Minerals yog cov khoom noj khoom haus tseem ceeb uas nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev nrog zaub mov. Lawv yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom uas ua rau muaj sia nyob protoplasm ntawm cov hlwb, qhov twg cov protein ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Lub Neej - Qhov tseem ceeb
Cov tshuaj ntxhia muaj nyob hauv cov kua nruab nrab ntawm cov kua nruab nrog cev, muab qee yam osmotic zog. Lawv kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov pob txha ntawm cov pob txha, txhawb cov ntaub so ntswg, qhov chaw uas lawv muaj zog tshwj xeeb.
Cov tshuaj ntxhia muaj nyob hauv cov qog endocrine:
- iodine muaj nyob hauv cov thyroid caj pas;
- zinc muaj nyob rau hauv gonads.
Ions ntawm phosphorus, hlau koom nrog hauv kev xa cov hlab ntsha impulses uas ua kom cov ntshav txhaws.
Qhov tseem ceeb rau menyuam yaus
Cov ntxhia yog qhov tseem ceeb rau menyuam yaus. Qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob rau cov ntsiab lus no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev txhim kho yog txuam nrog kev nce hauv cov hlwb, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, uas yog ua tau tsuas yog nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo.lawv mus rau hauv cov me nyuam lub cev.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov zaub mov yog qhov pom tseeb, yog vim li cas nws tseem ceeb heev uas cov khoom noj uas muaj micro thiab macro ntsiab yog siv rau hauv cov menyuam cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Macroelements hauv cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb: kaum thiab pua pua mg%. Ntawm lawv yog: calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium.
Cov kab hauv cov khoom noj muaj nyob hauv me me: hlau, tooj liab, cob alt, zinc, fluorine.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Calcium
Cov tshuaj no yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav mus tas li. Nws yog cov ntxhia hauv cov khoom noj uas xav tau rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb, kev tswj hwm ntawm cov permeability ntawm lawv daim nyias nyias, thiab kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses. Calcium xav tau los tswj kev ua haujlwm enzyme, cov leeg nqaij.
Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov pob txha ntawm pob txha. Kev xav tau calcium yog siab heev rau cov menyuam yaus, uas cov kab mob hauv cov pob txha tsim cov txheej txheem tshwm sim, nrog rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov niam laus.
Thaum qhov tsis muaj calcium nyob rau hauv kev noj zaub mov ntev, cov pob txha tsim cov teeb meem tshwm sim, rickets loj hlob hauv cov menyuam yaus, thiab osteomalacia tshwm rau cov neeg laus.
Cov ntsiab lus ntxhia tsis txaus ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau, tsis yog lub cev nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Calcium suav hais tias yog ib qho nyuaj rau zom zom. Nws nyob ntawm nws qhov piv nrog lwm yam khoom noj, piv txwv li, magnesium, phosphorus, rog, protein.
Ntawm cov zaub mov uas nwsTam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb, lawv paub qhov txawv: rye thiab nplej mov ci, oatmeal, buckwheat.
Nrog cov rog ntau dhau hauv cov zaub mov, kev nqus ntawm calcium txo qis, vim tias muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov tebchaw nrog fatty acids.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tsis muaj cov kua tsib txaus los hloov cov tshuaj calcium soaps rau hauv cov tshuaj soluble complex, vim tias lawv tsis nqus, lawv raug tso tawm nrog rau cov quav. Qhov piv ntawm cov rog rau calcium yog pom zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 mg rau 1 g rog.
Cov txheej txheem no tseem cuam tshuam tsis zoo los ntawm qhov ntau ntawm magnesium hauv cov zaub mov. Cov ntsev ntawm lub ntiaj teb no alkaline hlau kuj xav tau cov kua tsib acids, yog li kev nqus ntawm calcium txo. Oxalic acid, pom nyob rau hauv spinach, sorrel, cocoa, rhubarb, kuj cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev nqus ntawm calcium los ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb no uas tus neeg tau txais los ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Nws kuj muaj nyob rau hauv taum, parsley, ntsuab dos. Ib qho zoo heev ntawm calcium yog cov pob txha noj mov, uas tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam hmoov thiab cov nplej. Kev xav tau calcium hauv cov neeg mob uas raug mob pob txha yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj nws, tib neeg lub cev rov qab tau ntev dua.
YQhov tseem ceeb ntawm Phosphorus
Cov tshuaj ntxhia muaj xws li cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov hlau tsis yog hlau. Nws yog phosphorus uas yog cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov organic tseem ceeb: nucleic acids, enzymes, nws yog tsim nyog rau tsim. ATP. Hauv tib neeg lub cev, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no muaj nyob rau hauv cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab li ntawm kaum feem pua ntawm nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij.
Lub cev xav tau txhua hnub rau nws yog 1200 mg. Qhov xav tau rau lub caij nce ntxiv yog tias tsis txaus ntawm cov protein los ntawm cov zaub mov, nrog rau kev ua kom lub cev nce ntxiv.
Hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm, phosphorus muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntsev, nrog rau ntau yam derivatives ntawm phosphoric acid, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm phytin. Qhov no lees paub qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus hauv dej hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions.
Hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kab
Cia peb tham ntxiv txog vim li cas cov zaub mov tseem ceeb heev. Hlau ntsev yog xav tau los ntawm lub cev rau biosynthesis ntawm cov khoom, ua pa kom zoo, thiab hematopoiesis. Hlau koom nrog hauv redox thiab immunobiological cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cytoplasm, qee cov enzymes, cell nuclei.
Ntau cov hlau muaj tshuaj lom rau ntawm tus po, siab, hlwb, ua rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Nyob rau hauv cov dej cawv intoxication, hlau accumulates, ua rau zinc thiab tooj liab deficiency.
Txawm hais tias nws muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom noj, nyob rau hauv ib qho yooj yim digestible daim ntawv, hlau tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv daim siab, nqaij khoom, qe qe.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm zinc
Qhov tsis muaj qhov taug qab nopab txo qis qab los noj mov, qhov tsos ntawm anemia, tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov muag pom kev, plaub hau poob, pom ntawm ntau yam kab mob ua xua thiab dermatitis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ib tus neeg mob khaub thuas ntev thiab nquag, thiab hauv cov tub hluas, inhibition ntawm kev sib deev kev loj hlob yog pom. Cov khoom no muaj nyob rau hauv qhuav cream, nyuaj cheeses, pob kws, dos, mov, blueberries, nceb. Tsuas yog muaj cov ntsiab lus txaus ntawm cov khoom no hauv dej, zaub mov, koj tuaj yeem suav rau tag nrho lub cev kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tiam.
Ultra kab kawm: selenium
Cov ntxhia hauv av, zaub mov muaj cov khoom no, pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj selenium, tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory tshwm sim, atherosclerosis, cardiopathy tshwm sim, cov kab mob ntawm cov ntsia hlau thiab cov plaub hau tshwm sim, cataracts tsim, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob yog inhibited, thiab cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua me nyuam tshwm sim. Cov khoom no tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm prostate, plab, lub mis, txoj hnyuv.
Piv txwv li, selenium deficiency yog pom nyob rau hauv Leningrad, Arkhangelsk, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Kostroma cheeb tsam, Karelia.
Copper
Tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxhia hauv dej, zaub mov, piv txwv li, tooj liab, ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg tsis zoo, kev coj khaub ncaws hauv cov poj niam, kev tsis haum dermatoses, cardiopathy.
Nrog nws cov ntsiab lus ntxiv hauv lub cev, cov kab mob ntev thiab mob hnyav tshwm sim, bronchial hawb pob tshwm sim, kab mob raum tshwm sim,daim siab, malignant neoplasms yog tsim. Nrog rau qhov mob ntev ntawm lub cev nrog tooj liab, ib tus neeg tsim kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Iodine deficiency
Yog tias cov pob zeb no hauv av, dej, muaj qhov tsis txaus, qhov no ua rau cov thyroid tsis ua haujlwm. Iodine muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub paj hlwb, muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog metabolism, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam yaus, cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb ntawm tus menyuam.
Iodine nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm lub plab zom mov, nrog rau cov pa los ntawm lub ntsws. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv inorganic, nws nkag mus rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas nrog cov hlab ntsha, yog ntes los ntawm active proteins, thiab hloov mus rau hauv ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj hormone thyroxine. Txog 300 mg ntawm cov iodide no nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ib hnub. Nws tsis muaj dej, zaub mov ua rau cretinism, neurological ntshawv siab, kev puas hlwb. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj iodine nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, kab mob goiter tshwm sim.
Cov teeb meem zoo li no tshwm sim rau cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb, uas nws cov khoom noj muaj cov nqaij nruab deg tsis txaus.
Cov kev ua txhaum cai no muaj nyob hauv 1.5 billion tus neeg nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb. Raws li kev tiv thaiv thoob ntiaj teb, kev siv ntsev iodized hauv tus nqi ntawm 5-10 g ib hnub raug tso cai. Piv txwv li, rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov kws kho mob xav txog kev noj txhua hnub ntawm ib tablespoon ntawm qhuav kelp yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj iodine.
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm, ib co ntawm cov tseem ceeb compoundspov tseg nrog pov tseg. Tev zaub, ua noj, ua rau poob ntawm 10-20% ntawm cov zaub mov.
Tib neeg lub cev yog qhov chaw sim biochemical complex uas cov txheej txheem metabolic tau ua tiav. Nws yog lawv uas ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj nyob hauv lub cev, xav tau los tsim cov pob txha pob txha, tswj cov dej ntsev metabolism, thiab tswj lub siab sab hauv hauv hlwb. Yog tsis muaj cov zaub mov, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, hlab plawv, thiab lub paj hlwb tsis yooj yim sua.
Qhov tseeb tseem ceeb
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov khoom ntxhia uas xav tau tshaj plaws los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, vim tias tsis muaj ib qho ntxhia, ua tiav metabolic tsis ua haujlwm, ntau yam kab mob tshwm sim.
Yog tsis muaj hlau, manganese, tooj liab, manganese, npib tsib xee, calcium cations txaus, cov tshuaj hormones, enzymes, thiab vitamins tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no ua rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov metabolism hauv tag nrho, txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv.
Ua rau qhov tsis sib xws
Ntev tsis txaus lossis ntau dhau ntawm cov zaub mov yog qhov txaus ntshai rau tib neeg. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev ua txhaum cai li no:
- Lub monotony ntawm kev noj haus, kev siv cov khoom ntawm tus kheej hauv kev noj zaub mov, uas muaj cov kab hauv cov ntxhia.
- Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntxhia hauv cov khoom lag luam cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsiab lus tshuaj ntawm dej, av hauv qee thaj chaw. Tshaj lossis tsis muaj cov ntsev ntxhia ua rau pom cov kab mob tshwj xeeb.
- khoom noj tsis txaus, cov ntsiab lus tsis txaus ntawm cov rog, carbohydrates, cov protein, cov vitamins hauv cov zaub mov txo qis kev nqus ntawm calcium, magnesium, phosphorus.
- Kev ua txhaum cai ua noj.
- Kev tsis raug ntawm cov ntses thiab nqaij yog nrog los ntawm kev poob tag nrho.
- Kev zom zaub mov ntev ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias yuav luag 30 feem pua ntawm cov ntxhia ntsev hloov mus rau hauv decoction.
Zoo kawg
Tsis yog dej xwb, tab sis kuj yog av yog ib lub pantry ntawm minerals. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov ntsev muaj nyob hauv lub plab hauv lub ntiaj teb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntuj corrosion, lawv nkag mus rau hauv dej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cations thiab anions. Nws yog dej uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem hauv paus hauv lub cev muaj sia. Nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis txaus ntawm lub ntsiab micro, macroelements hauv nws, nws tsis ua kom tiav nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus kheej.
