li cas cov kab mob tsis ntshai ntawm kev kub ntxhov lossis kub hloov.
Cyst yog ib hom kab mob uas muaj nyob, nrog rau kev pab ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam tsis zoo. Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev hloov pauv no yog tus yam ntxwv tsis yog rau cov kab mob prokaryotic xwb, tab sis kuj rau qee tus neeg tiv thaiv.
Txoj kev ntawm lub cell so
Ib cyst yog ib qho tshwj xeeb heevib hom kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub cell. Cov yam ntxwv no nyob ntawm hom encystation, tab sis muaj qee cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Ua ntej, lub plhaub tiv thaiv tuab yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xovtooj, uas yog qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig.
Tib lub sijhawm, encystation tag nrho lossis ib nrab thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm tes nrog ib puag ncig, yog li cov kab mob yuav tsum tau npaj rau kev tsim lub plhaub ntom ntom. Ua ntej, cov kab mob khaws cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov enzymes uas yuav ua haujlwm txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm encystation. Tom qab ntawd lub cell poob qee qhov ntawm nws cov qauv txhawm rau tshem tawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tsis tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm tam sim no.
Cyst yog ib qho ntawm cov theem hauv lub neej ntawm ntau cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem encystation yog periodic. Qee cov hlwv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau tom qab 5 lossis 10 xyoo. Muaj pov thawj tias cov kab mob protist tuaj yeem nyob ntev txog 16 xyoo. Qhov no muab txoj cai hu rau cov kab mob uas muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ua rau encystation
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov chaw kuaj mob qhia tau tias lub cyst yog qhov kev hloov pauv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ciaj sia ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov hlwb encysted ntawm Petri cov tais diav hauv qab ntawm ntau yam qhia tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes. Dab tsi ua rau cyst tsim?
1. Kub hloov pauv.
2. Kev xav hloovsolutes nyob rau hauv ib tug muab nruab nrab.
3. evaporation ntawm dej (drainage ntawm reservoir).
4. Tsis muaj oxygen ntau dhau.
5. Tsis muaj khoom noj khoom haus.
Yam khoom kawg yog ib qho ua rau muaj kab mob sib kis. Yog tias cov kab mob loj hlob ntawm Petri tais, tom qab cov khoom noj khoom haus tag, feem ntau ntawm cov cell hloov mus rau hauv lub cyst. Yog hais tias ib puag ncig yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham, lub sij hawm ntawm encysting yog tsawg.
Nyob hauv qee pawg kab mob, lub cyst yog tsim nyob rau hauv lwm yam xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ciliates, cov txheej txheem no yog tsim nyog rau lub rearrangement ntawm lub nuclear apparatus nyob rau hauv lub cell. Lub encystation ntawm parasitic eukaryotic hlwb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tawm hauv ib puag ncig ntawm tus tswv tsev kab mob thiab nkag mus rau ib qho chaw nyob uninhabitable. Qee cov prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes siv cov hlwv los ua me nyuam.
Type of encystation
Vim li cas cov kab mob kis mus rau theem cyst? Nov yog ob peb hom encystation uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv xwm.
1. So cysts.
Cov kab mob no thiab cov neeg tiv thaiv yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm encystation, uas lub cell muaj sia nyob tsis zoo ib puag ncig.
2. Reproductive cysts.
Hom no yog ib yam rau ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm ciliates. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub cysts tsim ib tug haum nyias plhaub, thiab lub cell pib faib ntau zaus. Vim li ntawd, lub cyst tawg, thiab ntau daim ntawv luam ntawm leej niam lub cev tawm tuaj.
3. Digestive cysts.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hlwb no tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ob peb hom kab mob. Ntawm no lub cyst yog ib qho cuab yeej rau kev zom zaub mov zoo. Hom encystation no yog ib qho zoo rau cov kab mob predator, uas, tom qab "noj" lawv cov tsiaj, tsim lub plhaub thiab pib zom cov tsiaj txhu.
